Nei Njodzi Yezvekushandisa Dambudziko Kushungurudzika Yakakwira kune LGBTQ Vanhu

Zvemukati

• Yakakwira mwero yezvinetso zvekushandisa zvinodhaka
• Dzvinyiriro dzeKudada
• Kutsvaga rubatsiro uye kurapwa
• ‘Muitiro unoenderera mberi’

Anenge makore manomwe apfuura, "Ramone," makumi maviri nemasere, akati akazviwana ari mumamiriro "aaakange asina kumbofungidzira kare."

Akatamira kuNew York City achibva kunze kwenyika asina hukama hwakawanda kana basa, uye mubhedha wakashambira kubva kuimba neimba.

Pane imwe nguva kubhadhara rendi, akatendeukira kunoshanda seanoperekedza.

Zvino, pazuva rekuzvarwa kwake makumi maviri nerimwe, akaziva kuti akaonekwa aine hutachiona hweHIV. Pakupedzisira, akazviwana achigara munzvimbo yekugara isina guta.

Ramone, uyo aisada kuzivikanwa nezita rake rizere, anoti undercurrent yaimhanya panguva ino yekushanduka uye dambudziko yaive kuvimba nezvinhu.

Nepo kushandisa nzanga nekuvaraidza doro nembanje zvaisava zvipingamupinyi zvakanyanya kuhupenyu hwake hwezuva nezuva, anoti kupindwa muropa nekristal meth kwakava nzira huru yekukwanisa kurarama hwaaiti "hupenyu hune pundutso."

"Crystal meth yakaunzwa kwandiri nevanhu vasina hanya neni pamoyo," Ramone akaudza Healthline. “Ndichiri kuramba ndichitaurirana nevamwe vevanhu ava nanhasi, kamwe chete mumwedzi webhuruu vanouya. Ehe, ini ndinofunga nezve ‘maiwe zvangu, handifanire kuramba ndichikurukura navo.’ Asi ivo vaivapo apo ini ndaida pekugara, apo ini ndisina munhu, chero chikafu, pekugara. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti vakanga varipo. ”

Zvakaitika kuna Ramone hazvishamise kumamirioni avanhu vari muUnited States vanogara nekupindwa muropa nezvinetso zvekushandisa zvinodhaka.

Iyo 2017 National Ongororo Yezvekushandisa Zvinodhaka uye Hutano inoshuma kuti vanhu vanosvika mamirioni 18.7 vane makore gumi nemasere kana kupfuura vaive nedambudziko rekushandisa zvinodhaka muUnited States. Chirevo chimwe chete chakaona kuti vanhu vatatu pavanhu vasere vese vanonetseka nekuvimba ne "zvinodhaka zvisiri pamutemo," vanenge vatatu muvana vanorarama nekunwa doro, nepo munhu mumwe muvanhu vapfumbamwe achisangana nekupindwa muropa nezvinodhakwa.

Pamusoro pezvo, nyaya yaRamone inogona kumisikidza nods yekucherechedzwa kubva kune chimwe chikamu chevanhu: LGBTQ vanhu.

Semunhu anozvizivisa nhengo yenharaunda yeGBBTQ, zvakaitika kuna Ramone zvinoratidza huvepo hwakanyanya hwezvinetso izvi pakati peve LGBTQ vekuAmerica.

Nei idzi nyaya dzichijairika munharaunda huru yeGBBTQ?

Dzidzo dzakawanda uye basa kubva kuvapi vemazano nevamiriri mumunda vakaedza kupindura uyu mubvunzo wakaoma kwemakore. Kubva pakatarisa "gay bar" senzvimbo yakachengeteka yekuungana kweLBBTQ kune dzvinyiriro dzetsika dzinogona kusiya vanhu munharaunda ino vanonyanya kubatwa nedambudziko rekushandisa zvinodhaka, inyaya yakaoma, ine makona mazhinji.

Kuna Ramone, uyo parizvino ari kurarama hupenyu hwakadzikama, nevamwe vakaita saiye anozvizivisa seLGBTQ, kurwira kusingagumi kwakadzika midzi mune zvakawanda zvakadzika zvinhu.

Yakakwira mwero yezvinetso zvekushandisa zvinodhaka

MunaNdira, tsvagiridzo yakaburitswa muLBBT Hutano yakanongedzera kumatunhu akasarudzika ezvinetso zvekushandisa zvinodhaka pakati pevanhu vari munharaunda yeGBBTQ.

