Mitral stenosis

Mitral stenosis chirwere umo mitral vharuvhu isingavhure zvakakwana. Izvi zvinotadzisa kuyerera kweropa.

Ropa rinoyerera pakati pemakamuri akasiyana emoyo wako rinofanira kuyerera kuburikidza nevhavha. Iyo vharuvhu iri pakati pemakamuri maviri kuruboshwe rwemoyo wako inonzi mitral vharafu. Inovhura zvakakwana kuti ropa riyerere richibva mukamuri yepamusoro yemoyo wako (kuruboshwe atria) kuenda kukamuri repasi (kuruboshwe ventricle). Inobva yavhara, ichichengetedza ropa kubva kuyerera richidzokera kumashure.

Mitral stenosis zvinoreva kuti vharafu haigone kuvhura zvakakwana. Nekudaro, shoma ropa rinoyerera kumuviri. Iyo yepamusoro yemukati kamuri inozvimba sekumanikidza kuri kuwedzera. Ropa uye mvura inozobva yaunganidzwa mumapapu emapapu (pulmonary edema), zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kufema.

Muvanhu vakuru, mitral stenosis inowanikwa kazhinji muvanhu vane rheumatic fever. Ichi chirwere chinogona kukura mushure mekurwara ne strep huro isina kurapwa zvakanaka.

Zvinetso zvevhavha zvinokura makore mashanu kusvika gumi kana kupfuura mushure mekuve nerheumatic fever. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusaratidza kwenguva yakareba. Rheumatic fever iri kuve isingawanzoitika muUnited States nekuti hutachiona hwehutachiona hunowanzo kurapwa. Izvi zvakaita kuti mitral stenosis isanyanya kuitika.

Kazhinji, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera mitral stenosis muvanhu vakuru. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• MaCalcium anoisa achiumba akapoterera mitral vharafu
• Radiation kurapwa kuchipfuva
• Mimwe mishonga

Vana vanogona kuzvarwa vaine mitral stenosis (congenital) kana zvimwe zvinokanganisa kuberekwa zvinosanganisira moyo unokonzeresa mitral stenosis. Kazhinji, kune zvimwe zvinokanganisa moyo zviripo pamwe ne mitral stenosis.

Mitral stenosis inogona kumhanya mumhuri.

Vakuru vanogona kunge vasina zviratidzo. Nekudaro, zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka kana kuwedzera kuipa nekurovedza muviri kana chimwe chiitiko chinokwidza kurova kwemoyo. Zviratidzo zvinowanzo kukura pakati pemakore makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kutanga nechikamu cheatrial fibrillation (kunyanya kana ichikonzera kukurumidza kwemoyo). Zviratidzo zvinogona zvakare kukonzerwa nepamuviri kana kumwe kushushikana pamuviri, sekutapukirwa mumoyo kana mumapapu, kana kumwe kushushikana kwemoyo.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Chest kusagadzikana kunowedzera nebasa uye kunowedzera kune ruoko, mutsipa, shaya kana dzimwe nzvimbo (izvi hazviwanzoitika)
• Kukosora, pamwe neropa reropa
• Kunetseka kufema panguva kana mushure mekurovedza muviri (Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chinowanzoonekwa.)
• Kumuka nekuda kwematambudziko ekufema kana pakarara panzvimbo yakati sandara
• Kuneta
• Kakawanda kutapukirwa nehutachiona, senge bronchitis
• Kunzwa kwekurova kwehana kurova (palpitations)
• Kuzvimba kwetsoka kana makumbo

Muvacheche nevana, zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zviripo kubva pakuberekwa (kuberekwa). Izvo zvinongogara zvichikura mukati memakore maviri ekutanga ehupenyu. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Kukosora
• Kudya zvisina kunaka, kana kudikitira kana uchidya
• Kukura kwakashata
• Kufema kwekufema

Anopa hutano anoteerera kune moyo nemapapu ne stethoscope. Kugunun'una, kurira, kana imwe yemoyo isina kujairika kurira kunogona kunzwika. Iyo yekugunun'una ndeye ruzha ruzha runonzwika pamusoro pemwoyo panguva yekuzorora kwechikamu chemoyo. Ruzha runowanzoita ruzha moyo usati watanga kubatika.

Iyo bvunzo inogona zvakare kuratidza isina kujairika kurova kwemoyo kana kusanganisa kwemapapu. Kuwedzera kweropa kunowanzoitika.

Kuderedza kana kuvhara kwevhavha kana kuzvimba kwemakamuri epamusoro emoyo kunogona kuoneka pa:

• Chest x-ray
• Echocardiogram
• ECG (magetsi emagetsi)
• MRI kana CT yemoyo
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)

Kurapa kunoenderana nezviratidzo uye mamiriro emoyo nemapapu. Vanhu vane zviratidzo zvakapfava kana vasina zvachose vangangoda kurapwa. Nezviratidzo zvakakomba, ungangoda kuenda kuchipatara kunoongororwa uye kurapwa.

