Chii chinonzi tibhii, mhando, zviratidzo uye kurapwa

Zvemukati

• Kurapwa kunoitwa sei
• Tuberculosis ine mushonga
• Zviratidzo zvikuru zvetibhii
• Maitiro ekuongororwa kunoitwa
• Kutapukira kwetibhii

Tuberculosis chirwere chinotapukira chinokonzerwa ne Mycobacterium tibhii, inozivikanwa seBochillus yaKoch, iyo inopinda mumuviri kuburikidza nemumhepo yekumusoro uye inogara mumapapu kana zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri, inoratidza extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nekuti panowanikwa hutachiona, tibhii inogona kuiswa muchikamu:

• Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Iyo ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa chirwere ichi uye inoitika nekuda kwekupinda kwebacillus munzvimbo yepamusoro yekufema uye pekugara mumapapu. Mhando yetibhii inoonekwa nekukosora kwakaomarara kana kusine ropa, kukosora ndiyo nzira huru yekutapurirana, sezvo madonhwe emate akaburitswa kuburikidza nechikosoro ane mabhakiri aKoch, anogona kutapurira vamwe vanhu.
• Miliary tibhii: Iyo ndeimwe yemhando dzakanyanya tibhii uye inoitika apo bacillus inopinda muropa uye inosvika panhengo dzese, iine njodzi yekubatwa nemumero. Pamusoro pemapapu ari kukanganiswa zvakanyanya, dzimwe nhengo dzinogona kukanganisika.
• Bone tibhii: Kunyangwe isiri yakajairika, inoitika kana bacillus ichikwanisa kupinda nekukura mumapfupa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa nekuzvimba, izvo zvisingawanzo kuongororwa uye kurapwa sechirwere chetubhi;
• Ganglionic tibhii: Inokonzerwa nekupinda kwebacillus muiyo lymphatic system, uye inogona kukanganisa ganglia yechipfuva, kugomera, mudumbu kana, kazhinji, mutsipa. Rudzi rwe extrapulmonary tuberculosis harutapuriranwe uye runogona kurapwa kana rwurapwa nemazvo. Nzwisisa chinonzi ganglion tibhii, zviratidzo, kutapuriranwa uye marapirwo anoitwa.
• Pleural tibhii: Inoitika apo iyo bacillus inokanganisa iyo pleura, tishu inoteedzera mapapu, zvichikonzera kuoma kwakanyanya mukufema. Rudzi rwe extrapulmonary tuberculosis harutapurirane, zvisinei runogona kuwanikwa kana ukasangana nemunhu ane pulmonary tuberculosis kana kuve shanduko yemapapu yetibhii.

Kurapwa kunoitwa sei

Kurapa chirwere cherurindi ndekwemahara, saka kana munhu achifungidzira kuti ane chirwere ichi, anofanira kuenda kuchipatara kana kunzvimbo yehutano nekukasika. Kurapa kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwetuberculostatic zvinodhaka kweinenge mwedzi mitanhatu yakateedzana kana maererano nehutungamiriri hwepulmonologist. Muzhinji, iyo regimen yekurapa inoratidzwa tibhii ndiko kusanganiswa kweRifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide uye Ethambutol.

Mumazuva gumi nemashanu ekurapwa, munhu wacho anofanira kunge ari oga, sezvo achiri kugona kuendesa bacillus yetibhii kune vamwe vanhu. Mushure menguva iyoyo unogona kudzokera kune zvaunowanzoita uye woenderera mberi uchishandisa mishonga. Nzwisisa mabatirwo anoita tibhii.

Tuberculosis ine mushonga

Tuberculosis inorapika kana kurapwa kwaitwa nemazvo zvinoenderana nezvakataurwa nachiremba. Iyo nguva yekurapa yakatenderedza mwedzi mitanhatu inoteedzana, zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe zviratidzo zvikanyangarika muvhiki rimwe chete, munhu anofanira kuramba achinwa mushonga kusvika mwedzi mitanhatu yapera. Kana izvi zvikasaitika, zvinogona kunge kuti tuberculosis bacillus haina kubviswa mumuviri uye chirwere chacho hachirapike, mukuwedzera, panogona kunge paine kusagadzikana kwebhakitiriya, izvo zvinoita kuti kurapwa kuome.

Zviratidzo zvikuru zvetibhii

Zviratidzo zvikuru zve pulmonary tuberculosis yakaoma uye inoramba ichikosora pamwe kana pasina ropa, kuonda, kurasikirwa nechido uye kunetseka kufema. Panyaya ye extrapulmonary tuberculosis, pangave nekushayikwa kwekuda kudya, kupfugama, husiku hweziya nefivha. Uye zvakare, zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka munzvimbo inowanikwa bacillus. Ona kuti ndezvipi zviratidzo zvikuru zvitanhatu zvetibhii.

Maitiro ekuongororwa kunoitwa

Kuongororwa kwepulmonary tuberculosis kunogona kuitwa nekuita chipfuva x-ray uye kuongorora sputum nekutsvaga tuberculosis bacillus, inonziwo BAAR (Alcohol-Acid Resistant Bacillus). Kuti uongorore extrapulmonary tuberculosis, biopsy yeiyo yakakanganiswa nyama inokurudzirwa. Iyo tuberculin yeganda bvunzo inogona zvakare kuitwa, inozivikanwawo seye tuberculin ganda bvunzo. Mantoux kana PPD, izvo zvisina kunaka mu1 / 3 yevarwere. Nzwisisa kuti PPD inoitwa sei.

Kutapukira kwetibhii

Kutapurirwa kwetibhii kunogona kuitika kuburikidza nemhepo, kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe munhu kuburikidza nekufema kwemadonhwe ane hutachiona anoburitswa kuburikidza nekukosora, kuhotsira kana kutaura. Kufambisa kunogona kuitika chete kana paine kubatika kwemapapu uye kusvika pamazuva gumi neshanu mushure mekutanga kwekurapwa.

Vanhu vane immune system inokanganiswa nezvirwere kana nekuda kwezera, vanosvuta uye / kana vanoshandisa zvinodhaka vane mukana wekutapukirwa nechirwere cherurindi bacillus votanga chirwere ichi.

Kudzivirira kwenzira dzakanyanya tibhii kunogona kuitwa kuburikidza nemushonga weBCG muhudiki. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinokurudzirwa kudzivirira nzvimbo dzakavharika, dzisina mweya wakakwana uye dzisina kusvibiswa nezuva, asi zvakakosha kuti ugare kure nevanhu vanoonekwa kuti vane tibhii. Ona kuti tibhii inopararira sei uye kuti ingadzivirirwe sei.