Kushungurudzika Kwevachiri Kuyaruka

Zvemukati

• Maitiro Ekutarisa Kushungurudzika muMwana Wako
• Kudzivirira kuzviuraya
• Chii Chinokonzera Kushushikana Kwevachiri Kuyaruka?
• Misiyano muBongo
• Zvinoshungurudza Zvekutanga Hupenyu Zviitiko
• Hunhu Hwakazvarwa Nhaka
• Akadzidza Maitiro Ekufunga Kwakashata
• Kushushikana Kwevachiri Kuyaruka Kunoonekwa Sei?
• Kurapa Kushushikana Kwevachiri Kuyaruka
• Mishonga
• Inosarudza Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
• Inosarudza Serotonin uye Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
• Tricyclic Anodzvinyirira (TCAs)
• Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Psychotherapy
• Rovedza muviri
• Kurara
• Kudya Kwakaringana
• Dzivisa Yakawandisa Caffeine
• Regedza Doro
• Kugara Nevechidiki Kuora Mwoyo

Chii Chinonzi Kushushikana Kwevachiri Kuyaruka?

Zvinowanzo kunzi kushushikana kwevachiri kuyaruka, kusagadzikana kwepfungwa uye kwepamoyo hakuna kumbosiyana pakurapa kubva pakuora mwoyo kwevanhu vakuru. Zvisinei, zviratidzo muvachiri kuyaruka zvinogona kuzviratidza nenzira dzakasiyana kupfuura kune vanhu vakuru nekuda kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemagariro nekusimudzira dzakatarisana nevechidiki. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Kuda kufanana nevamwe
• mitambo
• kuchinja mahormone
• miviri inokura

Kushungurudzika kwakabatana nematanho epamusoro ekunetseka, kushushikana, uye muzviitiko zvakaipisisa, kuzviuraya. Inogona zvakare kukanganisa yevechidiki:

• hupenyu hwepamoyo
• hupenyu hwekuchikoro
• hupenyu hwebasa
• hupenyu hwemagariro
• hupenyu hwemhuri

Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukuzviparadzanisa nevamwe uye mamwe matambudziko.

Kushungurudzika haisi mamiriro vanhu vanogona "kubuda mukati," kana kungo "kufara" kubva. Icho chiitiko chaicho chekurapa chinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwemunhu munzira dzese kana chisina kurapwa nemazvo.

Maitiro Ekutarisa Kushungurudzika muMwana Wako

Inofungidzirwa kubva kuongororo yakaburitswa muAmerican Mhuri Chiremba nyika inosvika gumi neshanu muzana yevana nevechiri kuyaruka vane zvimwe zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo.

Zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo zvinowanzo kuve zvakaoma kuti vabereki vaone. Dzimwe nguva, kushushikana kunovhiringidzika pamwe nemanzwiro ekuyaruka uye kugadzirisa kwevechidiki.

Nekudaro, kushushikana kunopfuura kungofinhwa kana kusafarira kuchikoro. Sekureva kweAmerican Academy of Child uye Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP), zvimwe zviratidzo zvekushushikana kwekuyaruka zvinosanganisira:

• achiratidza kusuwa, kutsamwa, kana kuchema
• kuchinja mukuda kudya kana kuyerwa
• kuderera kwechido mune zviitiko izvo mwana wako akambowana zvinonakidza
• kuderera kwesimba
• kunetseka kuisa pfungwa
• kunzwa uine mhosva, kusava nebasa, kana kushaya zvekuita
• shanduko huru munzira dzekurara
• kugara uchinyunyuta nekusurukirwa
• kutaura nezvekuzviuraya
• kurega kubva kushamwari kana zviitiko zvekupedza chikoro
• kuwedzera kuita chikoro

Zvimwe zvezviratidzo izvi zvinogona kunge zvisingawanzo kuva zviratidzo zvekusuwa. Kana iwe wakamborera wechidiki, iwe unoziva kuti chishuwo chekuda kudya chinowanzoitika, kureva munguva dzekukura uye kunyanya kana mwana wako achiri kuyaruka achibatanidzwa mumitambo.

