Vashandi Uye Kuendesa: Mhando dzeVanyamukuta

Zvemukati

• Mhando dzevanyamukuta
• Vanamukoti vanonyatsozivikanwa (CNMs)
• Vananyamukuta vanopupurirwa (CMs)
• Vananyanzvi vehunyanzvi vananyamukuta (CPMs)
• Direct kupinda vananyamukuta (DEMs)
• Rara vananyamukuta
• Doulas
• Outlook

Mhedziso

Vananyamukuta vakadzidziswa basa vanobatsira vakadzi panguva yekuzvitakura nekuzvara. Vanogona zvakare kubatsira mukati memavhiki matanhatu anotevera kuberekwa, kunozivikanwa seyeye nguva yekusununguka. Vananyamukuta vanogona kubatsirawo nekuchengeta mwana achangozvarwa.

Vanhu vanga vachidzidzira nyamukuta kwezviuru zvemakore. Ivo vanopa zvakasarudzika kuchengetedzwa kune vanaamai nyowani mumba, chipatara, kiriniki, kana nzvimbo yekuzvarira. Basa rembuya rinosanganisira:

• kucherechedza hutano hwepanyama, hwepfungwa, uye hwemagariro aamai panguva yese yepamuviri, kusununguka, uye nguva yekusununguka
• kupa mumwe-on-one dzidzo, kuraira, kuchengetwa kwepamuviri, uye rubatsiro-rwekubatsira
• kudzikisira kupindira kwekurapa
• kuzivisa uye kureva vakadzi vanoda kutarisirwa nachiremba

Mamwe mabhenefiti ekuva nemanyamukuta anosanganisira:

• yakaderera mitengo yebasa rinosimudzira uye anesthesia
• njodzi yakaderera yekuberekwa kwekutanga uye kubviswa kwekuzvarwa
• yakaderera hutachiona huwandu uye kufa kwevana vacheche
• mashoma mashoma matambudziko

Anongova mapfumbamwe muzana ekuberekwa muUnited States anosanganisira nyamukuta. Nekudaro, nyamukuta inovandudza hutano hwakazara hwaamai nemwana uye isarudzo yakanaka kune vakadzi vazhinji vane nhumbu.

Mhando dzevanyamukuta

Kune akatiwandei mhando dzakasiyana dzevanyamukuta vane dzakasiyana nhanho dzekudzidzisa uye chitupa. MuUnited States, vananyamukuta vanowira pasi pemapoka makuru maviri:

• Mukoti vananyamukuta avo vakadzidziswa zveukoti uye nyamukuta
• Direct kupinda vananyamukuta vanodzidziswa mukusununguka chete

Vanamukoti vanonyatsozivikanwa (CNMs)

Mukoti anozivikanwa mukoti (CNM) mukoti akanyoreswa uyo anowana imwe dzidziso mukuzvitakura nekuzvara uye ane dhigirii ra master mune mukoti kusununguka.

CNMs dzinoonekwa sechikamu chezvekurapa kwakanyanya uye dzinozivikanwa neAmerican Midwifery Certification Board.

CNM dzinowana kudzidziswa mune anatomy, physiology, uye obstetrics. Ivo zvakare vanokwanisa kuita sarudzo dzekurapa dzinoteera nharaunda dzezvekurapa zviyero zvekutarisirwa. Mazhinji maCNM anobatanidzwa nekutakura muzvipatara uye vanobatanidzwa nemahofisi ekubereka.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, maCNM anoshandisa nguva yakawanda newe panguva yebasa kupfuura chiremba. CNMs dzinokurudzira uye kudzidzisa iwe munzira. Uku kubata wega ndechimwe chezvikonzero vakadzi vazhinji vanovimba neCNMs.

Zvisinei, CNMs haigone kuita cesarean kutumira uye kazhinji kazhinji haigone kuita vacuum kana kumanikidza kuendesa. Ivo vanowanzo chengeta vakadzi vane njodzi shoma avo vangangodaro vasingade nzira idzi dzekupindira.

Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu maCMM anogona kubatsira ma-OB-GYN kana ma perinatologists aine hanya nevakadzi vane njodzi huru.

Kana iwe uri kufunga nezvekugamuchira rubatsiro kubva kuCNM, iwe unofanirwa kubvunza nezve vanachiremba nyamukuta anoshanda navo. Kunyangwe vakadzi vane njodzi shoma vanogona kungoerekana vaita zvinetswa zvinoda hunyanzvi uye kudzidziswa kwakakosha kwechiremba.

