Kubatana kweaorta

Iyo aorta inotakura ropa kubva pamoyo kuenda kumidziyo inopa muviri neropa. Kana chikamu cheaorta chakatetepa, zvakaoma kuti ropa ripfuure mutsinga. Izvi zvinonzi coarctation yeaorta. Icho rudzi rwehurema hwekuzvarwa.

Icho chaicho chikonzero chekukwirana kweaorta hachizivikanwe. Izvo zvinobva mukukanganisika mukukudziridzwa kweaorta asati azvarwa.

Aortic coarctation inowanzoitika kune vanhu vane mamwe matambudziko egene, senge Turner syndrome.

Aortic coarctation ndeimwe yemamiriro ezvinhu akajairika emoyo aripo pakuzvarwa (congenital moyo hurema). Izvi zvisingaenzaniswi zvinosvika zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana zvezvose zvakaberekerwa moyo hurema. Inowanzoonekwa muvana kana vakuru vari pasi pemakore makumi mana.

Vanhu vane dambudziko iri neaorta yavo vanogona zvakare kuve nenzvimbo isina kusimba mumadziro emidziyo yeropa muhuropi hwavo. Utera uhwu hunokonzeresa kuti iro reropa reropa ribude kana kuti bharumu ribude. Izvi zvinozivikanwa seine bherry aneurysm. Inogona kuwedzera njodzi yekurohwa.

Kubatana kweaorta kunogona kuoneka pamwe nekuzvarwa kwemoyo kusakwana, kwakadai se:

• Bicuspid aortic vharafu
• Aortic stenosis
• Ventricular septal kuremara
• Patent ductus arteriosus

Zviratidzo zvinoenderana nekuti ropa rakawanda sei rinoyerera kuburikidza netsinga. Zvimwe zvinokanganisa moyo zvinogona zvakare kutora chinzvimbo.

Inenge hafu yevana vachangozvarwa vane dambudziko iri vanozove nezviratidzo mumazuva ekutanga ehupenyu. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kufema nekukurumidza, matambudziko pakudya, kuwedzera kushatirwa, uye kuwedzera kurara kana kusanyatsoteerera. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, mucheche anogona kukura kukundikana kwemoyo uye kuvhunduka.

Muzviitiko zvine runyararo, zviratidzo zvinogona kutadza kukura kusvika mwana asvika pakuyaruka. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa pachifuva
• Kutonhora tsoka kana makumbo
• Dzungu kana kupera simba
• Yakadzikira kugona kurovedza muviri
• Kutadza kubudirira
• Makumbo anopwanya nekurovedza muviri
• Nemhino
• Kukura kwakashata
• Kupwanya musoro
• Kufema kwekufema

Panogona zvakare kuve pasina zviratidzo.

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama uye ongorora kuwedzerwa kweropa uye kupomba kwemaoko nemakumbo.

• Kupomba kuri muchigomera (chevakadzi) nzvimbo kana tsoka kunenge kusisina simba kupfuura kupomba kuri mumaoko kana mutsipa (carotid). Dzimwe nguva, kupisa kwemukadzi kunogona kusanzwika zvachose.
• Iko kukwira kweropa mumakumbo kazhinji kunoshaya simba pane kuri mumaoko. Ropa kumanikidza rinowanzo kuve rakakwirira mumaoko mushure mehucheche.

Iye mupi anoshandisa stethoscope kuteerera kumoyo uye kutarisa kunyunyuta. Vanhu vane aortic coarctation kazhinji vane kugunun'una-kunonzwika kunonzwika kunogona kunzwika pasi pezasi kwekora kora pfupa kana kubva kumashure. Dzimwe mhando dzekugunun'una dzinogona kuve dziripo.

Kubatana kunowanzoonekwa panguva yekuongorora kwekutanga kwemwana achangoberekwa kana bvunzo yemwana mucheche. Kutora kupisa kwemwana mucheche chikamu chakakosha chebvunzo, nekuti panogona kunge pasina zvimwe zviratidzo kusvikira mwana akura.

Kuyedza kuongorora uyu mamiriro kunogona kusanganisira:

• Catheterization yemoyo uye aortography
• Chest x-ray
• Echocardiography ndiyo yakanyanya kuyedza kuongorora iyi mamiriro, uye inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuongorora munhu mushure mekuvhiyiwa
• Mwoyo CT inogona kudikanwa muvana vakura
• MRI kana MR angiography yechipfuva inogona kudikanwa muvana vakura

Ose maviri Doppler ultrasound uye yemoyo catheterization inogona kushandiswa kuona kana paine misiyano muropa kumanikidza munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeaorta.

