Chii chinonzi Dambudziko Rekufunga?

Zvemukati

• Chii chinonzi kurongeka kwekufunga kusagadzikana?
• Mhando uye zviratidzo zvekufunga maitiro kusagadzikana
• Alogia
• Kuvharira
• Kugadzikana
• Kuchinja kana kushamwaridzana kushamwaridzana
• Derailment
• Kutaura kunokanganisa
• Echolalia
• Mamwe marudzi echirwere chekufunga
• Tinoziva here kuti chii chinokonzera kusagadzikana kwekufunga?
• Njodzi zvinhu zvekufunga maitiro kusagadzikana
• Nguva yekuona chiremba
• Kufunga kusagadzikana bvunzo uye kuongororwa
• Rorschach inkblot bvunzo
• Kufunga Kwekusagadzikana Index
• Kufunga kusagadzikana kurapwa
• Mishonga
• Psychotherapy
• Tora woenda nazvo

Chii chinonzi kurongeka kwekufunga kusagadzikana?

Kufunga kusagadzikana inzira isina kurongeka yekufunga inotungamira munzira dzisina kujairika dzekutaura mutauro kana uchitaura nekunyora. Icho chimwe chezviratidzo zvekutanga zvechichichiphrenia, asi chinogona kunge chiripo mune kumwe kusagadzikana kwepfungwa senge mania uye kushushikana.

Kufunga kusagadzikana ndeimwe yematambudziko akaomesesa epfungwa kuongorora uye kurapwa, sevanhu vazhinji vanoratidza zviratidzo zvekushushikana kwepfungwa dzimwe nguva. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuratidza kusagadzikana kwekufunga kana vakaneta chete.

Kune anopfuura makumi maviri subtypes ekufunga kusagadzikana. Muchikamu chino, tichaputsa zviratidzo zveimwe yemhando dzakajairika. Tichaongorora zvakare nzira dzekurapa dzinogona kukubatsira iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva kubata chirwere ichi.

Mhando uye zviratidzo zvekufunga maitiro kusagadzikana

Kufunga kusagadzikana kwakatanga kuoneka mumabhuku esainzi mune iyo, payakatanga kutsanangurwa sechiratidzo cheschizophrenia. Tsananguro yaro yakasununguka inguva yekukanganisa musangano uye kugadzirisa mazano.

Mhando yega yega yekushushikana kwekufunga ine zviratidzo zvakasiyana. Zvisinei, kukanganisa mukubatana kwemazano kuripo mumarudzi ese.

Kunyangwe hazvo zvakajairika kuti vanhu vazhinji varatidze zvimwe zvezviratidzo zvekusagadzikana kwekufunga pano neapo, kusagadzikana kwekufunga hakuenzaniswi kusvikira kukanganisa zvisizvo kugona kutaura.

Aya ndiwo mamwe emhando dzinojairika dzekushushikana kwekufunga:

Alogia

Vanhu vane alogia, inozivikanwawo sehurombo hwekutaura, vanopa mapfupi uye asina kurongeka mhinduro kumibvunzo. Vanhu vane chimiro cheichi chinetso chekufunga havawanzotaura kunze kwekunge vakurudzirwa. Alogia inowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vane dementia kana schizophrenia.

Kuvharira

Vanhu vane kufunga vachivharira vanowanzozvidzivirira ivo pachavo nekukurumidza pakati pemutongo. Ivo vanogona kumbomira kwemasekondi akati wandei kana maminetsi. Kana vatanga kutaura zvekare, vanowanzo chinja musoro wehurukuro. Kufunga kuvhara kunowanzoitika kune vanhu vane schizophrenia.

Kugadzikana

Vanhu vane mamiriro ezvinhu, inozivikanwawo sekufunga kwemamiriro ezvinhu, kana kutaura kwakasarudzika, zvinowanzo sanganisira zvakawandisa zvisina basa mukutaura kwavo kana kunyora. Ivo vanochengetedza yavo yepakutanga chitima chekufunga asi vanopa yakawanda isina basa ruzivo vasati vatenderera kudzokera kune yavo huru poindi.

Kuchinja kana kushamwaridzana kushamwaridzana

Munhu ane fungidziro yekuita maitiro anoita sarudzo yeshoko zvichienderana nezwi reizwi pane pane zvinoreva izwi. Vanogona kuvimba nekushandisa nhetembo, zvinyorwa zvese, kana puns uye vanogadzira mitsara isina musoro. Kuchinjanisa kufunga maitiro chiratidzo chakajairika chemania.