Vananyamukuta vanopupurirwa (CMs)

Nyamukuta vanopupurirwa (CM) akafanana nanamukoti akasimbiswa. Musiyano chete ndewekuti CMs yekutanga degree yanga isiri mukuyamwisa.

Vananyanzvi vehunyanzvi vananyamukuta (CPMs)

Nyanzvi inosimbisa nyamukuta (CPM) inoshanda yakazvimiririra nevakadzi vanounza kumba kana munzvimbo dzekuzvarira. MaCPM anouya pakuzvarwa uye kazhinji anopa prenatal kuchengetwa.

MaCPM anofanirwa kupasa bvunzo yekugona neNorth American Registry yeManyowani (NARM).

Direct kupinda vananyamukuta (DEMs)

Anonanga nekupinda nyamukuta (DEM) anoshanda akazvimiririra uye akadzidza kusununguka kuburikidza nechikoro chekusununguka, kudzidzira basa, kana chirongwa chekoreji mukusununguka. MaDEMs anopa chengetedzo yakakwana yepamuviri uye anoenda kunoberekwa pamba kana kununura munzvimbo dzekuzvarira.

Rara vananyamukuta

Nyamukuta vakarembera havasi vezvekurapa. Iwo kudzidziswa, kupihwa chitupa, uye kugona kwevanorara vananyamukuta kunogona kusiyana sezvo matunhu mazhinji asina imwechete, yakasimbiswa kosi, kudzidziswa, kana yunifomu certification maitiro.

Vanoteya vananyamukuta havawanzoonekwa sechikamu chevazhinji vezvekurapa uye vanowanzo shanda nevanhu vanoita imwe nzira yekurapa.

Kunze kwekusara kushoma, vananyamukuta vanoisa havaburitse vacheche muzvipatara. Vanowanzo batsira pakuendesa kumba kana munzvimbo dzekuzvarira.

Kunyangwe vakadzi vazhinji vachigona kusununguka pamba vakachengetedzwa nemukushi nyamukuta, vamwe vakadzi vanova nezvinetso zvakakomba mushure mekutanga kwebasa. Nekuti kudzidziswa kwevananyamukuta vasingateedzerwe hakukwanisike, kugona kuziva matambudziko kunosiyana.

Zvinetso zvakawanda zvekubereka zvinoitika nekukurumidza zvekuti kunyangwe kurapwa nekukasira nachiremba kunogona kunge kusingashande pasina hunyanzvi hwekurapa hwazvino. Nekuda kweizvi, varapi vashoma mumushonga mukuru weAmerica vanokurudzira kuberekwa pamba kana kubereka nemadzimbuya.

Doulas

Iyo doula inowanzo batsira amai iko kusati kwaberekwa uye panguva yebasa uye yekusununguka. Ivo vanopa kutsigira kwepamoyo uye kwemuviri kuna amai uye zvinogona zvakare kubatsira kuvadzidzisa. Zvisinei, havasi kupa kurapwa.

Doulas anowanikwa kuna amai vasati vaberekwa kuti vabatsire kuuya nehurongwa hwekuzvarwa uye kupindura chero mibvunzo iyo amai vangave nayo.

Munguva yekusununguka, iyo doula ichapa nyaradzo kuna amai nekubatsira nekufema uye kuzorora. Ivo vachapawo kukwiza muviri uye kubatsira nenzvimbo dzevashandi. Mushure mekusununguka, iyo doula inobatsira amai nekuyamwisa uye inogona kubatsira panguva yekusununguka.

Iyo doula ichave iripo kuna amai uye kuvabatsira kuti vave nekuzvara kwakachengeteka uye kwakanaka, kunyangwe kana zvichisanganisira mishonga kana kuvhiyiwa.

Outlook

Zvichienderana nekuti iwe unoda kusunungukira muchipatara, kumba, kana munzvimbo yekuberekera, zvakanakisa kuziva kuti ndezvipi zvitupa kana rutsigiro rwaunoda kubva kunanyamukuta wako. Ruzivo urwu rwunokubatsira iwe kuona mhando yemanyamukuta aunoda kushanda nawo.

Kazhinji, kuve nanyamukuta kunozokupa rutsigiro rwepamoyo uye rwemuviri uye kubatsira maitiro ekubara kuti afambe zvakanaka. Nyamukuta anobatsira zvakare kuona hutano hwako nehutano hwemwana wako.