Zvakangodaro, kutarisa kunze kwekuchinja zviratidzo uye maitiro mumwana wako ari kuyaruka kunogona kuvabatsira pavanenge vachida.

Kudzivirira kuzviuraya

Kana iwe uchifunga kuti mumwe munhu ari pangozi yekuzvikuvadza kana kukuvadza mumwe munhu:

• Fonera 911 kana yako yemuno emergency emergency.
• Gara nemunhu kusvika rubatsiro rwasvika.
• Bvisa chero pfuti, mapanga, mishonga, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukuvadza.
• Teerera, asi usatonga, kukakavara, kutyisidzira, kana kupopota.

Kana iwe uchifunga kuti mumwe munhu ari kufunga kuzviuraya, tora rubatsiro kubva padambudziko kana nhare yekudzivirira kuzviuraya. Edza iyo National Suicide Kudzivirira Lifeline pa800-273-8255.

Zvinyorwa: National Suicide Prevention Lifeline uye Kushungurudzwa Kwemishonga uye Mental Health Services Administration

Chii Chinokonzera Kushushikana Kwevachiri Kuyaruka?

Iko hakuna imwe chete inozivikanwa chikonzero chekuyaruka kwekuyaruka. Sekureva kweMayo Clinic, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukonzera kushushikana, kusanganisira:

Misiyano muBongo

Kutsvagisa kwakaratidza kuti uropi hwevechiri kuyaruka hwakasiyana zvakasiyana nehuropi hwevakuru. Vechidiki vane kushushikana vanogona zvakare kuve nemisiyano yemahormone uye akasiyana mazinga emaurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters makemikari akakosha muuropi ayo anokanganisa maseru ehuropi ekutaurirana uye anoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa mamoods uye maitiro.

Zvinoshungurudza Zvekutanga Hupenyu Zviitiko

Vazhinji vana havana nzira dzakabudirira dzekutarisana nadzo. Chiitiko chinotyisa chinogona kusiya chiratidzo chenguva refu. Kurasikirwa nemubereki kana kurohwa, kushushikana, kana kushungurudzwa pabonde kunogona kusiya mhedzisiro kuuropi hwemwana hunogona kukonzera kushushikana.

Hunhu Hwakazvarwa Nhaka

Kutsvagisa kunoratidza kuti kushushikana kune chinhu chinobatika. Inogona kupfuudzwa pasi kubva kuvabereki kuenda kuvana vavo. Vana vane hama kana hama dzepedyo vane kushushikana, kunyanya mubereki, vanowanzo kuve nekushushikana ivo pachavo.

Akadzidza Maitiro Ekufunga Kwakashata

Vechidiki vanogara vachisangana nekufunga kwekusava netariro, kunyanya kubva kuvabereki vavo, uye vanodzidza kunzwa vasingabatsiri panzvimbo pekukunda matambudziko, vanogona zvakare kukura kushushikana.

Kushushikana Kwevachiri Kuyaruka Kunoonekwa Sei?

Kuti uwane kurapwa kwakakodzera, zvinokurudzirwa kuti chiremba wepfungwa kana chiremba wepfungwa aite ongororo yepfungwa, achibvunza mwana wako nhevedzano yemibvunzo nezve mafungire avo, maitiro avo, uye pfungwa.

Wako wechidiki anofanira kusangana nematanho anotsanangurwa muiyo kuti aonekwe aine kushushikana kukuru kwekushungurudzika, uye ivo vanofanirwa kuve nezvikamu zviviri kana kupfuura zvakakura zvekushungurudzika kweanopfuura mavhiki maviri. Zvikamu zvavo zvinofanirwa kusanganisira angangoita mashanu ezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• kushungurudzika kana kusagadzikana kwepfungwa kunoonekwa nevamwe
• kushushikana pamoyo kazhinji kwezuva
• kuderedzwa kugona kwekufunga kana kutarisisa
• kufarira kuderera muzvizhinji kana zviitiko zvese
• kuneta
• kunzwa kwekusava nebasa kana kuzvipa mhosva zvakanyanya
• kushaya hope kana kunyanyisa kurara
• kudzokorora pfungwa dzerufu
• chakakosha chisina kuita nemaune kurasikirwa uremu kana kuwana

Nyanzvi yako yehutano hwepfungwa anogona zvakare kukubvunza iwe nezve hunhu hwemwana wako uye manzwiro. Kuongorora kwepanyama kunogona zvakare kushandiswa kubatsira kubvisa zvimwe zvikonzero zvemanzwiro avo. Mamwe mamiriro ekurapa anogona zvakare kukonzera kushungurudzika.