Dare rekutsvaga kubva kuYunivhesiti yeMichigan rakatarisa 2012-2013 dhata kubva kuNational Epidemiological Survey pamusoro peDoro uye Zvakabatana Mamiriro-III. Pakati pevanhu vakuru makumi matatu nemazana matatu nemakumi matatu nevasere vakaongororwa, vangangoita zvikamu zvitanhatu kubva muzana vakawira pasi pechikamu che "vashoma pabonde," zvichireva kuti havana kuratidza kuti ndevepabonde.

Vatsvagiri vakaona kuti vanhu vanoziva sevarochani kana ngochani vaipeta zvakapetwa kaviri sevanhu vaizivikanwa sevanhurume nevanhukadzi kuti vave nedoro "rakakomba" kana kusagadzikana kwekushandisa fodya, nepo vanhu vaizivikanwa sevane bondexual vaigona katatu kuwana izvi mhando yechinhu chekushandisa kusagadzikana.

Vaya vaive vasina chokwadi maitiro ekuziva kwavo kuzivikanwa pabonde vaive nekashanu mukana wekuve nechinodhaka chekushandisa pane vanhu vanoita bonde.

"Tinoziva kuti vanhu veLGB (ngochani, ngochani uye bondexual) vane huwandu hwakanyanya hwekushandisa zvinodhaka, asi ichi ndicho chidzidzo chekutanga kunyora kuomarara kwedambudziko rekushandisa doro, kusagadzikana kwekushandisa fodya, uye kusagadzikana kwekushandisa zvinodhaka kunoenderana nehurongwa hwekuongorora (DSM) -5) tichishandisa muenzaniso wevamiriri veUS, ”munyori anotungamira Carol Boyd, PhD, RN, purofesa paYunivhesiti yeMichigan Chikoro cheNursing, akaudza Healthline.

Boyd akatsanangura kuti zvidzidzo zvakapfuura zvaive zvishoma zvishoma. Semuenzaniso, avo vanoita irworwu tsvagurudzo vaiwanzotora varume ngochani mumabhawa uye vachivabvunza nezve kwavo kushandisa zvinodhaka uye doro kushandisa.

Akati zvimwe zvidzidzo zvekare zvaizongotarisa pane doro uye hapana zvimwe zvinodhaka kana zvimwe zvinodhaka.

Zvisinei, chakaita kuti chidzidzo ichi chive chakasarudzika ndechekuti chakanangana nedoro, fodya, uye zvinodhaka.

Kudzidza kwaBoyd kune mapofu ayo. Semuenzaniso, pane zvimwe zvinokatyamadza kubva pane LGBTQ chirevo.

Boyd akacherekedza kuti kudzidza kwake hakuna kuongorora nhengo dzenharaunda yevanopinda, achichiidza "chinzvimbo chakakosha" mukutsvagisa icho "chinofanira kuzadzwa nekuferefeta mune ramangwana."

Akawedzera, "Mune ramangwana, zvidzidzo zvinofanirwa kubvunza vakapindura nezvebonde ravakapihwa pakuzvarwa, uye kana izvi zvichienderana nehunhu hwavo," akawedzera.

Nepo kudzidza kwaBoyd kusina kuongorora kusagadzikana kwekushandisa kwezvinhu muhuwandu hwevanhu, vamwe vashoma vane.

Imwe ongororo ichangoburwa yakawana kuti data kubva ku2013-2015 California Health Kids Survey (CHKS) yakaratidza vadzidzi ve transgender vaive vangangoita ka2 1/2 nguva yekushandisa zvinodhaka senge methamphetamines uye cocaine kupfuura avo vecisgender vezera ravo.

Heather Zayde, LCSW, muBrooklyn-anoshanda mukiriniki mushandi wezvemagariro uye chiremba wezvepfungwa, akaudza Healthline kuti kune vechidiki munharaunda yeGBBTQ, mukana wekunetseka kwekushandisa zvinodhaka ndekwechokwadi.

"Kune vechidiki ava, pane kutya kukodzera munharaunda yavanogona kuona kuti iri kuvaramba," akadaro Zayde. “Pakave nebasa rakawanda riri kufamba negwara, nekugamuchirwa kwevanhu vese, asizve kune mameseji kubva kumutungamiriri wenyika, semuenzaniso, apo vana vari kunzwa zvinhu zvinotyisa zvinouya kubva kuhutungamiriri - zvakaoma zvikuru, kunyanya kune avo vana vasingakodzeri. ”

Akaratidza kuti vechidiki ava vanowanzo kutya kusatambirwa nevari padyo navo, kubva kumhuri dzavo kusvika kune vezera ravo. Kune vana ava, hapana "kutiza kubva pakutya" kwekurambwa, uye kazhinji zvinhu zvinogona kuve nyore "kuenda-kwavari" kuti vabatsire kudzora manzwiro avo.

