Retinal boka

Retinal detachment kupatsanurwa kwechiedza-chinobata membrane (retina) kumashure kweziso kubva kune ayo anotsigira matanda.

Iyo retina ndiyo yakajeka tishu inoisa mukati mekuseri kweziso. Mwenje yechiedza inopinda muziso inotariswa neconnea uye lens mumifananidzo iyo yakaumbwa pane iyo retina.

• Rudzi rwakajairika kwazvo rwechikamu chetsiva kazhinji kazhinji nekuda kwekubvaruka kana gomba mune iro retina. Ziso rinodonha rinogona kudonhedza nepamusuwo uyu. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kuti retina ipatsanuke kubva kumaturu epasi, zvakanyanya sebhodhi riri pasi pe Wallpaper. Izvi zvinowanzo kukonzerwa nemamiriro anonzi posterior vitreous detachment. Iyo inogona zvakare kukonzerwa nekushungurudzika uye yakaipa kwazvo kuona pedyo. Nhoroondo yemhuri ye retinal detachment inowedzerawo njodzi yako.
• Rumwe rudzi rwechisimba chetsiva runonzi traction detachment. Mhando iyi inoitika kune vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga chisina kudzorwa, vakavhiyiwa maziso, kana vane chirwere chenguva refu (chisingaperi).

Kana iyo retina yadzikatidzwa, kubuda ropa kubva mumidziyo yeropa iri padyo kunogona kudzikatidza mukati meziso kuitira kuti iwe usanyatsoona zvakajeka kana zvachose. Pakati pekuona kunokanganiswa zvakanyanya kana macula ikave yakadzikama. Iyo macula chikamu cheiyo retina inokonzeresa unopinza, wakadzama kuona.

Zviratidzo zve retina yakadzvanywa inogona kusanganisira:

• Kupenya kupenya kwechiedza, kunyanya muchiono cheparutivi.
• Kuona kwakashata.
• Mafloater matsva muziso anoonekwa nekukasira.
• Kuvhara kana kudzikira kwemaonero ekunze anoita kunge keteni kana mumvuri pane ako maonero.

Iko kazhinji hakuna kurwadziwa mukati kana kutenderedza ziso.

Iye ophthalmologist (chiremba weziso) anoongorora maziso ako. Miedzo ichaitwa kutarisa iyo retina uye mudzidzi:

• Uchishandisa yakakosha dhayi uye kamera kutarisa kweropa kuyerera muitina (fluorescein angiography)
• Kuongorora kumanikidza mukati meziso (tonometry)
• Kuongorora chikamu chekuseri kweziso, kusanganisira iyo retina (ophthalmoscopy)
• Kuongorora girazi regirazi remaziso (refraction test)
• Kutarisa kuona kwemavara
• Kutarisa mavara madiki anogona kuverenga (visual acuity)
• Kuongorora zvimiro kumberi kweziso (kucheka-mwenje kuongororwa)
• Ultrasound yeziso

Vazhinji vanhu vane retinal detachment vanoda kuvhiyiwa. Kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa ipapo ipapo kana mukati mekanguva kapfupi mushure mekuongororwa. Dzimwe mhando dzekuvhiya dzinogona kuitwa muhofisi yechiremba wako.

• Lasers inogona kushandiswa kuvhara misodzi kana maburi mu retina pasati paine retinal detachment.
• Kana iwe uine diki diki, chiremba anogona kuisa gasi bubble muziso. Izvi zvinonzi pneumatic retinopexy. Inobatsira iyo retina kuyangarara zvakare munzvimbo. Iyo gomba rakavharwa ne laser.

Zvikwata zvakakura zvinoda kuvhiyiwa muchipatara. Maitiro aya anosanganisira:

• Scleral bhakera kuti zvinyoronyoro sundira ziso madziro kumusoro kune iyo retina
• Vitrectomy kubvisa gel kana zvinyama zvinyoro kudhonza pane iyo retina, inoshandiswa kune yakanyanya misodzi nemisodzi

Matractional retinal zvimisikidzwa zvinogona kutariswa kwekanguva vasati vavhiyiwa. Kana kuvhiya kuchidikanwa, vitrectomy inowanzoitwa.

Unonyatsoita sei mushure mechikamu chetsiva chinoenderana nenzvimbo uye nekukura kwechikwata uye kurapwa kwekutanga. Kana iyo macula isina kukuvadzwa, maonero pamwe nekurapa anogona kunge akanaka.

Kugadziriswa kwekubudirira kwetina hakuwanzo gadziridza zvakazara kuona.

Zvimwe zvikamu hazvigadziriswe.

Denderedzwa retina rinokonzera kurasikirwa kwemaonero. Kuvhiya kuigadzirisa kunogona kubatsira kudzoreredza zvimwe kana zvese zvaunoona.

Dziviriro yeti retina idambudziko rinokurumidza rinoda kurapwa mukati maawa makumi maviri nemana ezviratidzo zvekutanga kupenya kutsva kwechiedza uye mafashama.

Shandisa zvinodzivirira ziso kupfeka kudzivirira ziso kushungurudzika. Chengetedza shuga yako yeropa zvakanyatsonaka kana uine chirwere cheshuga. Ona nyanzvi yezvekutarisira maziso kamwe pagore. Iwe ungangoda kushanyirwa kazhinji kazhinji kana iwe uine njodzi zvinhu zve retinal detachment. Ngwarira zviratidzo zvekupenya kutsva kwechiedza uye zvinofamba.

Yakaiswa retina

• Ziso
• Slit-mwenje bvunzo

American Academy yeOphthalmology webhusaiti. Yakasarudzika Dzidzira Muenzaniso Maitiro. Posterior vitreous detachment, retinal mabhureki, uye lattice degeneration PPP 2019. www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/posterior-vitreous-detachment-retinal-breaks-latti. Yakagadziridzwa Gumiguru 2019. Yakasvika munaNdira 13, 2020.

Salmon JF. Retinal boka. Mune: Salmon JF, ed. Kanski's Clinical Ophthalmology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 16.

Wickham L, Aylward GW. Yakanakisa maitirwo ekugadzirisa ekudzora kwemauto. Mu: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. Retina yaRyan. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chits. 109.