Derailment

Munhu ane derailment hurukuro inotaura mumaketani ezve semi-zvine hukama mazano. Mifungo yavo inowanzo kuwira kumberi uye mberi kubva kumusoro wehurukuro. Semuenzaniso, munhu ane derailment kufunga kusagadzikana anogona kusvetuka kubva mukutaura nezve tsuro kusvika kune vhudzi remusoro wavo kune juzi rako.

Kutaura kunokanganisa

Munhu ane chinokanganisa kutaura kufunga kusagadzikana ane dambudziko kuchengetedza musoro wenyaya. Ivo vanokurumidza kukurumidza pakati pemisoro uye vanovhiringidzwa neyemukati neyekunze zvinokurudzira. Inowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vane mania.

Semuenzaniso, mumwe munhu anoratidza kutaura kunokanganisa angangobvunza nekukasira kwawakawana ngowani yako pakati pemutsara uku achikuudza nezve zororo rapfuura.

Echolalia

Vanhu vane echolalia vanotambura kutaura. Vanowanzo dzokorora ruzha uye mazwi avanonzwa pane kutaura zvavanofunga. Semuenzaniso, panzvimbo yekupindura mubvunzo, vanogona kudzokorora mubvunzo.

Mamwe marudzi echirwere chekufunga

Iyo Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Gwaro rinonyora makumi maviri emhando dzepfungwa yekusagadzikana. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Paraphasic kukanganisa: kuramba uchidudzira zvisizvo kana kutsvedza kwerurimi
• Kutaura kwakamisikidzwa: kushandisa mutauro usina kujairika wakanyanyisa kurongeka kana wechinyakare
• Kutsungirira: zvinotungamira mukudzokororwa kwemazano uye mazwi
• Kurasikirwa kwechinangwa: kunetseka kuchengetedza musoro wenyaya uye kutadza kusvika padanho
• Neologism: kugadzira mazwi matsva
• Kusabatana: kutaura mumatanho anoita kunge akasarudzika emashoko, anozivikanwa se "izwi saradhi"

Tinoziva here kuti chii chinokonzera kusagadzikana kwekufunga?

Chikonzero chekusagadzikana kwekufunga hachizivikanwe. Kufunga kusagadzikana, asi zvinowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vane schizophrenia uye mamwe mamiriro ehutano hwepfungwa.

Chikonzero cheschizophrenia zvakare hachizivikanwe, asi zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvipenyu, majini, uye zvakatipoteredza zvinhu zvese zvinogona kubatsira.

Kufunga kusagadzikana kunotsanangurwa zvakasununguka uye zviratidzo zvinosiyana zvakanyanya, saka zvinonetsa kuti uwane chimwe chinokonzera chikonzero. Vatsvagiri vachiri nezve izvo zvinogona kutungamira kuzviratidzo zvekufunga kwekusagadzikana.

Vamwe vanotenda kuti zvinogona kukonzerwa neshanduko muzvikamu zvine chekuita nemitauro yehuropi, nepo vamwe vachifunga kuti zvinogona kukonzerwa nematambudziko muzvikamu zvakawandisa zvehuropi.

Njodzi zvinhu zvekufunga maitiro kusagadzikana

Kufunga kusagadzikana ndeimwe yeanotsanangura zviratidzo zvechichichiphrenia uye psychosis. Vanhu vane njodzi yakakwidziridzwa yekuvandudza kusagadzikana kwekufunga kana ivo vanewo:

• kusagadzikana kwepfungwa
• bipolar kusagadzikana
• kuora mwoyo
• zvinoshungurudza kukuvara kwehuropi
• kushushikana

Zvinoenderana nekutsvaga kubva muna2005, vanhu vane pfari vane njodzi yakawandisa yekuita schizophrenia uye psychosis zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwevanhu.

Kukuvara kunorwadza kwehuropi kwekuvandudza schizophrenia uye zvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa, senge kushushikana, bipolar kusagadzikana, uye kusagadzikana kwekushushikana.