Dzvinyiriro dzeKudada

Chikumi 2019 inoratidzira makore makumi mashanu emakore emhirizhonga yeStonewall Inn muNew York City, inguva yekushomeka munhoroondo yeLBBTQ iyo, muchidimbu, yakakurudzira makumi emakore ekuonekwa nekuratidzira munharaunda yeLBBTQ.

Anongovhara kubva kuStonewall, Joe Disano anoshanda semupi wezvekushungurudza zvinodhaka kuLesbian, Gay, Bisexual uye Transgender Community Center (inozivikanwa seThe Center) muNew York City muWest Village.

Disano akataura kare kuti vanhu vazhinji veLBBTQ vaifunga kuti "vakashurikidzwa munharaunda" vakawana nzvimbo dzakachengeteka munzvimbo dzehusiku nemumabhawa.

Icho chinhu icho mugari weNew York City "Maka," makumi mana nemaviri, uyo aishuvira kuzivikanwa nezita rake rizere, anonzwisisa zvese.

Iye zvino achirarama yakazara 2 1/2 makore ekudzora kubva mukushandisa zvinodhaka uye doro, Mark, anova ngochani, anoyeuka manzwiro aakaita paakatanga kuenda kumabhara evarume vechidiki semunhu mukuru wechidiki.

Pakutanga kubva kuCincinnati, Ohio, Mark akati akatanga kubuda kwaari segayari mushure mekunge apedza chikoro chesekondari. Vakati kuchechi kwavo kwaive neboka revanhu vanoita zvechingochani uko vechidiki vaigona kuungana nekunzwa kuchengetedzeka, asi paakakura, akanyengerera kuenda "kwaive nevamwe ngochani - bhawa."

"Saka, makore makumi maviri anotevera kana zvakadaro, chandaingoziva ndechekuti kana iwe uri ngochani, unoenda kumabhawa uye makirabhu," akadaro Healthline. “Kwemakore, wakangobatwa chete. Iwe hauna sarudzo. Zvakaita sekuti 'uri ngochani, heuno bhodhoro, heino bhegi.' ”

Akataura izvozvi kuti ave kupora, ave nekuziva kuti hupenyu hwapfuura hwemagariro hwaitenderedza zvinodhaka nedoro ndizvo zvakamubatsira kunzwa chiveve.

Muchiitiko chaMark, kuenda kuburikidza nehupenyu semurume ngochani kwaireva kukwevera kwakatenderedza mukwende wepamoyo wakavigwa mushana yake - kushushikana uye kushungurudzika kubva pakudheerera nekurambwa.

Vakati vanonzwa ichi chinhu chingakonzeresa vanhu vazhinji veLBBTQ vakaita saiye kuti vashandure kushandisa zvinodhaka kuti vatize kurwadziwa kwavo kwechinguva.

"Vanhu vese vane marwadzo ekurwadziwa avanotakura, asi ndinofunga kuve ngochani kana kumeso, pane zvinhu zvatakatakura. Senge, kune dzimwe nzira, asi hautsvage, unoenda kukirabhu, unoenda kubhawa, saka ndinonzwa kuti ndizvo chete zvaunoita, zvinoparadza chaizvo, ”akadaro.

KunaMark zvese izvi zvekunwa uye kushandisa zvinodhaka zvakawedzera kuita pfungwa yekuremerwa zvakanyanya, ndokusvika padanho rekufunga kuzviuraya rakava "kufunga".

Akayeuka kuti, mushure meimwe vhiki yevhiki yekukirabhu, akafunga kutsvaga rubatsiro. Akaenda kumusangano kuThe Center muNew York, ndokurohwa nenyaya yekuti akasangana nevamwe ngochani avo vaisada “kundidhakisa kana kumushayisa zvinodhaka [uye vaingova] vachiedza kutsvaga nzira yekubuda neizvi, zvakare. ”

Maka akataura kuti rimwe rematambudziko ake makuru mukuda kurarama hupenyu hwekusazvidzora kwaiuya nekuenderana nemaitiro akajairwa ekushandisa zvinodhaka muhupenyu hwake uye kuti maonero ake "akakanganiswa."

