Mitral kusakwana: izvo zvazviri, madhigirii, zviratidzo uye kurapwa

Zvemukati

• Zviratidzo zvikuru
• Dhigirii remitral kudzokazve
• 1. Nyoro mitral kudzokazve
• 2. Wakaenzana mitral kudzokazve
• 3. Yakakomba mitral kudzokazve
• Zvinogona kukonzerwa
• Kurapwa kunoitwa sei
• 1. Kurapa kutevedza
• 2. Kushandiswa kwemishonga
• 3. Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo
• Kuchengeta panguva yekurapa

Mitral insufficiency, inonziwo mitral regurgitation, inoitika kana paine kukanganisa mu mitral vharuvhu, chinova chimiro chemoyo chinopatsanura atrium yekuruboshwe kubva kuruboshwe ventricle. Kana izvi zvikaitika, iyo mitral vharuvhu haivhare zvachose, ichikonzera vhoriyamu shoma yeropa kuti idzokere mumapapu pachinzvimbo chekusiya moyo uchidiridzira muviri.

Vanhu vane mitral kusakwanira vanowanzo kuve nezviratidzo sekushomeka kwekufema mushure mekuedza kuyedza, kukosora nguva dzose uye kuneta zvakanyanya.

Kutenderera kwakanyanya kutadza kukanganisika iyo mitral vharuvhu, iyo inowanzo kurasikirwa nesimba nezera, kana mushure meye myocardial infarction, semuenzaniso. Nekudaro, mitral kusakwana inogona zvakare kuve dambudziko rekuzvarwa. Chero nzira, mitral kusakwana kunoda kurapwa naana cardiologist anogona kukurudzira mushonga kana kuvhiyiwa.

Zviratidzo zvikuru

Zviratidzo zvekudzoka kwemitral zvinogona kutora makore kuti zvioneke, sezvo shanduko iyi ichiitika zvishoma nezvishoma, uye nekudaro inowanzoitika kune vanhu vane zera rakati kurei. Zviratidzo zvikuru zve mitral kudzokazve ndezvi:

• Kufema kwekufema, kunyanya kana uchiita kuyedza kana kana uchizorara;
• Kuneta zvakanyanya;
• Kosora, kunyanya husiku;
• Palpitations uye kumhanya moyo;
• Kuzvimba mumakumbo nemakumbo.

Mukuvapo kwezviratidzo izvi, chiremba wezvemwoyo anofanirwa kubvunzwa kuitira kuti kuongororwa kuitwe uye kwakanyanya kurapwa kunogona kutanga.

Kuongororwa kwemitral insufficiency kunoitwa zvichibva pazviratidzo, kiriniki uye nhoroondo yemhuri yematambudziko emoyo uye kuburikidza nemiedzo yakadai sekusimudzira moyo ne stethoscope kuongorora chero ruzha kana ruzha panguva yekurova kwemoyo, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, x-ray, computed tomography kana magnetic resonance imaging; uye kurovedza muviri kuyedza kuongorora kushanda kwemoyo.

Imwe mhando yekuongororwa ingabvunzwa nachiremba wemoyo ndeye catheterization, iyo inokutendera kuti utarise moyo kubva mukati uye kuongorora kukuvara kwemavheji emoyo. Tsvaga kuti moyo catheterization unoitwa sei.

Dhigirii remitral kudzokazve

Mitral kusakwanira kunogona kuverengerwa mune mamwe madhigirii maererano nekuomarara kwezviratidzo uye chikonzero, chikuru chiri:

1. Nyoro mitral kudzokazve

Discrete mitral regurgitation, inonziwo nyoro mitral kudzoka, haina kuburitsa zviratidzo, haina kusimba uye haidi kurapwa, ichizivikanwa chete panguva yekuongorora kwese apo chiremba pavanonzwa ruzha rwakasiyana pavanenge vachiita kusimudzira kwemoyo neiyo stethoscope.

2. Wakaenzana mitral kudzokazve

Mhando iyi yemitral insufficiency inokonzeresa zviratidzo zvisina kunyatsoita, senge kuneta, semuenzaniso, uye hapana chikonzero chekurapwa nekukurumidza. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, chiremba anongoteerera kumoyo wemunhu uye anonyorera bvunzo pamwedzi mitanhatu kusvika kumagumi nemaviri, senge echocardiography kana chipfuva X-rays kuti atarise mitral vharuvhu uye uone kana kudzoka kwemitral kwanyanya.

3. Yakakomba mitral kudzokazve

Kuwedzera kwemitral regurgitation kunokonzeresa zviratidzo zvekufema kwekufema, kukosora uye kuzvimba kwetsoka nemagumbo, uye zvinowanzo kurudzirwa nachiremba kushandisa mushonga kana kuvhiya kugadzirisa kana kutsiva vharuvhu zvichienderana nezera remunhu.

