Isu Takabvunza veAmerica nezve Hutano hwepabonde: Izvo Zvarinotaura Nezve Nyika Yezvepabonde Ed

Zvemukati

• Mhedziso
• Kuwana dzidzo
• Kudzivirira njovhera
• Zvekudzivirira kubata pamuviri zvisizvo
• Zivo nehunhu
• Kutsanangura kubvumidzwa
• Chii chinotevera?

Mhedziso

Iko hakuna mubvunzo kuti kupa kuenderana uye kwakaringana ruzivo rwehutano hwepabonde muzvikoro kwakakosha.

Kupa vadzidzi zviwanikwa izvi hakungobatsira chete kudzivirira kubata pamuviri pasingadiwe nekupararira kwezvirwere zvepabonde (STIs), asi zvinogona kubatsirawo kuchengetedza hupenyu hwese hwemunhu.

Asi mamiriro edzidzo yepabonde nekuziva mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeUnited States anotangira pane zvisina kurapa pakurapa kusvika pazvisipo.

Parizvino, nyika makumi maviri chete dzinoda kuti dzidzo yebonde neHIV ive "pachipatara, pachokwadi, kana pachokwadi," (nepo New Jersey iri nyika yechi21, yakasiyiwa kunze nekuti kurapa kwekurapa hakuna kunyatso kutaurwa mumutemo wenyika. inodikanwa neNJDE's Zvakakwana Hutano uye Dzidzo yePanyama).

Zvichakadaro, iyo dudziro yeiyo "yekurapa kwakaringana" inogona kusiyana nenyika.

Nepo mamwe matunhu angangoda kubvumidzwa kwehurongwa hweDhipatimendi rehutano, mamwe matunhu anotendera kuti zvinhu zviparadzirwe zvinoenderana neruzivo kubva kunzvimbo dzakaburitswa dzinoremekedzwa neindasitiri yezvokurapa. Uku kushomeka kwenzira dzakarongedzwa kunogona kutungamira mukuparadzirwa kwemashoko asiri iwo.

Healthline uye Sexuality Information uye Dzidzo Council yeUnited States (SIECUS), sangano rakazvipira kusimudzira dzidzo yezvebonde, vakaita ongororo yakatarisa mamiriro ehutano hwepabonde muUnited States.

Pazasi pane mhedzisiro.

Kuwana dzidzo

Muongororo yedu, yakatsvaga vanhu vanopfuura chiuru vemuAmerica, chete zvikamu gumi nezviviri zvevakabvunzwa makore makumi matanhatu zvichikwira vakagamuchira imwe dzidzo yepabonde kuchikoro.

Zvichakadaro, zvikamu makumi matatu nezvitatu chete zvevanhu vari pakati pemakore gumi nemasere kusvika makumi maviri nepfumbamwe vakashuma kuva nazvo.

Nepo vamwe vekare vaona kuti kuzvidzora-chete zvirongwa zvedzidzo zvisingadziviriri pakubata nhumbu kwevechidiki uye njovhera, kune nzvimbo zhinji muUnited States uko iyi ndiyo yega mhando yedzidzo yebonde yakapihwa.

Nyika dzakaita seMississippi dzinoda kuti zvikoro zvipe dzidziso yebonde sekurega-chete senzira yekurwisa nhumbu dzisingadiwe. Asi Mississippi ine imwe yemitengo yepamusoro yekubata kwevachiri kuyaruka, inzvimbo muna 2016.

Izvi zvinopesana neNew Hampshire, iyo ine yakaderera mwero wepamuviri wevechidiki muUnited States. Hurumende inodzidzisa hutano uye dzidzo yepabonde pamwe nedzidzo yakapihwa kuzvirwere zvepabonde kutanga muzvikoro zvepakati.

Kusvika pari zvino, makumi matatu neshanu uye Dunhu reColumbia zvakare rinotendera kuti vabereki vasarudze kuita kuti vana vavo vatore bonde.

Asi zvakadaro muongororo ya2017, iyo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yakawana kuti yevadzidzi vechikoro chesekondari vanga vatoita zvepabonde.

"Kana zvasvika pakusimudzira dzidzo yebonde, chipingamupinyi chikuru ndechechokwadi tsika yenyika yedu yekuda kudzivisa nhaurwa nezvebonde zvachose, kana kutaura chete nezvebonde nenzira dzisina kunaka kana zvinonyadzisa," anotsanangura kudaro Jennifer Driver, SIECUS 'State Policy Mutungamiriri.

"Zvakaoma kuve nechokwadi chehutano hwemumwe munhu pabonde uye kugara zvakanaka kana, kazhinji, tichishaya mutauro wakakodzera, wekusimbisa, uye usinganyadzise kutaura nezve bonde pakutanga," anodaro.

Kudzivirira njovhera

Muna 2016, dzinenge chikamu chimwe muzvina chezviitiko zvese zvitsva zveHIV muUnited States zvakaumbwa nevechidiki, maererano neCDC. Vanhu vane makore gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri nemana vanogadzirawo nyowani dzezvirwere zvepabonde dzakataurwa muUnited States gore rega.

