Ndeapi maFreud's Psychosexual Matanho Ekuvandudza?

Zvemukati

• Pfungwa iyi yakabva kupi?
• Chikamu chega chega chinofambidzana nekukonana kwakati
• Izvo zvinokwanisika kuti "unamatire" uye rega kufambira mberi
• Chikamu chemuromo
• Chikamu che anal
• Nhengo yechirume
• Oedipus yakaoma
• Electra yakaoma
• Iyo latency nhanho
• Nhengo yekubereka
• Pane here kushoropodzwa kwekutarisa?
• Saka, dzidziso iyi inomira sei muzuva ranhasi?
• Pane here dzimwe dzidziso dzekufunga nezvadzo?
• Chinokosha

Wakambonzwa here zvirevo "mbichana mbichana," "Oedipal tata," kana "muromo kugadziriswa"?

Ivo vese vakaumbwa neanozivikanwa psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud sechikamu chepfungwa yake yepfungwa yekuvandudzwa.

Hatizonyepe - pasina PhD mu psychology yevanhu, dzidziso dzaFreud dzinogona kutaridza senge yakawanda psychobabble.

Kwete kunetseka! Isu tinoisa pamwechete iri rekukurukurirana gwara kukubatsira iwe unzwisise kuti chii chinonzi psychosexual kukura kuri nezve.

Pfungwa iyi yakabva kupi?

"Dzidziso iyi yakatanga kubva kuFreud mukutanga kwema1900 senzira yekunzwisisa uye kutsanangura chirwere chepfungwa uye kushungurudzika mupfungwa," anotsanangura kudaro chiremba wezvepfungwa Dana Dorfman, PhD.

Chikamu chega chega chinofambidzana nekukonana kwakati

Mufungo uyu wakakwenenzverwa kupfuura keke remuchato, asi zvinokatyamadza kune izvi: Kunakidzwa kwepabonde kunoita basa rakakura mukukura kwevanhu.

Sekureva kwaFreud, mwana wese "ane hutano" anochinja kuburikidza nematanho mashanu akasiyana:

• muromo
• anal
• nhengo yemurume
• latent
• genital

Chikamu chega chega chinosanganiswa nechimwe chikamu chemuviri, kana kunyanya, erogenous zone.

Nzvimbo yega yega sosi yekunakidzwa uye kupokana panguva yayo nhanho.

"Kukwanisa kwemwana kugadzirisa gakava iri kunosarudza kana vakakwanisa kuenda padanho rinotevera," anotsanangura chipangamazano ane hunyanzvi Dr. Mark Mayfield, muvambi uye CEO weMayfield Counselling Centres.

Izvo zvinokwanisika kuti "unamatire" uye rega kufambira mberi

Kana iwe ukagadzirisa kusagadzikana mune yakapihwa nhanho, iwe unofambira mberi kune inotevera nhanho yekusimudzira.

Asi kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza kufamba, Freud akatenda kuti iwe unogara chaiko kwauri.

Iwe unogona kuramba wakanamatira, usingambofambira mberi kune inotevera nhanho, kana kufambira mberi asi unoratidza zvakasara kana zvisina kugadziriswa nyaya kubva padanho rapfuura

Freud akatenda kuti kune zvikonzero zviviri zvakaita kuti vanhu vabatike:

1. Izvo zvavanoda zvekuvandudza hazvina kukwaniswa zvakakwana panguva yechitambo, izvo zvakakonzera kushungurudzika.
2. Zvavaida zvekusimudzira zvaive saka vakasangana zvakanaka kuti vaisada kusiya mamiriro ekuzvifadza.

Ose ari maviri anogona kutungamira kune yaanoti "kugadzika" pane erogenous zone inosangana neiyo nhanho.

Semuenzaniso, munhu "akabatirira" mudanho remuromo anogona kunyanya kunakidzwa nekuve nezvinhu mukanwa.

Chikamu chemuromo

• Zera renji: Kuberekwa kune gore rimwe chete
• Erogenous nzvimbo: Muromo

Kurumidza: Funga nezvemwana. Mikana iwe wakafungidzirwa mudiki diki anogara pabum yavo, achinyemwerera, uye kuyamwa paminwe yavo.

Zvakanaka, maererano naFreud, panguva iyi yekutanga nhanho yekusimudzira, libido yemunhu iri mumuromo mavo. Kureva kuti muromo ndiyo sosi yekutanga yemafaro.

"Iyi nhanho ine chekuita nekuyamwisa, kuruma, kuyamwa, uye kuongorora nyika nekuisa zvinhu mukanwa," anodaro Dr. Dorfman.

Fungidziro yaFreud inoti zvinhu zvakaita sekukwirisa chingamu, kuruma nzwara, uye kuyamwa zvigunwe zvakadzika midzi mune zvishoma kana zvakawandisa zvekugutsa pamuromo semwana.