Izvi zvinotevera njodzi zvinogona kuvewo njodzi dzechichichiphrenia, uye nekuwedzera, kusagadzikana kwepfungwa:

• kunetseka
• kushandiswa kwemishonga inoshandura pfungwa
• kuzvimba uye autoimmune chirwere
• kusangana nemishonga ine chepfu asati aberekwa

Nguva yekuona chiremba

Hazvishamisi kuti vanhu varatidze zviratidzo zvekusagadzikana kwekufunga pano neapo. Zvisinei, kana zviratidzo izvi zvakawandisa kana zvakakomba zvakakwana kukonzera matambudziko kutaurirana, ipfungwa yakanaka kutaura nachiremba.

Kufunga kusagadzikana kunogona kunge kuri chiratidzo chekusagadzikana kwepfungwa. Matambudziko mazhinji epfungwa senge schizophrenia ari kufambira mberi uye haavandudze pasina kurapwa. Nekudaro, vanhu vane kusagadzikana kwepfungwa havawanzo kuziva zviratidzo zvavo uye vanoda rubatsiro kubva kunhengo yemhuri kana shamwari.

Kana iwe ukaona chero zvimwe zviratidzo zvechichichiphrenia mune mumwe munhu waunoziva, ungangoda kuvakurudzira kuti vaone chiremba:

• kunyengera
• kuona zvisipo
• kufunga zvisina kurongeka kana kutaura
• kuregeredza hutsanana
• kushaya manzwiro
• kushayikwa kwechiso
• kubvisa kubva kumagariro hupenyu

Kufunga kusagadzikana bvunzo uye kuongororwa

Paunenge uchiongorora kusagadzikana kwekufunga, chiremba anoongorora huchenjeri hwemunhu, tsika, uye fundo kuti aone kana vari kuita zvisingaenderane.

Rorschach inkblot bvunzo

Iyo yakatanga kugadzirwa naHermann Rorschach muna 1921. Muedzo unoshandisa akateedzana gumi einblots kuona chinetso chekufunga kusagadzikana.

Iwo mainblots akajeka uye murwere anopa dudziro yeimwe neimwe. Nyanzvi inoongorora nezvepfungwa inozodudzira mhinduro dzemurwere kuti atsvage kufunga kunokanganisa.

Kufunga Kwekusagadzikana Index

Mushure mekuita murwere mukukurukurirana kwakavhurika, nyanzvi yezvokurapa inozonyora nhaurirano yacho uye yoimaka ichishandisa iyo yekufungidzira kusagadzikana index.

Iyo Thought Disorder Index, inonziwo Delta Index, ndiyo yekutanga yakayerwa bvunzo yekuziva kusagadzikana kwepfungwa. Izvo zviyero zvekukanganisa kufunga kwekufungidzira uye inorema kuomarara kweumwe neumwe pachiyero kubva zero kusvika kune imwe.

Kufunga kusagadzikana kurapwa

Kurapa kwekushushikana kwepfungwa kunokonzeresa mamiriro ehutano. Iwo maviri epamoyo marudzi ekurapa imishonga uye psychotherapy.

Mishonga

Mushonga weantipsychotic unogona kupihwa zvichienderana nechinokonzera kusagadzikana kwekufunga. Iyi mishonga inogona kuenzanisa uropi kemikari dopamine uye serotonin.

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy inobatsira vanhu kutsiva pfungwa dzavo nezvimwe zviripo uye nekuvadzidzisa nzira dzekutarisira chirwere.

Kufungisisa maitiro ekurapa, chimiro che psychotherapy, uye kugona kugadzirisa kurapwa kunogona kubatsira kune vanhu vane schizophrenia.

Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti munhu waunoda ane dambudziko rekufunga, vakurudzire kuti vatsvage kurapwa. Marapirwo anogona kunyatsogadzirisa zviratidzo zvekushushikana kwekufunga zviripo, uye chiremba anogona kubatsira kuona nzira yekurapa chaiyo zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu.

Tora woenda nazvo

Kufunga kusagadzikana inzira isina kurongeka yekufunga iyo inotungamira kune isina kujairika kutaura uye kunyora. Vanhu vane dambudziko rekufunga vane dambudziko kutaura nevamwe uye vanogona kunetseka kuziva kuti vane nyaya.

Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti mumwe munhu wepedyo ane dambudziko rekufunga, ipfungwa yakanaka kuvakurudzira kuti vaone chiremba nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona.