Ulcerative Colitis

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Ulcerative colitis chirwere chinoputira ura (IBD), iro rinowanzo rezvirwere zvinokonzeresa kuzvimba mumudumbu mudiki uye colon. Zvinogona kuve zvakaoma kuongorora nekuti zviratidzo zvacho zvakafanana nezvimwe kusagadzikana kwematumbo uye kune imwe mhando yeBD inonzi chirwere cheCrohn. Chirwere cheCrohn chakasiyana nekuti chinokonzera kuzvimba kwakadzika mukati memadziro emudumbu uye chinogona kuitika mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzegadziriro yekugaya kusanganisira dumbu diki, muromo, esophagus, uye mudumbu.

Ulcerative colitis inogona kuitika muvanhu vezera ripi zvaro, asi kazhinji rinotanga pakati pemakore gumi neshanu nemakumi matatu, uye zvishoma zvishoma pakati pemakore makumi mashanu nemakumi manomwe ezera. Inobata varume nevakadzi zvakaenzana uye inoita seinomhanya mumhuri, nemishumo inosvika makumi maviri muzana yevanhu vane ulcerative colitis vane nhengo yemhuri kana hama ine ulcerative colitis kana Crohn's disease. Chiitiko chepamusoro cheulcerative colitis chinoonekwa muVachena uye nevanhu vedzinza rechiJudha.

Zviratidzo

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zve ulcerative colitis marwadzo emimba uye manyoka ane ropa. Varwere zvakare vanogona kusangana

• Anemia
• Kuneta
• Kuonda
• Kupererwa nechido
• Rectal kubuda ropa
• Kurasikirwa kwemvura yemuviri uye kudya
• Zvironda zveganda
• Joint kurwadziwa
• Kukura kutadza (kunyanya muvana)

Inenge hafu yevanhu vakaonekwa kuti vane ulcerative colitis vane zviratidzo zvishoma. Vamwe vanorwara nefivha, manyoka ane ropa, kusvotwa, uye kurwadziwa zvakanyanya mudumbu. Ulcerative colitis inogonawo kukonzera matambudziko akadai searthritis, kuzvimba kweziso, chirwere chechiropa, uye osteoporosis. Hazvizivikanwe kuti sei matambudziko aya achiitika kunze kwekoloni. Masayendisiti anofunga kuti matambudziko aya anogona kunge ari mhedzisiro yekuzvimba kunokonzerwa ne immune system. Mamwe ematambudziko aya anoenda kana chirwere ichi chikarapwa.

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Zvinokonzera

Dzidziso zhinji dziripo nezve izvo zvinokonzeresa ulcerative colitis. Vanhu vane ulcerative colitis vane kusagadzikana kwema immune system, asi vanachiremba havazive kana izvi zvisina kujairika chiri chikonzero kana mhedzisiro yechirwere. Masoja emuviri anodzivirira zvirwere anotendwa kuti anoita zvisizvo kune mabhakitiriya ari mudumbu.

Ulcerative colitis haikonzerwi nekushushikana mupfungwa kana kunzwa kune zvimwe zvekudya kana zvigadzirwa zvekudya, asi zvinhu izvi zvinogona kukonzeresa zviratidzo kune vamwe vanhu. Kushungurudzika kwekugara uine ulcerative colitis kunogonawo kukonzera kuwedzera kwezviratidzo.

Kuongororwa

Miedzo yakawanda inoshandiswa kuongorora ulcerative colitis. Kuongorora kwemuviri uye nhoroondo yezvokurapa kazhinji danho rekutanga.

Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuitwa kutarisa anemia, iyo inogona kuratidza kubuda ropa mukoloni kana rectum, kana kuti inogona kuzarura huwandu hwemasero machena eropa, chiratidzo chekuzvimba pane imwe nzvimbo mumuviri.

Chigaro chechituru chinogona zvakare kuratidza maseru machena eropa, ayo kuvepo kwawo kunoratidza ulcerative colitis kana chirwere chinoputira. Uye zvakare, stool sampuro inobvumira chiremba kuti aone kubuda ropa kana hutachiona mukoloni kana rectum inokonzerwa nehutachiona, hutachiona, kana zvipembenene.