"Kudya zvakawandisa, kunwisa doro, uye kuputa fodya zvinonzi zvakare zvakakonzerwa nekusasimukira zvakanaka padanho rekutanga iri," anodaro.

Chikamu che anal

• Zera renji: 1 kusvika kumakore matatu ekuberekwa
• Erogenous nzvimbo: horo nedundira

Kuisa zvinhu mumugero wekumashure kunogona kunge kuri mufashoni, asi mune ino nhanho mufaro unobva kwete pakuisa kupinda, asi kusunda kupererwa nemboro.

Yep, ndiyo kodhi yekushandisa pooping.

Freud akatenda kuti panguva iyi, kudzidzira poto uye kudzidza kudzora ura hwako uye dundira ndiwo manyuko makuru emufaro nekushushikana.

Kudzidziswa chimbuzi ingori mubereki anoudza mwana nguva uye kupi kwavanogona kunyura, uye ndiko kusangana kwekutanga kwemunhu nechiremera.

Dzidziso iyi inotaura kuti mabudiro anoita mubereki nzira yekudzidzira chimbuzi inokanganisa mabatiro anoita mumwe munhu nechiremera pavanenge vachikura.

Kudzidziswa kwehasha potty inofungidzirwa kuti inokonzeresa vanhu vakuru kuti vagare vakarerekera kumagaro: vanoda kukwana, vanofungidzirwa nehutsanana, uye kutonga.

Kudzidziswa kusununguka, kune rumwe rutivi, kunonzi kunokonzera kuti munhu ave anodzinga anal nekumashure: akasviba, asina kurongeka, achiwedzeredza, uye aine miganho yakashata.

Nhengo yechirume

• Zera renji: 3 kusvika kumakore matanhatu ekuberekwa
• Erogenous nzvimbo: sikarudzi, kunyanya mbichana

Sezvaunogona kufungidzira kubva pazita, danho iri rinosanganisira kugadziriswa panhengo yemurume.

Freud akaronga kuti kune vakomana vadiki, izvi zvaireva kubatikana nenhengo yavo yechirume.

Kune vasikana vadiki, izvi zvaireva kugadziriswa pachokwadi chekuti havana peni, chiitiko chaakadaidza kuti "godo renhengo."

Oedipus yakaoma

Dambudziko reOedipus nderimwe remafungiro aFreud ane nharo.

Icho chakavakirwa mungano yechiGiriki apo murume wechidiki anonzi Oedipus anouraya baba vake uye ndokuzoroora amai vake. Paanowana zvaakaita, anoburitsa maziso ake kunze.

"Freud aidavira kuti mukomana wese anokwezva pabonde naamai vake," anotsanangura kudaro Dr. Mayfield.

Uye kuti mukomana wese anotenda kuti kana baba vake vakazozviziva, baba vake vaizobvisa icho chinhu icho mukomana mudiki anonyanya kuda munyika: nhengo yake.

Apa ndipo panoradzika kushushikana.

Sekureva kwaFreud, vakomana vanozopedzisira vasarudza kuve madzibaba avo - kuburikidza nekuteedzera - pane kuvarwisa.

Freud akadana ichi "chiziviso" uye akatenda kuti zvaive pakupedzisira magadzirirwo eOedipus akagadziriswa.

Electra yakaoma

Imwe nyanzvi yezvepfungwa, Carl Jung, akaumba "iyo Electra Complex" muna 1913 kurondedzera manzwiro akafanana muvasikana.

Muchidimbu, inoti vasikana vadiki vanokwikwidza naamai vavo nekuda kwekurara kubva kuna madzibaba avo.

Asi Freud akaramba zita racho, achipokana kuti vakomana vaviri vanoita zviitiko zvakasiyana muchikamu chino izvo zvisingafanire kuvharirwa.

Saka manje akaita Freud anotenda zvakaitika kuvasikana mune ino nhanho?

Akakurudzira kuti vasikana vade vanamai vavo kusvikira vaona kuti havana nhengo, uyezve vobva vanyatsobatana nababa vavo.

Gare gare, vanotanga kuzvifananidza naamai vavo nekutya kurasikirwa nerudo rwavo - chiitiko chaakagadzira "hunhu hweOedipus hunhu."

Akatenda danho iri rakakosha kuti vasikana vanzwisise basa ravo sevakadzi munyika, pamwe nehunhu hwavo.

Iyo latency nhanho

• Zera renji: Makore manomwe kusvika gumi ekuberekwa, kana chikoro chepuraimari kuburikidza preadolescence
• Erogenous nzvimbo: N / A, manzwiro epabonde haashande

Munguva yekupedzisira latency, iyo libido iri mu "usavhiringidze maitiro."

Freud akataura kuti apa ndipo apo simba repabonde rakaendeswa mukushanda nesimba, zviitiko zveasexual sekudzidza, mitambo yekuzvivaraidza, uye hukama hwehukama.

