Ko Pap Smear Inoona Mukondombera Here?

Zvemukati

• Chii chinoitika kana masero asina kujairika akaonekwa nePap smear?
• Ndeapi maHIV test aripo?
• Ndeapi marabhodhi anoongorora screen yeHIV?
• Ndeipi imba inoongorora screen yeHIV?
• Chii chingaitwe nevanhu vane hanya neHIV izvozvi?

Pap smear inogona kuona Mukondombera here?

Pap smear inoongorora gomarara remuchibereko nekutsvaga zvisina kujairika mumasero emukadzi wechibereko. Kubva payakaunzwa muUnited States muna 1941, iyo Pap smear, kana Pap test, inonzi inoderedza zvakanyanya mwero wekufa nekuda kwegomarara remuchibereko.

Kunyange gomarara remuchibereko rinogona kuuraya kana rikasarapwa, gomarara rinowanzokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Iyo Pap smear inoona shanduko mumuromo wechibereko kare zvakakwana kuti ipindire zvinobudirira.

Nhungamiro inokurudzira kuti vakadzi vane makore makumi maviri nerimwe kusvika makumi matanhatu nemashanu vagamuchire Pap smear makore matatu ega ega. Iwo mareferenzi anotendera Pap smear makore ese mashanu kune vakadzi vane makore makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu nemashanu kana vakaongororwawo papillomavirus yevanhu (HPV). HPV ndiyo hutachiona hunogona kukonzera gomarara remuromo wechibereko.

Pap smear inowanzoitwa panguva imwecheteyo nekuyedzwa kwehumwe hutachiona hweHIV. Zvisinei, Pap smear haiongorori HIV.

Chii chinoitika kana masero asina kujairika akaonekwa nePap smear?

Kana Pap smear inoratidza kuvapo kwemasero asina kujairika pamuromo wechibereko, mupi wezvehutano anogona kukurudzira colposcopy.

Colposcope inoshandisa kudzikisa pasi kujekesa kusagadzikana kwechibereko chechibereko nenzvimbo dzakatenderedza. Panguva iyoyo, mupi wezvehutano anogona zvakare kutora biopsy, chinova chidimbu chidiki chetishu, yekuongororwa kwerabhoritari.

Mumakore achangopfuura, zvave kugona kuyedza kuvepo kweHPV DNA zvakananga. Kuunganidza svumbunuro yekuyedza yeDNA kwakafanana nedanho rekutora Pap smear uye zvinogona kuitwa pakushanya kumwe chete.

Ndeapi maHIV test aripo?

Wese munhu ane makore ari pakati pegumi nematanhatu kusvika makumi matanhatu nemana anofanirwa kuongororwa hutachiona hweHIV kamwe chete, sekureva kwe.

Kuedza-kumba kuongororwa kunogona kushandiswa kuongorora hutachiwana hweHIV, kana kuyedzwa kunogona kuitwa kuhofisi yemupi wezvehutano. Kunyangwe kana mumwe munhu akaongororwa maSTI pagore, ivo havagone kufunga kuti chero bvunzo chaiyo, kusanganisira bvunzo yeHIV, chikamu chechirongwa chenguva dzose.

Chero ani zvake anoda kuongororwa kweHIV anofanirwa kutaura zvinomunetsa kumubatsiri wezvehutano. Izvi zvinogona kumutsa nhaurirano nezve izvo kuongororwa kweSTI kunofanirwa kuitwa uye riini. Chirongwa chekuongorora chakakodzera chinoenderana nehutano hwemunhu, maitiro, zera, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu.

Ndeapi marabhodhi anoongorora screen yeHIV?

Kana kuongororwa kweHIV kukaitika kuhofisi yemupi wezvehutano, imwe yematatu bvunzo inogona kunge ichiitwa:

• test antibody, iyo inoshandisa ropa kana mate kuona mapuroteni akaumbwa nema immune system mukupindura HIV
• antibody uye antigen bvunzo, inoongorora ropa kune mapuroteni anoenderana neHIV
• RNA bvunzo, inoongorora iro ropa kune chero magene echinhu akabatana nehutachiona

Nguva pfupi yadarika yakagadziridzwa bvunzo haidi kuti mhedzisiro iongororwe murabhoritari. Bvunzo dzinotsvaga masoja ekudzivirira chirwere uye dzinogona kudzosa zvabuda mukati memaminitsi makumi matatu kana kudarika.

Ongororo yekutanga ingangove antibody kana antibody / antigen bvunzo. Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuona yakaderera chikamu cheanorwisa antibody kupfuura inowanikwa mumasviputi emate. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuona HIV nekukurumidza.

Kana munhu akaongororwa aine hutachiwana hweHIV, kuongororwa kwekutevera kuchaitwa kuti uone kana aine HIV-1 kana HIV-2. Vanoona nezvehutano vanowanzo tarisa izvi vachishandisa bvunzo yemunobhemoblot.

Ndeipi imba inoongorora screen yeHIV?

IU.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yakabvumidza miedzo miviri yekuongorora hutachiwana hweHIV. Iwo ndiwo Home Access HIV-1 Bvunzo System uye iyo OraQuick Mukati-Kumba HIV Bvunzo.

Neye Home Access HIV-1 Bvunzo System, munhu anotora mbambo yeropa rake oiendesa kubazi kunoongororwa. Ivo vanogona kufonera lab mune zuva kana maviri kuti vagamuchire mhedzisiro. Mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inowanzo dzokororwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mhedzisiro yacho ndeyechokwadi.

Iyi bvunzo haina hunyoro pane iyo inoshandisa ropa kubva mutsinga, asi inonyanya kunetseka kupfuura iyo inoshandisa muromo swab.

OraQuick In-Home HIV Bvunzo inoshandisa swab yemate kubva mumuromo. Mhedzisiro inowanikwa mumaminetsi makumi maviri. Kana munhu akaongorora kuti ane hutachiwana, anozotumirwa kunzvimbo dzekuyedza kuongorora kwekutevera kuti ave nechokwadi chechokwadi. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve kuyedzwa kwemusha kweHIV.

Chii chingaitwe nevanhu vane hanya neHIV izvozvi?

Kuongororwa nekukurumidza ndiyo kiyi yekurapa kwakanaka.

"Tinokurudzira munhu wese kuti aongororwe HIV kanokwana kamwe muhupenyu hwake," anodaro Michelle Cespedes, MD, nhengo yeHIV Medicine Association uye mumwe mupurofesa wezvekurapa paIcahn Chikoro cheMishonga paGomo reSinai.

"Mhedzisiro yeiyo ndeyekuti tinotora vanhu masoja avo asati akanganiswa," anodaro. "Tinovaendesa kunonoka nekukurumidza kuti vadzivirirwe kubva mukuzvidzivirira."

Vanhu vane njodzi dzinozivikanwa nezvehutachiwana hweHIV vanofanira kuongorora zvavanogona kuita. Vanogona kuronga musangano pamwe neyavo mupi wehutano wekuyedza marabhu kana kutenga bvunzo dzekumba.

Kana vakasarudza kuita zvekuyedza-kumba uye vane mhedzisiro yakanaka, vanogona kukumbira mupi wezvehutano kuti asimbise mhedzisiro iyi. Kubva ipapo, vaviri vacho vanogona kushanda pamwechete kuyera sarudzo uye kuona matanho anotevera.