Ndicho chikonzero nei zviri pamusoro peizvozvo mukuongorora kwedu - uko zera bracket 18 kusvika 29 yakaumba dzinoda kusvika makumi matatu muzana yevatori vechikamu vedu - pavakabvunzwa kuti HIV ingapararira nemate, anenge munhu mumwe pavanhu vaviri akapindura zvisina kunaka.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, United Nations Dzidzo, Sayenzi, uye Tsika Sangano (UNESCO) rakaburitsa chidzidzo chinotaura zvirongwa zvakakwana zvebonde (CSE) kwete chete zvakawedzera hutano pamwe nekugara kwevana nevechidiki, asi zvakabatsira kudzivirira Mukondombera neHIV. naizvo.

Mutyairi anodudza iyo Netherlands semuenzaniso mukuru wekubhadhara kubva kuzvirongwa zveCSE. Nyika inopa imwe yedzakanakisa epasirose dzidzo yepabonde nematanho ehutano anoenderana, kunyanya kana zvasvika kune njovhera uye kudzivirira Mukondombera.

Nyika inoda kosi yakazara yefundo yepabonde inotangira kupuraimari. Uye mhedzisiro yezvirongwa izvi inotaura pachayo.

Netherlands ine imwe yemitengo yakaderera yeHIV pa0,2 muzana yevakuru vane makore 15 kusvika 49.

Statistics inoratidzawo kuti zvikamu makumi masere nezvishanu kubva muzana zvevechiri kuyaruka munyika vakataura vachishandisa nzira dzekudzivirira kubata pamuviri panguva yavo yekutanga kusangana pabonde, nepo mwero wenhumbu dzekuyaruka wanga wakaderera, pa4,5 pavane makore gumi nemana vachiri kuyaruka

Kunyangwe Mutyairi achibvuma kuti United States haigone "kutora zviito zvese zvine chekuita nezvepabonde zvinoitika muNetherlands," inobvuma kuti zvinokwanisika kutarisa kune dzimwe nyika dziri kutora nzira yakafanana nemafungiro.

Zvekudzivirira kubata pamuviri zvisizvo

Kana zvasvika pakubata pamuviri, uye zvakanyanya kubata nenjodzi, chirongwa chedu chakawana kuti kune zvakawanda zvisirizvo pamusoro pekuti matanho ekudzivirira aya anoshanda sei.

Kuburitsa makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu muzana evatipindura havana kukwanisa kupindura nemazvo mazuva mangani mushure mekurara nekukurumidza kubata pamuviri. Vanhu vazhinji vakati zvaingoshanda kusvika mazuva maviri mushure mekuita bonde.

Muchokwadi, "mapiritsi emangwanani-akadai" sePlan B anogona kubatsira kumisa nhumbu dzisingadiwe kana ikatorwa kusvika pamazuva mashanu mushure mekuita bonde pamwe neanogona kuita 89 muzana kudzikira munjodzi.

Kumwe kusanzwisisana nezve zvekubata pamuviri zvekukurumidzira zvinosanganisira 34 muzana yeavo vakaferefetwa vachitenda kuti kutora mapiritsi anotevera mangwanani kunogona kukonzera kushaya mbereko, uye chikamu chimwe muzvina chevanopindura vachitenda kuti zvinogona kukonzera kubvisa pamuviri.

Kutaura zvazviri, makumi manomwe kubva muzana yeavo vakaongororwa havana kuziva kuti piritsi rinombomira kubuda mazai, izvo zvinodzivirira kuburitswa kwezai kuti riiswe mbeu.

Kunyangwe iyi fungidziro isiriyo nezve mashandiro emuromo ekudzivirira kubata pamuviri inyaya yechikadzi haina kujekeswa. Izvo zvinonzwisiswa, zvakadaro, ndezvekuti kuchine basa rinofanira kuitwa.

Kunyangwe Mutyairi achidudza Affordable Care Act semumwe muenzaniso wekusundira mahara uye anowanikwa ekudzivirira kuberekwa uye kudzivirira nhumbu, haana kugutsikana kuti izvi zvakakwana.

"Kusagadzikana kwetsika, sezvakaratidzwa nekurwa kwakati wandei kwepamutemo uye kuwedzerwa kwemakakatanwa eruzhinji - ayo, zvinosuwisa kuti akabatanidza kudzora nekubvisa nhumbu - zvinoratidza kuti nzanga yedu inoramba isina kugadzikana nekugamuchira zvizere kusangana pabonde kwevakadzi," anotsanangura

93 muzana yevapinduri vedu havana kukwanisa kupindura nemazvo mazuva mangani ekudzivirira kubata pamuviri kwechimbichimbi kuri kushanda.

Zivo nehunhu

Kana uchizvityora nehunhu, ndiani anonyanya kuziva kana zvasvika pabonde?

Yedu ongororo yakaratidza kuti 65 muzana yevakadzi vakapindura mibvunzo yese nenzira kwayo, nepo nhamba yevanotora chikamu vechirume yaive 57 muzana.

