Zvese zvaunofanirwa Kuziva Nezve 2019 Coronavirus uye COVID-19

Zvemukati

• Chii chinonzi 2019 coronavirus?
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo?
• COVID-19 maringe nefuruu
• Chii chinokonzera coronaviruses?
• Ndiani ari pangozi yakawedzerwa?
• Coronaviruses inoonekwa sei?
• Ndeapi marapirwo aripo?
• Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kuitika kubva ku COVID-19?
• Unogona sei kudzivirira coronaviruses?
• Matipi ekudzivirira
• Unofanira kupfeka mask?
• Ndeapi mamwe marudzi emakoronavirusi?
• COVID-19 vs. SARS
• Ndeapi maonero?

Chii chinonzi 2019 coronavirus?

Mukutanga kwa2020, hutachiona hutsva hwakatanga kuburitsa misoro pasi rese nekuda kwekumhanya kusingaenzaniswi kwekutapurirana kwayo.

Kwayakatangira yakateedzerwa kumusika wezvikafu muWuhan, China, muna Zvita 2019. Kubva ipapo, yasvika nyika dziri kure seUnited States nePhilippines.

Utachiona (hunonzi zviri pamutemo SARS-CoV-2) hwakakonzera mamirioni ehutachiona pasirese, zvichikonzera mazana ezviuru zverufu. United States ndiyo nyika yakabatwa zvakanyanya.

Chirwere chinokonzerwa nehutachiona neSARS-CoV-2 inonzi COVID-19, inomirira coronavirus chirwere 2019.

Zvisinei nekutyisa kwepasirese munhau nezvehutachiona uhu, haukwanisi kubata SARS-CoV-2 kunze kwekunge wanga uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchiita.

Ngatibatei dzimwe ngano.

Verenga pamusoro kuti udzidze:

• mafambiro anoita coronavirus iyi
• zvakafanana uye zvakasiyana kubva kune mamwe ma coronaviruses
• nzira yekudzivirira kuipfuudza kune vamwe kana uchifungidzira kuti wabata hutachiona uhu

Gara uchiziviswa nezviratidziro zvedu zvekurarama nezve ikozvino COVID-19 kubuda.

Zvakare, shanyira yedu coronavirus hub kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo rwekuti ungagadzirira sei, kuraira nezvekudzivirira uye kurapwa, uye mazano enyanzvi.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo?

Vanachiremba vari kudzidza zvinhu zvitsva nezvehutachiona uhwu mazuva ese. Parizvino, isu tinoziva kuti COVID-19 inogona kutanga ikonzeresa chero zviratidzo kune vamwe vanhu.

Unogona kutakura hutachiona usati waona zviratidzo.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvakajairika zvakanyatsobatanidzwa neCOVID-19 zvinosanganisira:

• mweya wekufema
• chikosoro chinowedzera kuwedzera nekufamba kwenguva
• fivha yepasi-low inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mukushisa
• kuneta

Zviratidzo zvishoma zvinozivikanwa zvinosanganisira:

• chills
• kudzokorora kudzedzereka nechando
• huro inorwadza
• musoro
• tsandanyama nemarwadzo
• kurasikirwa kwekuravira
• kurasikirwa nekunhuwa

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuve zvakanyanya kuomarara kune vamwe vanhu. Fonera emergency emergency services kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunotarisira uine chero cheanotevera zviratidzo:

• kunetseka kufema
• miromo yebhuruu kana kumeso
• kurwadziwa kusingaperi kana kumanikidzwa mubhokisi
• kuvhiringidzika
• kunyanya kukotsira

Iye achiri kuongorora izere runyorwa rwezviratidzo.

COVID-19 maringe nefuruu

Tichiri kudzidza nezvekuti iyo 2019 coronavirus yakanyanya kana zvishoma kuuraya pane mwaka wemakosha.

Izvi zvinonetsa kuziva nekuti huwandu hwenyaya dzese, kusanganisira zvinyoro mune vanhu vasingatsvage kurapwa kana kuongororwa, hazvizivikanwe.

Nekudaro, humbowo hwekutanga hunoratidza kuti iyi coronavirus inokonzera kufa kwakawanda kupfuura mwaka wemururu.

Anofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vakagadzira furuwenza panguva ye2019-2020 flu mwaka muUnited States vakafa kusvika muna Kubvumbi 4, 2020.

Izvi zvinofananidzwa neanenge matanhatu muzana yeavo vane kesi yakasimbiswa yeCOVID-19 muUnited States, sekureva kwe.

Heano zvimwe zviratidzo zvakajairika zvefuruu:

• kukosora
• inoyerera kana yakakora mhino
• Kuhotsira
• huro inorwadza
• kupindwa nechando
• musoro
• kuneta
• chills
• muviri kurwadza

Chii chinokonzera coronaviruses?