Mishonga inogona kushandiswa kurapa zviratidzo zvekutadza kwemoyo, kuwedzerwa kweropa uye kunonoka kana kudzora mitemo yemoyo inosanganisira:

• Diuretics (mapiritsi emvura)
• Nitrate, beta-blockers
• Calcium chiteshi blockers
• ACE inhibitors
• Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
• Digoxin
• Zvinodhaka kurapa zvisina kujairika moyo mutinhimira

Anticoagulants (kuwonda kweropa) anoshandiswa kudzivirira kugwamba kweropa kubva mukuumba nekufamba kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kushandiswa mune zvimwe zviitiko zvemitral stenosis. Vanhu vane rheumatic fever vangangoda kurapwa kwenguva refu nemushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya senge penicillin.

Munguva yakapfuura, vanhu vazhinji vane matambudziko evhavha emoyo vakapihwa maantibayoti pamberi pebasa rezvemazino kana nzira dzinokanganisa, senge colonoscopy. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakapihwa kudzivirira hutachiona hwevhavha yemoyo yakakanganiswa. Zvisinei, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yava kushandiswa zvishoma zvishoma. Kumbira chiremba wako kana iwe uchida kushandisa maantibioti.

Vamwe vanhu vangangoda kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo kana maitiro ekurapa mitral stenosis. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy (inonziwo valvuloplasty). Munguva iyi maitiro, chubhu (catheter) inoiswa mutsinga, kazhinji mugumbo. Iyo yakasungirirwa kumusoro mumoyo. Bhaluni pamucheto wecatheter yakafemerwa, ichiwedzera mitral vharuvhu uye kugadzirisa kuyerera kweropa. Maitiro aya anogona kuyedzwa pachinzvimbo chekuvhiyiwa mune vanhu vane mitral vharuvhu isina kunyanya kukuvara (kunyanya kana iyo vharafu isingadonhe zvakanyanya). Kunyangwe ikabudirira, maitiro acho angangoda kudzokororwa mwedzi kana makore gare gare.
• Kuvhiya kugadzirisa kana kutsiva mitral vharafu. Mavhavha ekutsiva anogona kugadzirwa kubva kwakasiyana zvinhu. Dzimwe dzinogona kugara kwemakumi emakore, uye dzimwe dzinogona kusakara uye dzinoda kutsiviwa.

Vana vanowanzoda kuvhiyiwa kuti vagadzirise kana kutsiva mitral vharafu.

Mhedzisiro yacho inosiyana. Dambudziko ringave rakapfava, risina zviratidzo, kana rinogona kunge rakanyanya uye richiremara nekufamba kwenguva. Matambudziko anogona kunge akanyanya kana kutyisidzira hupenyu. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mitral stenosis inogona kudzorwa pamwe nekurapwa uye kuvandudzwa ne valvuloplasty kana kuvhiyiwa.

Zvinetso zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Atrial fibrillation uye atrial flutter
• Ropa rinovhara kuuropi (sitiroko), ura, itsvo, kana dzimwe nzvimbo
• Kuunganidzwa kwemoyo kukundikana
• Pulmonary edema
• Pulmonary hypertension

Fonera mupiki wako kana:

• Iwe une zviratidzo zve mitral stenosis.
• Iwe une mitral stenosis uye zviratidzo hazviite nekurapwa, kana zviratidzo zvitsva zvinowoneka.

Tevera mazano emupi wako ekurapa mamiriro anogona kukonzera vharuvhu chirwere. Rapa hutachiona hutachiona nekukurumidza kudzivirira rheumatic fever. Udza mupi wako kana iwe uine nhoroondo yemhuri yezvakaberekwa hosha yemoyo.

Zvimwe kunze kwekurapa strep hutachiona, mitral stenosis pachayo kazhinji haigone kudzivirirwa, asi matambudziko kubva kumamiriro acho anogona kudzivirirwa. Udza mupiki wako nezvechirwere chemoyo wemagetsi usati wagamuchira chero kurapwa. Kurukurai kana muchida maantibiotic ekudzivirira.

Mitral vharuvhu kuvharidzira; Mwoyo mitral stenosis; Valvular mitral stenosis

• Mitral stenosis
• Mavharuvhu emwoyo
• Kuvhiya kwevhavha yemoyo - akateedzana

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Wilson W, Taubert KA, Gewitz M, uye al. Kudzivirira kwehutachiona endocarditis: nhungamiro kubva kuAmerican Heart Association: nhungamiro kubva kuAmerican Heart Association Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, uye Kawasaki Disease Committee, Kanzuru yeCardiovascular Disease muVadiki, uye Dare reClinical Cardiology, Kanzuru yeCardiovascular Surgery uye Anesthesia , uye Hunhu hweKuchengeta uye Mhedzisiro Yekutsvagisa Interdisciplinary Working Group. Kutenderera. 2007; 116 (15): 1736-1754. PMID: 17446442 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17446442/.