Vazhinji vacheche vachangozvarwa vane zviratidzo vanozovhiyiwa chero chaipo mushure mekuzvarwa kana munguva pfupi inotevera. Vachatanga kugamuchira mishonga yekudzikamisa ivo.

Vana vanoonekwa kuti vakura vanodawo kuvhiyiwa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zviratidzo hazvisi zvakanyanya, saka imwe nguva inogona kutorwa kuronga kuvhiyiwa.

Munguva yekuvhiyiwa, chikamu chakamanikana cheaorta chinobviswa kana kuvhurwa.

• Kana nzvimbo yedambudziko iri diki, magumo maviri emahara eorta anogona kubatanidzwazve. Izvi zvinonzi kuguma-kumagumo anastomosis.
• Kana chikamu chikuru cheaorta chabviswa, kubatanidzwa kana imwe yetsinga dzemurwere dzingashandiswa kuzadza mukaha. Iyo yekubatanidza inogona kuve yakagadzirwa nevanhu kana kubva kune cadaver.

Dzimwe nguva, vanachiremba vanoedza kutambanudza yakavhurika iyo yakadzikira chikamu cheaorta nekushandisa chibharumu chakawedzerwa mukati meropa reropa. Mhando iyi yemahara inonzi balloon angioplasty. Zvinogona kuitwa panzvimbo pekuvhiyiwa, asi ine mwero wepamusoro wekutadza.

Vana vakura vanowanzoda mishonga yekurapa yakakwira BP mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Vamwe vachada kurapwa kweupenyu hwese padambudziko iri.

Kubatana kweaorta kunogona kurapwa nekuvhiya. Zviratidzo zvinokurumidza kuve nani mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Zvisinei, kune ngozi yakawedzerwa yekufa nekuda kwematambudziko emoyo pakati pevaya vakagadziriswa aorta. Hupenyu hwese kuteedzera neye cardiologist inokurudzirwa.

Pasina kurapwa, vanhu vazhinji vanofa vasati vasvitsa makore makumi mana. Neichi chikonzero, vanachiremba vanowanzo kurudzira kuti munhu avhiywe asati asvika makore gumi. Kazhinji yenguva, kuvhiyiwa kugadzirisa kubatana kunoitwa panguva yehucheche.

Kudimbudzira kana kuumbana kwetsinga kunogona kudzoka mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kune vanhu vakavhiyiwa semwana achangozvarwa.

Zvinetso zvinogona kuitika pamberi, panguva, kana munguva pfupi mushure mekuvhiyiwa zvinosanganisira:

• Nzvimbo yeortort inova huru kwazvo kana mabharuni kunze
• Kuchema mumadziro eorta
• Kubvaruka kweaorta
• Kubuda ropa muuropi
• Kutanga kukura kwekoronary arteri chirwere (CAD)
• Endocarditis (hutachiona mumoyo)
• Kutadza kwemoyo
• Kuchema
• Zvinetso zveitsvo
• Kuoma mitezo kwehafu yepasi yemuviri (chinetso chisingawanzoitika chekuvhiya kugadzirisa kugadzikana)
• Yakakwira yakakwira BP
• Kurohwa

Yenguva refu matambudziko anosanganisira:

• Kuenderera mberi kana kudzokorora kudzikisira kweaorta
• Endocarditis
• Kuwedzera kweropa

Fonera mupiki wako kana:

• Iwe kana mwana wako mune zviratidzo zvekubatana kweaorta
• Unokura kupera simba kana kurwadziwa pachipfuva (izvi zvinogona kunge zviri zviratidzo zvechinetso chakakomba)

Iko hakuna inozivikanwa nzira yekudzivirira iyi kusagadzikana. Nekudaro, kuziva nezve njodzi yako kunogona kutungamira kukurumidza kuongororwa uye kurapwa.

Aortic coarctation

• Chiremba wemwoyo kuvhiya - kubuda

• Kubatana kweaorta

Fraser CD, Kane LC. Congenital chirwere chemoyo. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Chinyorwa Chekuvhiya: Iyo Biological Hwaro hweMazuva Ano Kuvhiya Maitiro. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chitsiko 58.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Congenital chirwere chemoyo mune mukuru uye wevarwere murwere. Mune: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Chirwere Chemwoyo cheBraunwald: A Chinyorwa cheCardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2019: chits. 75.