Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ZVESE)

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ZVA) igomarara rinokurumidza kukura rerudzi rwechena reropa inonzi lymphoblast.

ZVESE zvinoitika kana mongo wemabhonzo waburitsa huwandu hukuru hweanokura lymphoblasts. Bone mwongo ndiyo nyoro nyoro iri pakati pemabhonzo iyo inobatsira kuumba ese masero eropa. Iwo ma lymphoblast asina kujairika anokura nekukurumidza uye anotsiva akajairwa maseru mumongo wemapfupa. ZVESE zvinotadzisa masero eropa ane hutano kubva mukugadzirwa. Zviratidzo zvinotyisidzira hupenyu zvinogona kuitika seyakajairika kuwanda kweropa kudonha.

Kazhinji yenguva, hapana chikonzero chakajeka chinogona kuwanikwa cheVOSE.

Izvi zvinotevera zvinhu zvinogona kutora chinzvimbo mukuvandudzika kwemarudzi ese eleukemia:

• Mamwe matambudziko echromosome
• Kujekesa kune radiation, kusanganisira x-ray asati aberekwa
• Kurapa kwekare nekemotherapy mishonga
• Kugamuchira pfupa rekutsvaira
• Uturu, senge benzene

Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinozivikanwa kuwedzera njodzi kune VOSE:

• Down syndrome kana zvimwe zvinetso zvemagene
• Hama kana hanzvadzi ine leukemia

Rudzi urwu rwe leukemia runowanzo bata vana vane makore matatu kusvika pa7. ZVESE ndiyo kenza yakajairika yehucheche, asi inogona zvakare kuitika kune vanhu vakuru.

ZVESE zvinoita kuti munhu anyanye kubuda ropa nekukura hutachiona. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Bone uye kurwadziwa kwekubatana
• Kupwanya kuri nyore uye kubuda ropa (sekubuda ropa matadza, kubuda ropa paganda, nosebleeds, nguva dzisina kujairika)
• Kunzwa kupera simba kana kuneta
• Kupindwa nechando
• Kurasikirwa nechido uye kurasikirwa nekurema
• Ruvara
• Marwadzo kana kunzwa kwekuzara pazasi pembabvu kubva pachiropa chakakudzwa kana spleen
• Pini tsvuku tsvuku paganda (petechiae)
• Dzimba lymph node mumutsipa, pasi pemaoko, nekugomera
• Night sweats

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuitika nemamwe mamiriro. Taura nemubatsiri wezvehutano nezvezvinoreva zvimwe zviratidzo.

Iye mupi achaita bvunzo dzepanyama uye obvunza nezve zviratidzo zvako.

Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Yakazara huwandu hweropa (CBC), kusanganisira chena reropa (WBC) kuverenga
• Platelet kuverenga
• Bone marora bhiopsy
• Lumbar puncture (musana wepombi) kutarisa masero eleukemia mumasipinha emvura

Kuyedza kunoitwawo kutsvaga shanduko muDNA mukati memasero machena asina kujairika. Dzimwe shanduko dzeDNA dzinogona kuona mashandiro anoita munhu (kufungidzira), uye rudzii rwekurapa runokurudzirwa.

Chinangwa chekutanga chekurapa ndechekutora kuwanda kweropa kumashure kune zvakajairwa. Kana izvi zvikaitika uye mwongo wemapfupa unotaridzika kuve wakagwinya pasi pe microscope, gomarara racho rinoti riri mukuregererwa.

Chemotherapy ndiyo yekutanga kurapwa kunoedzwa nechinangwa chekuwana kuregererwa.

• Munhu wacho anogona kuda kugara muchipatara chemotherapy. Kana kuti inogona kupihwa kukiriniki uye munhu anoenda kumba mushure.
• Chemotherapy inopihwa mutsinga (na IV) uye dzimwe nguva inopinda mukati memvura inenge yakatenderedza uropi (rwonzi rwepelinha).

Mushure mekuregererwa kwawanikwa, kumwe kurapwa kunopihwa kuti uwane mushonga. Uku kurapa kunogona kusanganisira yakawanda IV chemotherapy kana radiation kuuropi. Stem cell kana, pfupa mwongo, kuisazve kubva kune mumwe munhu kunogona kuitwa. Kuwedzera kurapwa kunoenderana ne:

• Zera uye hutano hwemunhu
• Genetic shanduko mumasero eleukemia
• Ndeapi makosi emakemikari aakatora kuzadzikisa kuregererwa
• Kana masero asina kujairika achiri kuonekwa pasi pemaikorosikopu
• Kuwanika kwevanopa kune stem cell yekuisa

Iwe nemupi wako mungangoda kugadzirisa zvimwe zvinonetsa panguva yekurapa kweeukemia, kusanganisira:

• Kuva nekemotherapy kumba
• Kugadzirisa zvipfuwo zvako panguva yekemotherapy
• Zvinetso zvekubuda ropa
• Muromo wakaoma
• Kudya macalorie akakwana
• Kudya zvakachengeteka panguva yekurapa gomarara

Unogona kudzikisira kushushikana kwehurwere nekujoinha boka rekutsigira gomarara. Kugovana nevamwe vane zvakajairika zviitiko uye matambudziko zvinogona kukubatsira kuti usazonzwa kusurukirwa.

Avo vanopindura kurapwa ipapo ipapo vanowanzoita zvirinani. Vazhinji vana vane ZVESE vanogona kurapwa. Vana vanowanzo kuve nemhedzisiro iri nani pane vakuru.

Zvese leukemia pachayo uye kurapwa kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko mazhinji sekubuda ropa, kurasikirwa uremu, uye hutachiona.

Fonera waunopa kana iwe kana mwana wako muchiva nezviratidzo ZVESE.

Ngozi yekuvandudza ZVESE inogona kudzikiswa nekudzivirira kusangana nehumwe huturu, radiation, uye makemikari.

ZVESE; Lymphoblastic leukemia; Acute lymphoid leukemia; Chirwere cheleukemia; Kenza - yakanyanya hudiki leukemia (ZVESE); Leukemia - kwakanyanya kwehucheche (ZVA); Acute lymphocytic leukemia

• Bone marrow kuisirwa - kubuda
• Kudya mamwe macalorie kana uchirwara - vakuru
• Muromo nemutsipa radiation - kubuda
• Oral mucositis - kuzvitarisira
• Paunenge uine kusvotwa uye kurutsa

• Bone marora kushuvira
• Acute lymphocytic leukemia - photomicrograph
• Auer tsvimbo
• Bone marora kubva muchiuno
• Immune system zvimiro

Carroll WL, Bhatla T. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mune: Lanzkowsky P, Lipton JM, Hove JD, eds. Lanzkowsky's Chinyorwa chePediatric Hematology uye Oncology. 6th ed. Cambridge, MA: Elsevier Dzidzo Press; 2016: chits.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia kurapwa (PDQ) - hutano nyanzvi vhezheni. www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/adult-all-treatment-pdq. Yakagadziridzwa Ndira 22, 2020. Yakasvika munaFebruary 13, 2020.

National Cancer Institute webhusaiti. Zvepwere acute lymphoblastic leukemia kurapwa (PDQ) - hutano nyanzvi vhezheni. www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/child-all-treatment-pdq. Yakagadziridzwa Kukadzi 6, 2020. Yakasvika muna Kukadzi 13, 2020.

National Yakakwana Cancer Network webhusaiti. NCCN kiriniki yekudzidzira maitiro mune oncology: acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Shanduro 4.2017. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/all.pdf. Yakagadziridzwa Ndira 15, 2020. Yakasvika munaFebruary 13, 2020.