Colonoscopy kana sigmoidoscopy ndiyo nzira dzakanyatsoita dzekuongorora chirwere che ulcerative colitis uye kutonga- zvimwe zvinokwanisika mamiriro, seCrohn's disease, diverticular chirwere, kana cancer. Kune ese mabvunzo, chiremba anoisa endoscope-refu, inochinjika, yakavhenekerwa chubhu yakabatana nekombuta uye terevhizheni yeTV-mukati meiyo anus kuti uone mukati mekoloni uye rectum. Chiremba anozokwanisa kuona chero kuzvimba, kubuda ropa, kana maronda pamadziro emakoroni. Munguva yekuongorora, chiremba anogona kuita biopsy, iyo inosanganisira kutora sampuli yetishu kubva pamubhedha wekoloni kuti utarise ne microscope.

Dzimwe nguva x-rays senge barium enema kana CT scans inoshandiswa zvakare kuongorora ulcerative colitis kana matambudziko ayo.

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Kurapa

Kurapa kweulcerative colitis kunoenderana nekuoma kwechirwere. Munhu wega wega anosangana neulcerative colitis zvakasiyana, saka kurapwa kunogadziridzwa kune mumwe nemumwe.

Kurapa kwezvinodhaka

Chinangwa chekurapa zvinodhaka ndechekukurudzira nekuchengetedza kuregererwa, uye kusimudzira hupenyu hwevanhu vane ulcerative colitis. Mhando dzakawanda dzemishonga dziripo.

• Aminosalicylates, mishonga ine 5-aminosalicyclic acid (5-ASA), inobatsira kudzora kuputika. Sulfasalazine mubatanidzwa wesulfapyridine uye 5-ASA. The sulfapyridine component inotakura anti-inflammatory 5-ASA kusvika muura. Nekudaro, sulfapyridine inogona kutungamira kumhedzisiro senge kusvotwa, kurutsa, kuora moyo, manyoka, uye kutemwa nemusoro. Mamwe maA5-ASA vamiririri, senge olsalazine, mesalamine, uye balsalazide, vane mutakuri wakasiyana, mashoma mhedzisiro, uye anogona kushandiswa nevanhu vasingakwanise kutora sulfasalazine. 5-ASA inopiwa nemuromo, kuburikidza neenema, kana mune suppository, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekuzvimba mukoloni. Vanhu vazhinji vane unyoro kana mwero ulcerative colitis vanorapwa neboka iri remishonga kutanga. Iyi kirasi yemishonga inoshandiswawo muzviitiko zvekudzokazve.

• Corticosteroids senge prednisone, methylprednisone, uye hydrocortisone inoderedzawo kuzvimba. Inogona kushandiswa nevanhu vane mwero kusvika kune yakakomba ulcerative colitis kana vasingapindure kune 5-ASA zvinodhaka. Corticosteroids, inozivikanwawo seasteroid, inogona kupihwa nemuromo, mukati, kuburikidza neemaema, kana mune suppository, zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yekuzvimba. Iyi mishonga inogona kukonzeresa mhedzisiro senge kuwedzera uremu, acne, bvudzi kumeso, hypertension, chirwere cheshuga, kusanduka kwemamiriro, kupera kwemapfupa, uye njodzi yekuwedzera hutachiona. Neichi chikonzero, ivo havana kukurudzirwa kuti vashandise kwenguva refu, kunyangwe ivo vachifungidzirwa seanoshanda kwazvo kana zvatemerwa kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi.

• Immunomodulators senge azathioprine uye 6-mercapto-purine (6-MP) inoderedza kuzvimba nekukanganisa immune system. Iyi mishonga inoshandiswa kune varwere vasina kupindura 5-ASAs kana corticosteroids kana vanovimba necorticosteroids. Immunomodulators inoitwa nemuromo, zvisinei, ivo vanononoka-kuita uye zvinogona kutora kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu kubatsirwa kuzere kuchinzwikwa. Varwere vanotora mishonga iyi vanotariswa kune matambudziko anosanganisira pancreatitis, hepatitis, kuderedzwa kwemasero machena eropa, uye njodzi yakawedzera yekutapukirwa. Cyclosporine A inogona kushandiswa ne6-MP kana azathioprine kurapa inoshanda, yakakomba ulcerative colitis muvanhu vasingapindure kune intravenous corticosteroids.