Akanzwa kuti danho iri ndipo apo vanhu vanokudziridza hunyanzvi hwemagariro uye kutaurirana.

Akatenda kuti kutadza kufamba nhanho iyi kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kweupenyu hwese, kana kusakwanisa kuve nekuchengetedza mufaro, hutano, uye kuzadzisa hukama hwepabonde uye husiri hwepabonde semunhu mukuru.

Nhengo yekubereka

• Zera renji: 12 zvichikwira, kana kuyaruka kusvika parufu
• Erogenous nzvimbo: sikarudzi

Chikamu chekupedzisira mune dzidziso iyi chinotanga panguva yekuyaruka uye, se "Grey's Anatomy," haigume. Ndiyo apo libido inodzokorora zvakare.

Sekureva kwaFreud, apa ndipo apo munhu paanotanga kuve nechido chakasimba chepabonde kune vakomana kana vasikana.

Uye, kana danho rikabudirira, ndipo vanhu pavanoita bonde pabonde uye nekukudziridza rudo, hukama hwehupenyu hwese nemumwe munhu webonde.

Pane here kushoropodzwa kwekutarisa?

Dai iwe wanga uchiverenga kuburikidza nematanho akasiyana uye uchitenderedza maziso ako kuti hetero-centric, binaristic, misogynistic, uye monogamous-pfungwa dzedzimwe pfungwa idzi, hausi wega!

Dr.Dorfman vanoti Freud anogara achishoropodzwa nekuda kwekuti murume-anotarisisa, heteronormative, uye cis-centric aya matanho ari.

"Kunyange iri shanduko yenguva yayo, nzanga yakashanduka zvakanyanya kubva kwakatangira dzidziso idzi makore anopfuura zana apfuura," anodaro. "Dzidziso huru iyi ndeyechinyakare, haina basa, uye yakarerekera."

Asi usazviwana zvakamonyoroka, zvakadaro. Freud aive achiri akakosha zvakanyanya kumunda wepfungwa.

"Akasundira miganho, akabvunza mibvunzo, uye akatanga dzidziso iyo yakafuridzira uye yakadenha mazera akati kuti aongorore mativi akasiyana epfungwa dzevanhu," anodaro Dr. Mayfield.

"Hatingave tiri patiri nhasi mukati medzidziso dzedu dai Freud asina kutanga maitiro."

Hei, chikwereti uko chikwereti chakakodzera!

Saka, dzidziso iyi inomira sei muzuva ranhasi?

Nhasi, vashoma vanhu vanotsigira zvakasimba Freud's psychosexual matanho ekuvandudza sekunyorwa kwayakaitwa.

Zvisinei, sekutsanangura kunoita Dr.

Pane here dzimwe dzidziso dzekufunga nezvadzo?

"Ehe!" anodaro Dr. Mayfield. “Zvakawanda zvekusaverenga!”

Dzimwe dzedzidziso dzinozivikanwa zvakanyanya dzinosanganisira:

• Erik Erickson Matanho Ekuvandudza
• Zviitiko Zvikuru zvaJean Piaget zveBudiriro
• Nhanho dzaLawrence Kohlberg dzeMagariro Ekuvandudza

Izvo zvakati, hapana kuwirirana pane imwechete "kurudyi" dzidziso.

"Dambudziko nedzidziso dzekukura padanho nderekuti kazhinji vanoisa vanhu mubhokisi uye havabvumidze nzvimbo yemisiyano kana vatengesi," anodaro Dr. Mayfield

Imwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira kufunga nezvayo, saka zvakakosha kutarisa pfungwa imwe neimwe mumamiriro enguva yayo uye kune mumwe nemumwe zvakakwana.

"Nepo dzidziso dzepadenga dzingangobatsira pakunzwisisa mamaki ebudiriro parwendo rwekusimudzira, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kune zviuru zvevanhu vakasiyana vanobatsira mukukura kwemunhu," akadaro Mayfield.

Chinokosha

Ikozvino yaonekwa seyechinyakare, eFreud epfungwa dzechikadzi dzekusimudzira hadzichakoshe zvakanyanya.

Asi nekuda kwekuti iwo hwaro hwedzidziso zhinji dzemazuva ano dzebudiriro, ivo vanofanirwa-kuziva kune vanhu vakambozvibvunza kuti, "Ko munhu anosvika sei pakuva?"

Gabrielle Kassel ndeye New York-based bonde uye hukama munyori uye CrossFit Level 1 Mudzidzisi. Iye ave munhu wemangwanani, akaedzwa anopfuura mazana maviri vibrator, uye akadya, akadhakwa, uye nekukweshwa nemazimbe - zvese muzita rezvenhau. Munguva yake yemahara, anogona kuwanikwa achiverenga mabhuku ekuzvibatsira uye enganonyorwa dzerudo, kumanikidza bhenji, kana kutamba matanda. Mutevere pa Instagram.