Kunyangwe izvi zviyero zvisina kushata zvakasikwa, chokwadi chekuti makumi matatu muzana evarume vakapinda muchirongwa vakatenda kuti vakadzi havagone kubata pamuviri panguva yavo kunoratidza kuti kuchine nzira dzekuenda - kunyanya kana zvasvika pakunzwisisa kusangana pabonde kwevakadzi.

“Tinofanirwa kuita a zvakawanda yebasa kushandura ngano dzakapararira, kunyanya dzakanangana nebonde revakadzi, ”anotsanangura kudaro Driver.

“Pachine mvumo yetsika yekuti varume vaite zvishuwo zvepabonde, nepo vakadzi vachisangana nemiviri miviri maererano nezvebonde ravo. Uye fungidziro iyi yamire kwenguva refu pasina mubvunzo yakonzera kusagadzikana kwakakomberedza miviri yevakadzi uye hutano hwevakadzi pabonde, "anodaro.

Kutsanangura kubvumidzwa

Kubva ku #MeToo kufamba kuenda kuChristine Blasey Ford kesi, zviri pachena kuti kugadzira kutaurirana kwakatenderedza uye kupa ruzivo nezve kubvumirana pabonde hakuna kumbove kwakakosha.

Zvakawanikwa kubva kuongororo yedu zvinoratidza kuti ndozvazvakaitawo. Pakati pevakabvunzwa vane makore gumi nemasere kusvika makumi maviri nepfumbamwe, zvikamu gumi neshanu muzana vaitenda kuti mumwe akakosha ane mvumo yekuita bonde.

Iri rakatarwa zera bracket raimiririra iro rakakura boka rine kusanzwisisa kushoma kuti chii chakaitwa semvumo.

Zvakare, chikamu chimwe muzvina chevose vakapindura vakapindura mubvunzo mumwe chete zvisirizvo, vamwe vachitenda kuti kubvumirwa kunoshanda kana munhu akati hongu kunyangwe achinwa, kana kana mumwe wacho asingatomboramba zvachose.

Izvi zvakawanikwa, sekureva kwazvingave zviri, hazvifanire kushamisika. Parizvino, nyika nhanhatu chete dzinoda kurairirwa kusanganisa ruzivo rwechibvumirano, anodaro Mutyairi.

Asi ongororo yeUNESCO yambotaurwa inoratidza zvirongwa zveCSE senzira inoshanda "yekupa vechidiki ruzivo uye hunyanzvi kuti vaite sarudzo dzakatarwa muhupenyu hwavo."

Izvi zvinosanganisira kuvandudza kwavo "kuongorora, kutaurirana, nehumwe hunyanzvi hwehupenyu kune hutano nekugara zvakanaka maererano ne… mhirizhonga inoenderana nevanhukadzi, kubvumidzwa, kushungurudzwa pabonde, uye zviito zvinokuvadza."

Pakati pevakabvunzwa vane makore gumi nemasere kusvika makumi maviri nepfumbamwe, gumi nemana muzana vakatenda kuti mumwe akakosha ane mvumo yekuita bonde.

Chii chinotevera?

Kunyangwe mhedzisiro yeongororo yedu ichiratidza kuti zvimwe zvinoda kuitwa maererano nekupa zvirongwa zveCSE muchikoro, kune humbowo hwekuti United States iri kufamba munzira kwayo.

Ongororo yePlanned Parenthood Federation of America yakaitwa gore rino yakaratidza kuti makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana evanogona kunge vavhoti vanotsigira dzidzo yepabonde kuchikoro chepamusoro, nepo 89 muzana vanoitsigira kuchikoro chepakati.

"Tiri pazera ramakore makumi matatu rekubata pamuviri pasingatarisirwi munyika ino uye nepasirose nhumbu pakati pevechidiki," akadaro Dawn Laguens, mutevedzeri mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wePlanned Parenthood.

"Dzidzo yebonde uye kuwana rubatsiro rwekuronga mhuri kwakakosha kubatsira vechidiki kuti vagare vakachengeteka uye vaine hutano - ino haisi nguva yekudzokera kumashure kufambira mberi."

Zvakare, SIECUS iri kutsigira marongero ayo angaite yekutanga-nguva yemubatanidzwa mari yemubhadharo wedzidzo yakakwana yehutano muzvikoro.

Ivo vari kushandawo kusimudzira ruzivo pamusoro pekudiwa kwekuwedzera nekuvandudza kuwanikwa kwevechidiki vanotarisirwa kune dzebonde uye dzekubereka hutano mabasa.

"Dzidzo yepamusoro yebonde-yechikoro inofanirwa kupa chokwadi uye nezvekurapa ruzivo runozadza nekuwedzera dzidzo yevatano inogamuchirwa nevana kubva kumhuri dzavo, zvitendero uye mapoka enharaunda, nevezvehutano," anotsanangura mutyairi.

“Tinogona kuwedzera ruzivo rwehutano hwepabonde kuvanhu ve zvese mazera nekungoribata senge chero chimwe chinhu chehutano. Tinofanirwa kusimbisa kuti kuita bonde chinhu chakakosha uye chakajairika pakuva munhu, ”vanowedzera.