Coronaviruses ari zoonotic. Izvi zvinoreva kuti dzinotanga kukura mumhuka dzisati dzaendeswa kuvanhu.

Kuti hutachiona hutapuriranwe kubva kumhuka huchienda kuvanhu, munhu anofanirwa kusangana pedyo nemhuka inotakura hutachiona.

Kamwe hutachiona hukakura muvanhu, coronaviruses inogona kutapurirwa kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe munhu kuburikidza nemadonhwe ekufema. Iri izita rehunyanzvi rezvinhu zvakanyorova zvinofamba nemhepo kana uchikosora, kuhotsira, kana kutaura.

Izvo hutachiona hunorembera mumadonhwe aya uye hunogona kufemerwa munzira yekufema (yako yekumhepo nemapapu), uko hutachiona hunogona kuzotungamira kuhutachiona.

Zvinogoneka kuti iwe unogona kuwana SARS-CoV-2 kana ukabata muromo, mhino, kana maziso mushure mekubata pamusoro kana chinhu chine hutachiona pairi. Zvisinei, iyi haisi inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo nzira huru iyo hutachiona hunopararira

Iyo 2019 coronavirus haina kunge yakanyatsobatanidzwa kune imwe mhuka.

Vatsvagiri vanofunga kuti hutachiona hunogona kunge hwakatapudzwa kubva kumaburu kuenda kune imwe mhuka - ingava nyoka kana mapangini - uye ndokuzotapurirwa kuvanhu.

Kutapurirana uku kungangoitika mumusika wekuvhura wekudya muWuhan, China.

Ndiani ari pangozi yakawedzerwa?

Iwe uri panjodzi huru yekubatira SARS-CoV-2 kana ukasangana nemumwe munhu ari kuitakura, kunyanya kana iwe wakaratidzwa kumate avo kana wanga uri padyo navo pavakakohwa, kuhotsira, kana kutaura.

Pasina kutora matanho akakodzera ekudzivirira, iwe uri zvakare panjodzi huru kana iwe:

• gara nemunhu akabata hutachiona
• vari kupa rubatsiro rwekumba kune mumwe munhu akabata hutachiona
• Iva nemumwe wako wepamoyo uyo akabata hutachiona

Kugeza maoko ako uye kuuraya utachiona nzvimbo kunogona kubatsira kudzikisa njodzi yako yekutapukirwa nehumwe hutachiona.

Vakwegura vakuru uye vanhu vane mamwe mamiriro ehutano vane njodzi yakakwira yezvinetso zvakakomba kana vakabatira hutachiona. Aya mamiriro ehutano:

• hwakakomba moyo mamiriro, akadai sekutadza kwemoyo, coronary artery chirwere, kana cardiomyopathies
• chirwere cheitsvo
• chisingaperi obstructive pulmonary chirwere (COPD)
• kufutisa, kunoitika kune vanhu vane body mass index (BMI) yemakumi matatu kana kupfuura
• jeko cell chirwere
• immune isina kusimba kubva kune yakasimba nhengo yekuisa
• mhando 2 chirwere cheshuga

Vakadzi vane pamuviri vane njodzi yakakwira yezvinetso kubva kune humwe hutachiona hwehutachiona, asi hazvisati zvazivikanwa kana izvi zviri izvo neCOVID-19.

Iwo anoti vanhu vane nhumbu vanoita kunge vane njodzi imwechete yekubatira hutachiona sevakuru vasina nhumbu. Zvisinei, CDC inotaura zvakare kuti avo vane pamuviri vane njodzi huru yekurwara kubva kumavhairasi ekufema kana ichienzaniswa neavo vasina pamuviri.

Kuendesa hutachiona kubva kuna amai kuenda kumwana panguva yepamuviri hazviite, asi mwana achangoberekwa anokwanisa kubata hutachiona mushure mekuzvarwa.

Coronaviruses inoonekwa sei?

COVID-19 inogona kuongororwa yakafanana kune mamwe mamiriro anokonzerwa nehutachiona hutachiona: kushandisa ropa, mate, kana tishu sampuro. Nekudaro, bvunzo zhinji dzinoshandisa donje swab kuti riwane sampuro kubva mukati memhino dzako.

ICDC, mamwe madhipatimendi ezvehutano, uye mamwe makambani ezvokutengeserana anoita bvunzo. Ona yako kuti uone kuti kupi kunopihwa kuyedzwa padyo newe.

Musi waApril 21, 2020, iyo yakabvumidza kushandiswa kweyekutanga COVID-19 kit yekuyedza imba.