Kwaari, chikamu chekurarama hupenyu hwakadzikama kwaireva kudzidza kuti humwe hunhu hwaakasvika pakubvuma sechikamu che "chaihwo" husiku hwainge husiri hunhu chaihwo.

"Semuenzaniso, mumwe munhu akawandisa muyadhi yekutamba, ndingadai ndakafunga kuti zvakajairika, sekunge ndaifanirwa kudzidza zvakare zvaive zvisina kujairika kuti vanhu vange vachiwedzeredza uye vachiwira kumeso kwavo, uye voenda vasingazivi. Zvakanditorera kuva mukupora kudzidza kuti 'o, izvo hazvina kujairika,' akadaro Mark.

Zvino, Maka akati anotenda nemaonero ake matsva uye kugona kusangana nevanhu padanho repamusoro vasina zvinodhaka kana doro.

"Yemukati haidi kuenda kunodhakwa husiku hwese," akadaro nezvezano raaizopa iye mudiki. “Zvinoda basa kuti utarise 'iwe.'”

Kutsvaga rubatsiro uye kurapwa

Craig Sloane, LCSW, CASAC, CSAT, chiremba wezvepfungwa uye kiriniki mushandi wezvehutano anoziva izvo zvakaita kune vese kubatsira vamwe kuburikidza nekupora kwavo uye kutsvaga rubatsiro kwaari. Semurume anozvizivisa ngochani kuti apore, Sloane akati zvakakosha kuti usapende zviitiko zveumwe neumwe mubrashi rakakura.

“Munhu wese akasiyana nevamwe. Iwe haugone kunyepedzera kuziva mamiriro ezvinhu emunhu wese, asi nenzira yakajairika, ndinofunga kuti kungova netsitsi yezviitiko zvekuziva kuti zvakaoma sei kukumbira rubatsiro, uye kuva neruzivo pachangu mukuziva kuti kupora zvinogoneka, zvinonditendera kuti ndipfuure imwe tariro, ”akadaro Sloane.

Nehunyanzvi, akati haagovane nhoroondo yake nevanhu vaanoshanda navo, asi akawedzera kuti zviitiko zvake zvinogona kubatsira kuzivisa kwake kunzwisisa kwezvavari kusangana nazvo.

Sloane akadzokorora Maka naDisano kuti kukura uye kusvika pakuva munhu mukuru uine hunhu hweGBBTQ kunogona kusiya vamwe vanhu vane imwe nhanho yekuzvidya mwoyo nekushushikana.

"Kushungurudzika kwakabatana nechinyadzo munharaunda yekuve LGBTQ, yekugara mutsika iyo, kazhinji, kuvenga ngochani uye ngochani, zvinoshungurudza," akatsanangura Sloane. "Kubva pazviitiko zvekushungurudzwa nekurambwa neshamwari nemhuri, izvo zvinoshungurudza zvinosuruvarisa zvichiri zvechokwadi mu2019. Munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika, nzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzekuti vanhu vekumukira vaende mabhawa, saka kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe ndeimwe ndizvo zvinokonzera kushungurudzwa kwekushandisa zvinodhaka kwevanhu veGBBTQ. ”

Akawedzera kuti kune nhengo dzemunharaunda ye transgender, kunyanya, kurambwa uye kuzviparadzanisa nevezera uye mhuri zvinogona kuve zvakakwirira. Zvese zviitiko izvi zvinopa ku "kushushikana kwevashoma," zvakatsanangurwa neSloane semazinga epamusoro ekunetseka anonzwikwa nemapoka akasarudzika, zvichisiya vazhinji veLGBTQ vanhu vachinetseka nekushandisa zvinodhaka.

Dr.Alex S. Keuroghlian, MPH, director wezvirongwa zvekudzidzisa uye zvekudzidzisa kuThe Fenway Institute uye mutevedzeri purofesa wezvepfungwa paHarvard Medical School, akati vanhu veLGBTQ vari kutsvaga kurapwa vanogona kunetseka kuwana nzvimbo inosanganisirwa yehutano.

"Kupindwa muropa kurapwa kunofanirwa kuve kunoenderana nevanhu veLGBTQ," akadaro. "Tinofanirwa kupa mashoma maitiro ekurapa kushushikana mune nzira dzine humbowo. Vanopa vanofanirwa kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa kurapwa kuzvinhu zvakaita sekusagadzikana kweopioid pakati pevanhu veLBBTQ, semuenzaniso. ”

Pamusoro pezvo, akataura kuti vanopa zvekurapa vanofanirwa kunyatsonzwisisa kuti vatyairi vekupindwa muropa vakasungwa sei kushushikana kudiki.

