Heroin kudarika

Heroin imirimo isiri pamutemo iyo inopindwa muropa. Iri mukirasi yemishonga inozivikanwa seopioid.

Ichi chinyorwa chinotaura nezve heroin overdose. Kuwedzeredza kunoitika kana mumwe munhu atora chakawandisa chinhu, kazhinji chinodhaka. Izvi zvinogona kuitika netsaona kana nemaune. Heroin overdose inogona kukonzera zvakakomba, zvinokuvadza zviratidzo, kana kutofa.

Nezve heroin overdose:

Heroin overdoses yanga ichisimuka zvakanyanya muUnited States mumakore akati wandei apfuura. Muna 2015, vanhu vanopfuura zviuru gumi nezvitatu vakafa ne heroin overdoses muUnited States. Heroin inotengeswa zvisiri pamutemo, saka hapana simba pamusoro pehunhu kana simba remushonga. Zvakare, dzimwe nguva inosanganiswa nezvimwe zvinhu zvine chepfu.

Vazhinji vanhu vanodarika mwero vakatopindwa muropa, asi vamwe vanhu vanopfuudza nguva yekutanga ivo yavanozviedza. Vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa heroin vanoshandisawo zvisirizvo mishonga inorwadza yemimwe mishonga. Vanogona zvakare kushandisa zvisina kufanira doro. Iko kusanganiswa kwezvinhu kunogona kuva nenjodzi huru. Heroin kushandiswa muUnited States kwave kuchikura kubvira 2007.

Pakave zvakare nekuchinja mune huwandu hwevanhu hwekushandisa heroin. Ikozvino zvave kutendwa kuti kupindwa muropa nemushonga weopioid painkillers ndiyo gedhi rekushandisa heroin kune vanhu vazhinji. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mutengo wemugwagwa we heroin unowanzo kuve wakachipa pane uya wekunyorerwa maopioid.

Ichi chinyorwa ndechekuziva chete. Usashandise iyo kurapa kana kubata yakanyanyisa kudarika. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu wauinaye aine mukana wekufona, fonera yako yemunharaunda emergency emergency (yakadai se911), kana nzvimbo yemunharaunda yako ine chepfu inogona kusvikwa yakananga nekufonera iyo yenyika isingabhadhariswe Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero kupi muUnited States.

Heroin ine chepfu. Dzimwe nguva, zvinhu zvinonzi heroin zvinosanganiswa nazvo zvine chepfu.

Heroin inogadzirwa kubva morphine. Morphine mushonga wakasimba unowanikwa mune mhodzi dzembeu dzeopiyamu poppy zvirimwa. Izvi zvinomera zvinorimwa kutenderera pasirese. Mishonga yekurwadziwa zviri pamutemo ine morphine inonzi maopioid. Opioid izwi rinotorwa kubva opium, iro raive izwi rechiGiriki kune muto weputi wepoppy. Iko hakuna pamutemo kurapwa kwekushandisa kwe heroin.

Mazita emigwagwa eheroin anosanganisira "junk", "smack", dope, shuga tsvuku, bhiza jena, China chena, uye "skag".

Vanhu vanoshandisa heroin kuti vakwire. Asi kana vakawedzeredza pairi, vanobatwa nehope zvakanyanya kana kuti vangangofenda uye vorega kufema.

Pazasi pane zviratidzo zve heroin overdose muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuviri.

AIRWAYS uye mapapu

• Hapana kufema
• Kufema zvishoma
• Inononoka uye yakaoma kufema

MAZISO, Nzeve, MHOSI UYE ZUVA

• Muromo wakaoma
• Vakanyanya kunyanya vadzidzi, dzimwe nguva vadiki semusoro wepini (pinpoint vadzidzi)
• Rurimi rwakashandurwa

MOYO NEROPA

• Kuderera kweropa
• Kupomba kushoma

GANDA

• Nzara dzebhuruu-mavara nemiromo

Dumbu uye INTESTINES

• Kuzvimbirwa
• Spasms yemudumbu uye ura

ZVINONZI SYSTEM

• Coma (kushaya kwekuteerera)
• Delirium (kuvhiringidzika)
• Kuora mwoyo
• Kukotsira
• Kusadzora kwetsandanyama kufamba

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba ipapo. Usaite kuti munhu arase kumusoro kunze kwekunge uturu hwehuturu kana mupi wezvehutano akakuudza iwe kuti udaro.

Muna 2014, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yakatendera kushandiswa kwemushonga unonzi naloxone (zita rechiratidzo Narcan) kudzoreredza mhedzisiro ye heroin overdose. Rudzi rwemushonga urwu runonzi mushonga. Naloxone inorowa pasi peganda kana musuru, uchishandisa otomatiki injector. Inogona kushandiswa nevanokurumidza varapi vanopindura, mapurisa, nhengo dzemhuri, vanochengeta, nevamwe. Inogona kuponesa hupenyu kudzamara kurapwa kuripo.

