Optic Neuritis

Zvemukati

• Ndiani ari panjodzi ye optic neuritis?
• Chii chinokonzera optic neuritis?
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve optic neuritis?
• Optic neuritis inoonekwa sei?
• Ndeapi marapirwo e optic neuritis?
• Ndeupi mutarisiro wenguva refu?

Chii chinonzi optic neuritis?

Iyo optic nerve inotakura ruzivo rwekuona kubva paziso rako kuenda kuuropi hwako. Optic neuritis (ON) ndipo panopfuta tsinga yako yemaziso.

ON inogona kubuda kamwe kamwe kubva kuhutachiona kana chirwere chetsinga. Iko kuzvimba kunowanzo kukonzera kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo kwechinguva izvo zvinowanzoitika muziso rimwe chete. Avo vane ON dzimwe nguva vanonzwa kurwadziwa.Sezvo iwe paunopora uye kuzvimba kwapera, chiono chako chingangodzoka.

Mimwe mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzeresa zviratidzo zvakafanana neAO. Vanachiremba vanogona kushandisa optical coherence tomography (OCT) kana magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kuti vabatsire kusvika kune chaiyo kuongororwa.

ON haidi kurapwa nguva dzose uye inogona kupora yega. Mishonga, yakadai secorticosteroids, inogona kubatsira kukurumidza kupora. Vazhinji vanoziva ON vane kukwana (kana kuda kukwana) kuona kupora mukati memwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu, asi zvinogona kutora kusvika kumwedzi gumi nembiri kuti vawane chiratidzo chekuona.

Ndiani ari panjodzi ye optic neuritis?

Iwe uri mukana wekuvandudza ON kana:

• uri mukadzi ane makore ari pakati pe18 ne45
• wakaonekwa uine multiple sclerosis (MS)
• unogara pakakwirira (semuenzaniso, Northern United States, New Zealand)

Chii chinokonzera optic neuritis?

Chinokonzera ON hachina kunyatsonzwisiswa. Kazhinji kesi idiopathic, zvinoreva kuti havana chikonzero chinozivikanwa. Chikonzero chakanyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye MS. Muchokwadi, ON inowanzo kuve chiratidzo chekutanga cheMS. ON inogona zvakare kuve nekuda kwehutachiona kana yekuzvimba immune system mhinduro.

Zvirwere zvemitsipa zvinogona kukonzera ON zvinosanganisira:

• MS
• neuromyelitis optica
• Chirwere cheSchilder (chirwere chisingaperi chinodzora chinotangira muhudiki)

Zvirwere zvinogona kukonzera ON zvinosanganisira:

• mumps
• gwirikwiti
• tibhii
• Chirwere cheLyme
• hutachiona encephalitis
• sinusitis
• yomumuzongoza
• shingles

Zvimwe zvikonzero zve ON zvinosanganisira:

• sarcoidosis, chirwere chinokonzera kuzvimba munhengo dzakasiyana siyana uye nyama
• Guillain-Barre syndrome, chirwere umo immune yako inorwisa system yako yetsinga
• postvaccination reaction, immune immune inotevera majekiseni
• mamwe makemikari kana zvinodhaka

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve optic neuritis?

Zviratidzo zvitatu zvakajairika zve ON ndeizvi:

• kurasikirwa kwekuona mune rimwe ziso, iro rinogona kusiyanisa kubva pakunyoro kusvika kune rakaomarara uye rinogara kwemazuva manomwe kusvika gumi
• kurwadziwa kweperiocular, kana kurwadziwa kwakatenderedza ziso rako iro rinowanzo kukanganiswa nekufamba kwemaziso
• dyschromatopsia, kana kusakwanisa kuona mavara nenzira kwayo

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• photopsia, uchiona mwenje unopenya (kure kudivi) mune rimwe kana ese maziso
• shanduko munzira iyo mudzidzi anoita nayo kuchiedza chakajeka
• Uhthoff's phenomenon (kana chiratidzo chaUhthoff), apo chiono chemaziso chichiwedzera nekuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri

Optic neuritis inoonekwa sei?

Kuongorora kwemuviri, zviratidzo, uye nhoroondo yezvokurapa zvinoumba hwaro hwekuongororwa kweOO. Kuti uone kurapa kwakaringana, chiremba wako anogona kuita mamwe mabvunzo kuti aone chinokonzeresa yako ON.

Mhando dzekurwara dzinogona kukonzera optic neuritis dzinosanganisira:

• demyelinating chirwere, senge MS
• autoimmune neuropathies, senge systemic lupus erythematosus
• compressive neuropathies, senge meningioma (rudzi rwehuropi bundu)
• mamiriro ekuputira, sarcoidosis
• zvirwere, zvakadai sesinusitis

ON yakaita sekuzvimba kwetsinga dzemaziso. Mamiriro ezvinhu ane zviratidzo zvakafanana ON izvo zvisiri zvekuputira zvinosanganisira:

• anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
• leber nhaka nhaka optic neuropathy

Nekuda kwehukama hwepedyo pakati peOne neMS, chiremba wako angangoda kuita bvunzo dzinotevera:

• OCT scan, iyo inotarisa tsinga dziri kumashure kweziso rako
• uropi MRI scan, iyo inoshandisa simba remagineti uye masaisai eredhiyo kugadzira mufananidzo wakadzama wehuropi hwako
• CT scan, iyo inogadzira muchinjikwa-chikamu X-ray mufananidzo wehuropi hwako kana zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri wako

Ndeapi marapirwo e optic neuritis?

Mazhinji kesi eOO anopora pasina kurapwa. Kana yako ON iri mhedzisiro yeimwe mamiriro, kurapa iyo mamiriro kunowanzo gadzirisa iyo ON.

Kurapa kwe ON kunosanganisira:

• intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP)
• intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
• interferon majekiseni

Kushandiswa kwecorticosteroids senge IVMP kunogona kuve nemhedzisiro. Rare mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yeIVMP inosanganisira zvakanyanya kushushikana uye pancreatitis.

Zvakajairika mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yekurapa steroid inosanganisira:

• kukanganiswa kwekurara
• zvinyoro mafungiro anochinja
• mudumbu kugumbuka

Ndeupi mutarisiro wenguva refu?

Vazhinji vanhu vane ON vanozove nesarudzo yekupedzisa kuona kupora mukati memwedzi mitanhatu kusvika gumi nemiviri. Shure kwaizvozvo, kupora kwemitengo kunodzikira uye kukuvara kunogara zvachose. Kunyangwe neakanaka kuona kupora, vazhinji vacharamba vaine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekukuvara kune yavo optic nerve.

Ziso chikamu chakakosha kwazvo chemuviri. Taura zviratidzo zvekunyevera kwekukuvara kusingaperi nachiremba wako vasati vadzoreka. Izvi zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvinosanganisira chiono chako chichiwedzera kweanopfuura vhiki mbiri uye hapana kuvandudzwa mushure memavhiki masere.