Keuroghlian akawedzera kuti zvinhu zvakagadzirisika mune dzimwe nzira, asi zvimwe zvichiri kuda kuitwa kuti zviitwe sisitimu yehutano. Muchokwadi, kudonha uku, akati akumbirwa kuti ataure muTennessee nezve kugadzirisa dambudziko reopioid munharaunda yeGBBTQ.

"Tennessee inyika umo vanhu vangangotarisira kuona kufarira kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa munzvimbo ino, asi rudzi urwu rwechinhu rwuri kuitika kutenderera nyika, pane basa guru riri kuitwa risinganzwikwe nemunhu," akatsanangura.

Francisco J. Lazala, MPA, murongi wezvirongwa, kesi manejimendi kuHarlem United, nzvimbo yemunharaunda yehutano muNew York City, vakati kune vechidiki veLGBTQ kunze uko vanoda dzimba nekuchengetwa kwehutano kupfuura huwandu hwezvirongwa zvakabhadharwa zvakanaka izvo zvinogona kubatsira kupindura zvavanoda.

Lazala akati Harlem United inonyanya kushandira vechidiki vevara uye nhengo dzemapoka akasarudzika avo vanouya kwaari vachitsvaga rutsigiro uye chengetedzo.

Vazhinji vevechidiki vaanoshanda vaine ruzivo rwekushaya pekugara uye kupindwa muropa.

Vakati dzimwe nyaya dzinokurudzira kupfuura dzimwe.

Svondo rimwe chetero nehurukuro yake naHealthline, Lazala akati musikana wechidiki waaishanda naye akauya kuzomuona. Akange ave kugara nedoro rekudhakwa munguva yakapfuura. Akaburitsa pachena kuti achangosiya doro, akaona kuti aive neHIV.

"Mwoyo wangu wakango rova," akadaro. "Zvinosuruvarisa kuona vechidiki ava [vachirova mhando dzemigwagwa iyi uye] kune mashoma masevhisi kune [vechidiki vane HIV]."

‘Muitiro unoenderera mberi’

Makumi mashanu emakore mushure meStallwall, Lazala akaona zvichishamisa kuti nzvimbo dzaimbove nzvimbo uye nzvimbo dzakachengeteka - senzvimbo yeWest Village padhuze neStonewall neNew York's The Center - dzave "dzakapepetwa," uye dzisinganyanyi kugamuchira vaenzi vechidiki veLGBTQ vane ruvara. kutsvaga nzvimbo dzinogona kuvadzivisa kubva pamishonga uye doro.

Ramone anonyatsoziva nezve basa raRazala. Akauya kuHarlem United paakanga achishaya pekugara uye akapa rubatsiro uye rutsigiro rwaakawana ipapo nekumudzosa netsoka dzake.

“Ndanga ndichitandara neboka risiri iro, zvinhu zvakatoipa zvakanyanya maererano nekuzviwana ndichishandisa zvinodhaka, ndichitandara nevanhu vaitengesa zvinodhaka. Zvese zvakangoerekana zvaitika, ndanga ndichiita zvinhu zvandisingade kuita. Ini ndanga ndisinganzwe kudiwa, ndanga ndisina kugadzikana, ”akadaro.

Nezve kurarama nekushandisa zvinodhaka, Ramone akati zvakakosha kuti vanhu vazive kuti haisi "kumira uye kuitiswa nemamiriro ezvinhu."

"Ichinoenderera mberi," akadaro. "Nerombo rakanaka, ndakatsunga kwazvo."

Maka akati anofara nekuti anogona "kupinda" zvakanyanya iye zvino nekuti ave kupora.

"Nharaunda inodzoreredza inharaunda iri kuramba ichikura, vanhu vazhinji vekumukira vari kumuka nezvayo," akadaro Mark. “Ndinofunga kuti ngochani yakakosha chaizvo. Zvakaoma kana iwe usingakwanise kubaya mune iyo hunyanzvi kana iwe wakadhakwa. Uye mukushushikana iwe unosvika pakubaya mune izvo zvese, iwe unosvika pakushanda mweya wako uye kushanda kuburikidza nezvakawanda zvezvatiri kutakura zvakapoterera. "Iyi inzvimbo inonakidza kuve."