Chirwere chemapapu

Chirwere chemapapu chinetso chero chipi zvacho mumapapu chinotadzisa mapapu kushanda nemazvo. Kune matatu makuru marudzi ehosha yemapapu:

1. Zvirwere zvemumhepo - Izvi zvirwere zvinokanganisa machubhu (airways) anotakura oxygen nemamwe magasi kupinda nekubuda mumapapu. Ivo vanowanzo kukonzera kudzikisira kana kuvharika kwenzira dzemhepo. Zvirwere zvemumhepo zvinosanganisira asthma, COPD uye bronchiectasis. Vanhu vane zvirwere zvemumhepo vanowanzo taura kuti vanonzwa sekunge vari "kuedza kufema kunze nesadza."
2. Zvirwere zvemapapu - Izvi zvirwere zvinokanganisa chimiro chemapapu emapapu. Kuora kana kuzvimba kwenyama kunoita kuti mapapu asakwanise kuwedzera zvizere (inorambidza chirwere chemapapu). Izvi zvinoita kuti zviome kuti mapapu atore oxygen uye abudise carbon dioxide. Vanhu vane rudzi urwu rwechirwere chemapapu vanowanzo taura kuti vanonzwa sekunge vari "kupfeka juzi rakanyanya-rakasimba kana bhandi." Nekuda kweizvozvo, havagone kufema zvakadzama. Pulmonary fibrosis uye sarcoidosis mienzaniso yechirwere chemapapu.
3. Zvirwere zvekupararira kwemapapu - Zvirwere izvi zvinokanganisa tsinga dzeropa mumapapu. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nekugwamba, vanga, kana kuzvimba kwemitsipa yeropa. Dzinokanganisa kugona kwemapapu kutora okisijeni uye kusunungura carbon dioxide. Izvi zvirwere zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwemoyo. Muenzaniso wechirwere chemapapu chinotenderera chirwere chemapapu. Vanhu vane aya mamiriro vanowanzo kunzwa kushomeka kwekufema kana vachizvishandira.

Zvirwere zvakawanda zvemapapu zvinosanganisira musanganiswa weaya matatu marudzi.

Zvirwere zvakajairika zvemapapu zvinosanganisira:

• Asima
• Kupunzika kwechikamu kana yese yemapapu (pneumothorax kana atelectasis)
• Kuzvimba uye kuzvimba muzvikamu zvikuru (bronchial tubes) zvinotakura mweya kumapapu (bronchitis)
• COPD (chisingaperi obstructive pulmonary chirwere)
• Kenza yemapapu
• Utachiona hwemapapu (pneumonia)
• Asina kujairika anovakwa emvura mumapapu (pulmonary edema)
• Yakavharwa mapapu arteri (pulmonary embolus)

• Chisingaperi obstructive pulmonary chirwere - vanhu vakuru - buditsa
• COPD - kudzora zvinodhaka
• COPD - inokurumidza-kununura zvinodhaka

• Pulmonary mashoma - padivi maonero chest x-ray
• Lung mass, kurudyi mapapu - CT scan
• Lung mass, kurudyi kwepamusoro - mapapu x-ray
• Mapapu ane squamous cell cancer - CT scan
• Chechipiri utsi uye kenza yemapapu
• Yera nzwara chirwere
• Kufuridzira system

Kraft M. Nzira kune murwere ane chirwere chekufema. Mune: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Mushonga. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 77.

Reid PT, Innes JA. Mishonga yekufema. Mune: Ralston SH, Penman ID, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Misimboti yaDavidson uye Maitiro Ekurapa. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 17.