Vachishandisa iyo swab yedonje yakapihwa, vanhu vanozokwanisa kuunganidza sampuro yemhino uye voitumira kune rabhoritari yakasarudzika kuti iongororwe.

Mvumo yekukurumidzira-yekushandisa inotsanangura kuti kitikiti yekuyedza inobvumidzwa kushandiswa nevanhu vanozivikanwa nezvevanoona nezvehutano sevanofungidzira COVID-19.

Taura nachiremba wako ipapo kana iwe uchifunga kuti une COVID-19 kana iwe ukaona zviratidzo.

Chiremba wako anokuraira iwe kana iwe uchifanira:

• gara kumba uye woongorora zviratidzo zvako
• uya muhofisi yechiremba kuti uongororwe
• enda kuchipatara kune kumwe kurapwa kwekukurumidza

Ndeapi marapirwo aripo?

Parizvino hapana kurapwa kwakanyatsotenderwa COVID-19, uye hapana mushonga wehutachiona, kunyange hazvo kurapwa uye majekiseni ari kuongororwa.

Panzvimbo iyoyo, kurapwa kwakanangana nekugadzirisa zviratidzo sezvo hutachiona hwuchimhanya.

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba kana iwe uchifunga kuti une COVID-19. Chiremba wako anokurudzira kurapwa kwezviratidzo kana matambudziko anoitika uye nekukuzivisa iwe kana iwe uchida kutsvaga kurapwa kwekukurumidzira.

Mamwe macoronaviruses akaita seSARS neMERS anorapwawo nekugadzirisa zviratidzo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kurapwa kwekuyedza kwakaedzwa kuti vaone kuti kunoshanda sei.

Mienzaniso yekurapa yakashandiswa pazvirwere izvi inosanganisira:

• antiviral kana retroviral mishonga
• kufema rutsigiro, senge mechanical kufefetedza
• steroids yekudzora mapapu kuzvimba
• kuwedzerwa kweropa muplasma

Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kuitika kubva ku COVID-19?

Dambudziko rakakomba kwazvo re COVID-19 imhando yemabayo inonzi 2019 novel coronavirus-infection pneumonia (NCIP).

Mhedzisiro kubva mukudzidza kwe2020 kwevanhu 138 vakabvumirwa muzvipatara muWuhan, China, neNCIP yakawana kuti 26 muzana yeavo vakabvumidzwa vaive nezviitiko zvakakomba uye vaida kurapwa muchipatara chevanonyanya kutambura (ICU).

Vangaita 4.3 muzana yevanhu vakagamuchirwa kuICU vakafa nerudzi urwu rwemabayo.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti vanhu vakagamuchirwa kuICU vaive paavhareji vakura uye vaive nemamiriro ezvinhu ehutano hwakakomba pane vanhu vasina kuenda kuICU.

Parizvino, NCIP ndiyo yega dambudziko rakanangana ne2019 coronavirus. Vatsvakurudzi vakaona zvinotevera zvinetso muvanhu vakagadzira COVID-19:

• acute kufema kunetseka syndrome (ARDS)
• zvisina kukodzera kurova kwemoyo (arrhythmia)
• kuvhunduka kwemoyo
• kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwemhasuru (myalgia)
• kuneta
• kukuvara kwemoyo kana chirwere chemwoyo
• multisystem anogumbura chirwere muvana (MIS-C), inozivikanwawo sechiremba multisystem chirwere chemawere (PMIS)

Unogona sei kudzivirira coronaviruses?

Nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira kutapukirwa kwehutachiona ndeyekudzivirira kana kudzikamisa kusangana nevanhu vari kuratidza zviratidzo zve COVID-19 kana chero hutachiona hwekuporesa.

Chinhu chinotevera chakanakisa chaungaite kudzidzira hutsanana uye kusimudzira muviri kudzivirira hutachiona nemavirusi kubva mukutapurirana.

Matipi ekudzivirira

• Geza maoko ako nguva zhinji kwemasekondi makumi maviri panguva nemvura inodziya nesipo. Yakareba sei masekondi makumi maviri? Zvenguva yakareba sekutora kuimba "ABCs" yako.
• Usabata kumeso kwako, maziso, mhino, kana muromo kana maoko ako akasviba.
• Usabuda kana iwe uchinzwa kurwara kana uine chero kutonhora kana dzihwa zviratidzo.
• Gara pa (2 metres) kure nevanhu.
• Vhara muromo wako netishu kana mukati megokora rako pese paunotsinzina kana kukosora. Kanda chero nyama dzaunoshandisa ipapo ipapo.
• Chenesa chero zvinhu zvaunobata zvakanyanya. Shandisa mishonga inouraya utachiona pazvinhu zvakaita sefoni, makomputa, uye mabosi edhoo. Shandisa sipo nemvura yezvinhu zvaunobika kana kudya nazvo, semidziyo nemidziyo yekudyira.