Mimwe mishonga inogona kupihwa kuzorodza murwere kana kubvisa marwadzo, manyoka, kana hutachiona.

Dzimwe nguva, zviratidzo zvakakura zvakakwana zvekuti munhu anofanirwa kuiswa muchipatara. Semuenzaniso, munhu anogona kunge achibuda ropa zvakanyanya kana manyoka akanyanya anokonzeresa kushaya mvura mumuviri. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro chiremba anoedza kumisa manyoka uye kurasikirwa kweropa, mvura, uye mineral salt. Murwere angangoda chikafu chakakosha, kudyisa kuburikidza netsinga, mishonga, kana dzimwe nguva kuvhiyiwa.

Kuvhiya

Vanenge makumi maviri neshanu kusvika makumi mana muzana ezverceritis colitis varwere vanofanirwa kupedzisira vabviswa makoni nekuda kwekubuda ropa kwakanyanya, chirwere chakakomba, kuputika kwekoloni, kana njodzi yekenza. Dzimwe nguva chiremba anokurudzira kubvisa colon kana kurapwa kukakundikana kana kana mhedzisiro yemacorticosteroids kana zvimwe zvinodhaka zvichityisidzira hutano hwemurwere.

Kuvhiya kubvisa colon uye rectum, inozivikanwa seproctocolectomy, inoteverwa neimwe yeinotevera:

• Ileostomy, umo chiremba anovhiya anogadzira kaburi kadiki mudumbu, kanonzi stoma, uye kanonamira kumagumo kwetumbu diki, rinonzi ileum, kwariri. Tsvina inofamba nemudumbu mudiki uye kubuda mumuviri kuburikidza ne stoma. Iyo stoma ingangoita saizi yekota uye inowanzo kuve iri nechepazasi kurudyi chikamu chedumbu padhuze nebeltline. Homwe inopfekwa pamusoro peburi rinorasa, uye murwere anodurura homwe pazvinenge zvichidiwa.

• Ileoanal anastomosis, kana kudhonza-kuburikidza nekuvhiya, uko kunoita kuti murwere ave neakajairwa ura nekuti anochengetedza chikamu cheanus. Mukuvhiya uku, chiremba anovhiya anobvisa colon uye mukati me rectum, achisiya mamhasuru ekunze erectum. Chiremba anovhiya anonamira ileum mukati meiyo rectum neanus, achigadzira homwe. Tsvina inochengetwa muhomwe uye inopfuura nemu anus nenzira yakajairika. Kufamba kwematumbu kunogona kuwanda uye nemvura kupfuura pakutanga maitiro. Kuzvimba kwehomwe (pouchitis) ingangoita kusangana.

Matambudziko e ulcerative colitis

Inenge 5 muzana yevanhu vane ulcerative colitis vanoita kenza yekoloni. Ngozi yegomarara inowedzera nenguva yechirwere uye kuti colon yakakuvadzwa zvakadii. Semuenzaniso, kana chete iyo yakaderera koloni uye rectum irikubatanidzwa, njodzi yekenza haina kukwira kupfuura zvakajairwa. Nekudaro, kana colon yese ichibatanidzwa, njodzi yegomarara inogona kunge yakapeta 32 mwero wenguva dzose.

Dzimwe nguva shanduko dzinofungidzira dzinoitika mumaseru anonamira colon. Shanduko idzi dzinonzi "dysplasia." Vanhu vane dysplasia vanowanzoita kenza kupfuura avo vasina. Vanachiremba vanotarisa zviratidzo zvedysplasia pavanenge vachiita colonoscopy kana sigmoidoscopy uye kana vachiongorora zvinyama zvakabviswa panguva yekuedzwa.

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