Kurapa Kushushikana Kwevachiri Kuyaruka

Kungofanana nekushushikana pasina chikonzero chimwe chete, hapana kurapwa kumwechete kubatsira munhu wese ane kushushikana. Kazhinji, kutsvaga kurapwa kwakakodzera kuyedzwa uye kukanganisa maitiro. Zvinogona kutora nguva kuona kuti ndeupi mushonga unoshanda zvakanyanya.

Mishonga

Makirasi mazhinji emishonga akagadzirirwa kurerutsa zviratidzo zvekushungurudzika. Mimwe yemhando dzakajairika dzemishonga yekushushikana inosanganisira:

Inosarudza Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

Inosarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) mamwe eanonyanya kutaurwa antidepressants. Iwo marapirwo akasarudzika nekuti vanowanzove nemhedzisiro mhedzisiro kupfuura mimwe mishonga.

SSRIs inoshanda pane iyo neurotransmitter serotonin. Kutsvagurudza kunoratidza kuti vanhu vane kushushikana vanogona kunge vaine zvisina kujairika mazinga emaurotransmitters ane hukama nemamiriro ekugadzirisa. SSRIs inodzivirira muviri wavo kuti usatora serotonin saka inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya muuropi.

Ikozvino SSRIs inogamuchirwa neU.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inosanganisira:

• citalopram (Celexa)
• escitalopram (Lexapro)
• fluoxetine (Prozac)
• fluvoxamine (Luvox)
• paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva)
• sertraline (Zoloft)

Mhedzisiro inowanzoitika inotaurwa neSSRIs inosanganisira:

• zvinetso zvepabonde
• kusvotwa
• manyoka
• kutemwa nemusoro

Taura nachiremba wako kana mhedzisiro iri kukanganisa hupenyu hwemwana wako.

Inosarudza Serotonin uye Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)

Sarudzo serotonin uye norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) inodzivirira kudzokororwa kwemaurotransmitter serotonin uye norepinephrine, ayo anobatsira kudzora manzwiro. Iyo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yeSNRIs inosanganisira:

• kusvotwa
• kurutsa
• kushaya hope
• kuvimbiswa
• kushushikana
• kutemwa nemusoro

SNRIs inowanzozivikanwa ndeye duloxetine (Cymbalta) uye venlafaxine (Effexor).

Tricyclic Anodzvinyirira (TCAs)

Kunge SSRIs uye SNRIs, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) inovhara iyo reuptake yemamwe maurotransmitter. Kusiyana nevamwe, maCAA anoshanda pane serotonin, norepinephrine, uye dopamine.

TCAs dzinogona kuburitsa yakawanda mhedzisiro kupfuura mamwe antidepressants, anosanganisira:

• kusaona zvakanaka
• kuvimbiswa
• dzungu
• muromo wakaoma
• kusagadzikana pabonde
• hope
• kurema kuwedzera

TCAs hadzina kunyorerwa vanhu vane yakakura prostate, glaucoma, kana chirwere chemwoyo, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba.

Kazhinji akaiswa maCAA anosanganisira:

• amitriptyline
• vapinda
• clomipramine (Anafranil), iyo inoshandiswa pakurapa-kumanikidza kusagadzikana
• desipramine (Norpramin)
• doxepin (Sinequan)
• imipramine (Tofranil)
• nortriptyline (Pamelor)
• protriptyline (Vivactil)
• trimipramine (Surmontil)

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) ndiyo yaive kirasi yekutanga yezvinodzvinyirira pamusika uye ikozvino ndiyo yakatemwa zvishoma. Izvi zvinodaro nekuda kwekunetseka, kurambidzwa, uye mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yavanogona kukonzera.