Iva neruzivo urwu rwakagadzirira:

• Zera remunhu, huremu, uye mamiriro
• Yakawanda sei heroin yavakatora, kana ichizivikanwa
• Pavakaitora

Nzvimbo yako yemunharaunda ine chepfu inogona kusvikwa zvakananga nekufonera iyo yenyika, isina muripo Poison Rubatsiro nhare (1-800-222-1222) kubva chero kupi muUnited States. Iyi nhamba yehotera yenyika ino ichaita kuti iwe utaure nenyanzvi mune chepfu. Ivo vanozokupa iwe kumwe kuraira.

Iri ibasa remahara uye rakavanzika. Nzvimbo dzese dzemunharaunda dzekudzora chepfu muUnited States dzinoshandisa iyi nhamba yenyika. Iwe unofanirwa kufona kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo nezve chepfu kana kudzivirira chepfu. Hazvidi kuti ive emergency. Iwe unogona kufona chero chikonzero, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pavhiki.

Iye mupi anoyera nekutarisa zviratidzo zvakakosha zvemunhu, zvinosanganisira kupisa, kupomba, kufema, uye kuwedzerwa kweropa. Zviratidzo zvicharapwa. Munhu wacho anogona kugamuchira:

• Ropa uye weti kuongororwa
• Kufema kwekutsigira, kusanganisira oxygen chubhu kuburikidza nemuromo kupinda muhuro, uye muchina wekufema
• Chest x-ray
• CT scan (yepamusoro imaging) yeuropi kana kukuvara kwemusoro kuchifungidzirwa
• ECG (electrocardiogram, kana moyo wekutsvagisa)
• Intravenous fluids (IV, kuburikidza netsinga)
• Mishonga yekurapa zviratidzo, senge naloxone (ona "Chikamu Chekuchengetedza Kumba" chikamu chiri pamusoro), kurwisa mhedzisiro yeheroin
• Multiple doses kana inoenderera IV manejimendi yeNaxolone. Izvi zvinogona kudikanwa nekuti naxolone mhedzisiro inogara kwenguva pfupi uye kushungurudzika mhedzisiro yeheroin inogara kwenguva refu.

Kana mushonga unokwanisa kupihwa, kupora kubva pakuwedzeredza kunoitika kunoitika mukati maawa makumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi mana. Heroin inowanzo sanganiswa nezvinhu zvinonzi hupombwe. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera zvimwe zviratidzo uye kukuvara kwemitezo. Kugara muchipatara kunogona kudikanwa.

Kana kufema kwemunhu kwakakanganiswa kwenguva yakareba, vanogona kufemera zvinwiwa mumapapu avo. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kumabayo uye mamwe matambudziko emapapu.

Ivo vanhu vanove vasingazive kwenguva yakareba uye varere panzvimbo dzakaomarara vanogona kukuvara kukuvadzwa paganda uye nepasi penyama. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kune maronda eganda, hutachiona, uye kwakadzika vanga.

Kubaya jekiseni chero mushonga kuburikidza netsono kunogona kukonzera hutachiona hwakakomba. Izvi zvinosanganisira mapundu europi, mapapu, neitsvo, uye hutachiona hwevhavha yemoyo.

Nekuti heroin inowanzojowa mutsinga, mushandisi weheroin anogona kuita matambudziko ane chekuita nekugovana tsono nevamwe vashandisi. Kugovera tsono kunogona kutungamira kuhepatitis, hutachiona hweHIV, uye AIDS.

Acetomorphine ovhadhozi; Diacetylmorphine ovhadhozi; Opiate ovhadhozi; Opioid ovhadhozi

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. Kudzivirira kudzivirira & kutonga: opioid overdose. www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/opioids/heroin.html. Yakagadziridzwa Zvita 19, 2018. Yakasvika muna Chikunguru 9, 2019.

Levine DP, Brown P. Utachiona mujekiseni vanoshandisa zvinodhaka. Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chits. 312.

National Institute yeDrug Abuse webhusaiti. Heroin. www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/heroin. Yakagadziridzwa June 2019. Yakasvika muna Chikunguru 9, 2019.

National Institute yeDrug Abuse webhusaiti. Kuwedzeredza kufa kwehuwandu. www.drugabuse.gov/related-topics/trends-statistics/overdose-death-rates. Yakagadziridzwa Ndira 2019. Yakasvika muna Chikunguru 9, 2019.

Nikolaides JK, Thompson TM. Opioid. Mune: Masvingo RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts uye Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chitsiko 156.