Zvinogona kukonzerwa

Mitral insufficiency inogona kuitika zvakanyanya nekuda kwekutsemuka kwemhasuru yemwoyo inokonzerwa neacute myocardial infarction, endocarditis inotapukira kana mhedzisiro yeiyo radiotherapy kana mishonga, senge fenfluramine kana ergotamine, semuenzaniso. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kukurudzirwa kugadzirisa kana kutsiva vharafu.

Zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kushandura mashandiro emitral vharuvhu uye zvichikonzeresa kugadziriswa kwemitral isingagumi, senge rheumatic zvirwere, mitral vharuvhu kupera, kuverenga kweiyo mitral vharuvhu pachayo kana kuberekwa kwevhavhavha yekuberekwa, semuenzaniso. Rudzi urwu rwekukundikana runofambira mberi uye runofanirwa kurapwa nemushonga kana kuvhiyiwa.

Uye zvakare, mitral regurgitation inogona kuitika semhedzisiro yekuchembera, uyezve kune njodzi huru yekuvandudza mitral kudzokazve kana paine nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere.

Kurapwa kunoitwa sei

Kurapa kwemitral insufficiency kunosiyana zvichienderana nekukura kwechirwere, zviratidzo kana kana chirwere ichi chichiwedzera, uye chine chinangwa chekuvandudza mashandiro emoyo, kudzikisa zviratidzo nezviratidzo uye kudzivirira kunetseka mune ramangwana.

1. Kurapa kutevedza

Kudzikama kwakapfava kana kupfava kwemitral kunogona kusada kurapwa, kugara uchitevera kurapwa kuchikurudzirwa uye kuwanda kunoenderana nekukura kwechirwere. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, chiremba anogona kukurudzira shanduko yemararamiro ane hutano senge chikafu chakaringana uye tsika yechiedza zviitiko zvemuviri sekufamba, semuenzaniso.

2. Kushandiswa kwemishonga

Mune zviitiko apo munhu ane zviratidzo kana kusakwana kwemitral kwakanyanya kana kusingaperi, semuenzaniso, chiremba anogona kuratidza kushandiswa kwemimwe mishonga yakadai se:

• Diuretics: mishonga iyi inobatsira kudzikisa kuzvimba uye kuunganidzwa kwemvura mumapapu kana makumbo;
• Anticoagulants: izvo zvinoratidzwa kubatsira kudzivirira kuumbwa kweropa uye uye inogona kushandiswa muzviitiko zveatrial fibrillation;
• Antihypertensive zvinodhaka: inoshandiswa kudzora BP, sezvo kukwirira kweropa kunogona kukuvadza mitral kudzokazve.

Iyi mishonga inobatsira kurapa uye kudzora zviratidzo, asi hazvigadzirise chinokonzera mitral kudzokazve.

3. Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo

Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo, kunonzi valvuloplasty, kunogona kuratidzwa nachiremba wezvemwoyo mumatambudziko akakomba, ekugadzirisa kana kutsiva mitral vharuvhu uye kudzivirira kunetseka kwakadai sekutadza kwemoyo, atrial fibrillation kana pulmonary hypertension. Nzwisisa kuti kuvhiya kwemoyo kunoitwa sei mitral kudzokazve.

Kuchengeta panguva yekurapa

Dzimwe nzira dzehupenyu dzakakosha pakurapa mitral kudzokorodza uye inosanganisira:

• Ita zvekurapa kutarisa kudzora BP.
• Chengetedza uremu hune hutano;
• Usapute;
• Dzivisa zvinwiwa zvinodhaka uye caffeine;
• Ita maekisesaizi epanyama anokurudzirwa nachiremba;
• Iva nehutano hwakanaka uye hwakaringana.

Kune vakadzi vane mitral kusakwanira uye vanoshuvira kuve nepamuviri, kuongororwa kwechiremba kunofanirwa kuitwa usati wava nepamuviri kuti uone kana iyo vharuvhu yemoyo ichibvumira nhumbu, sezvo nhumbu ichiita kuti moyo ushande zvakanyanya. Uye zvakare, panguva yekuzvitakura uye mushure mekusununguka, kugara uchiongororwa neye cardiologist uye obstetrician kunofanirwa kuitwa.

Panyaya yevanhu vakambowana valvuloplasty, uye vachida kurapwa mamwe mazino, chiremba anofanirwa kupa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kudzivirira hutachiona muvhavha yemoyo inonzi infective endocarditis. Ona mabhatiro endocarditis anorapwa sei.