MAOIs anovharira serotonin, dopamine, uye norepinephrine, asi zvakare zvinokanganisa mamwe makemikari mumuviri. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera:

• yakaderera BP
• dzungu
• kuvimbiswa
• kuneta
• kusvotwa
• muromo wakaoma
• musoro wakareruka

Vanhu vanotora MAOI vanofanirwa kudzivirira zvimwe zvekudya uye zvinwiwa, zvinosanganisira:

• chizi dzakawanda
• chikafu chakachekwa
• chokoreti
• dzimwe nyama
• doro, waini, uye isina-doro kana yakaderedzwa-doro doro uye waini

Kazhinji MAOIs anosanganisira:

• isocarboxazid (Marplan)
• phenelzine (Nardil)
• tranylcypromine (Parnate)
• selegiline (Emsam)

Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti iyo FDA yaida kuti vagadziri vemishonga yekudzvinyirira kuti vaise "nhema bhokisi yambiro," iyo inogadziriswa mukati mebhokisi dema. Yambiro inoti kushandiswa kwemishonga inodzvinyirira mune vechidiki vechidiki vane makore gumi nemasere kusvika makumi maviri nemana kwakabatanidzwa nenjodzi yakawedzera yekufunga kuzviuraya uye maitiro, anozivikanwa sekuzviuraya.

Psychotherapy

Zvinokurudzirwa kuti mwana wako aone anokwanisa wehutano hwepfungwa nyanzvi pamberi kana panguva imwecheteyo sekutanga mushonga wekurapa. Mhando dzakasiyana dzerapi dzinowanikwa:

• Kutaura kurapa ndiyo yakajairika mhando yekurapa uye inosanganisira zvikamu zvenguva dzose neyepfungwa.
• Kufungisisa-maitiro ekurapa anotungamirwa kutsiva kwakashata mifungo nemanzwiro nezvakanaka.
• Psychodynamic Therapy inotarisa mukutsvagisa psyche yemunhu kuti ibatsire kudzikamisa matambudziko emukati, senge kushushikana kana kunetsana.
• Kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa matambudziko kunobatsira munhu kuwana nzira ine tariro kuburikidza nehupenyu chaihwo zviitiko, sekufirwa newaunoda kana imwe nguva yekuchinja.

Rovedza muviri

Kutsvagurudza kunoratidza kuti kugara uchirovedza muviri kunomutsa kugadzirwa kwe "kunzwa kwakanaka" makemikari muuropi ayo anosimudzira manzwiro. Nyoresa mwana wako mumutambo wavanofarira, kana kuuya nemitambo kukurudzira chiitiko chemuviri.

Kurara

Kurara kunokosha kune mafungiro emwana wako. Ita shuwa kuti vanowana zvakakwana kurara husiku hwega hwega uye vanotevedzera zvakajairwa nguva yekurara.

Kudya Kwakaringana

Zvinotora muviri kuwedzera simba kugadzirisa chikafu chine mafuta neshuga yakawanda. Izvi zvekudya zvinogona kuita kuti unzwe uine usimbe. Rongedza masikati ezvikoro zvemwana wako izvo zvizere nemhando dzakasiyana dzezvikafu zvinovaka muviri.

Dzivisa Yakawandisa Caffeine

Caffeine inogona kusimudzira nguva. Zvisinei, kushandisa nguva dzose kunogona kuita kuti mwana wako "aparare," achinzwa akaneta kana pasi.

Regedza Doro

Kunwa, kunyanya kune vechidiki, kunogona kuunza mamwe matambudziko. Vanhu vane kushushikana vanofanira kudzivirira doro.

Kugara Nevechidiki Kuora Mwoyo

Kushungurudzika kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya hupenyu hwemwana wako uye kunogona kungomesa matambudziko anosangana nemakore ekuyaruka. Kuora mwoyo kwevachiri kuyaruka haisi nguva dzose mamiriro ari nyore kuona. Nekudaro, nekurapwa kwakakodzera mwana wako anogona kuwana rubatsiro rwaanoda.