Unofanira kupfeka mask?

Kana iwe uri kunze munzvimbo yeveruzhinji uko kwakaoma kutevedzera mirau yekudzora muviri, iyo inokurudzira kuti iwe upfeke jira kumeso kumeso rinovhara muromo wako nemhino.

Kana ikapfekwa nenzira kwayo, uye nezvikamu zvikuru zveveruzhinji, masiki aya anogona kubatsira kudzamisa kutapurirana kweSARS-CoV-2.

Izvi zvinodaro nekuti vanogona kudonhedza madonhwe ekufema evanhu vanogona kunge vasina chiratidzo kana vanhu vane hutachiona asi vaenda vasina kuziva.

Madonhwe ekufema anopinda mumhepo kana iwe:

• exhale
• taura
• kukosora
• sneeze

Iwe unogona kugadzira rako wega mask uchishandisa zvakakosha zvinhu senge:

• bandana
• T-shirt
• jira rekotoni

CDC inopa kugadzira mask nekasi kana nemuchina wokusonesa.

Masiki ejira anosarudzirwa ruzhinji rwevanhu sezvo mamwe marudzi emask anofanirwa kuchengeterwa vashandi vezvehutano.

Zvakakosha kuchengetedza masiki yakachena. Rishambidze nguva dzese dzaunoshandisa. Dzivisa kubata kumberi kwayo nemaoko. Zvakare, edza kusagunzva muromo wako, mhuno, uye maziso paunobvisa.

Izvi zvinokudzivirira kubva kungangoendesa hutachiona kubva kumask kuenda kumaoko ako uye kubva pamaoko ako kuenda kumeso kwako.

Ramba uchifunga kuti kupfeka chifukidzo hakusi kutsiva dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira, dzakadai sekuwacha mawoko kakawanda uye kudzidzira kusimba kwemuviri. Dzese dzakakosha.

Vamwe vanhu havafanirwe kupfeka kumeso kumeso, kusanganisira:

• vana vari pasi pemakore maviri ekuberekwa
• vanhu vane dambudziko rekufema
• vanhu vasingakwanise kubvisa yavo masiki

Ndeapi mamwe marudzi emakoronavirusi?

Coronavirus inowana zita rayo kubva munzira iyo inotaridzika pasi pe microscope.

Izwi rekuti corona rinoreva "korona."

Kana ichiongororwa zvakanyanya, hutachiona hutenderera hune "korona" yemapuroteni anonzi mapeplomers anobuda kubva pakati payo kwese kwese. Aya mapuroteni anobatsira hutachiona kuti uone kana uchigona kutapura anoribata.

Iyo mamiriro anozivikanwa seakanyanya acute mweya wekufema (SARS) yaive zvakare yakabatana neiyo inotapukira zvikuru coronavirus kumashure mukutanga kwema2000. Hutachiona hweSARS hwange huchivapo.

COVID-19 vs. SARS

Ino haisi nguva yekutanga kuita coronavirus. Kubuda kwe2003 kwaSARS kwakakonzerwawo necoronavirus.

Sezvo nehutachiona hwe2019, hutachiona hweSARS hwakatanga kuwanikwa mumhuka usati waendeswa kuvanhu.

Utachiona hweSARS hunofungidzirwa kuti hwakabva uye hwkaendeswa kune imwe mhuka uyezve kuvanhu.

Kana ichinge yapfuudzwa kuvanhu, hutachiona hweSARS hwakatanga kupararira nekukurumidza pakati pevanhu.

Chinoita kuti iyo coronavirus nyowani ive inokosheswa ndeyekuti kurapwa kana kurapwa hakusati kwagadzirwa kubatsira kudzivirira kukurumidza kwayo kutapurirana kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu.

SARS yakabudirira kuwanikwa.

Ndeapi maonero?

Chokutanga uye chakakosha, usavhunduka. Iwe haufanire kugara uri wega kunze kwekunge uchifungidzira kuti wabata hutachiona kana uine mhedzisiro yekusimbiswa.

Kutevera kuwachwa mawoko kuri nyore uye nhungamiro yekudzora muviri ndiyo nzira dzakanakisa dzekubatsira kuzvidzivirira kubva pakuonekwa nehutachiona.

Iyo 2019 coronavirus ingangoita kunge inotyisa kana iwe ukaverenga nhau nezve nyowani kufa, kwega, uye kurambidzwa kwekufamba.

Ramba wakadzikama uye uteedzere rairo yechiremba wako kana iwe ukaonekwa uine COVID-19 kuti iwe ugone kupora uye kubatsira kudzivirira kuti isatapurirwe.

Verenga chinyorwa ichi muchiSpanish.