Agraphia: Kana Kunyora Hazvisi Nyore seABC

Zvemukati

• Chii chinonzi agraphia?
• Agraphia vs. Alexia vs. Aphasia
• Ndedzipi mhando dzeAgraphia?
• Central agraphia
• Akadzika agraphia
• Alexia ane agraphia
• Lexical agraphia
• Phonological agraphia
• Gerstmann chirwere
• Peripheral agraphia
• Apraxic agraphia
• Visuospatial agraphia
• Anodzokorora agraphia
• Dysexecutive agraphia
• Mumhanzi agraphia
• Chii chinokonzera agraphia?
• Kurohwa
• Kushungurudzika kwepfungwa kukuvara
• Dementia
• Zvipembenene zvishoma zvakajairika
• Agraphia inoonekwa sei?
• Chii chinonzi kurapwa kweagraphia?
• Chinokosha

Fungidzira uchifunga kunyora pasi runyorwa rwezvinhu iwe zvaunoda kubva kuchitoro uye uone kuti iwe hauzive kuti ndeapi mavara anoperetera izwi chingwa.

Kana kunyora tsamba yemoyo wese uye uchiona kuti mazwi awakanyora haana musoro kune mumwe munhu. Fungidzira uchikanganwa kurira kwetsamba "Z" inogadzira.

Ichi chiitiko ndicho chinozivikanwa seagraphia, kana kurasikirwa kwekugona kwekutaurirana zvakanyorwa, zvichibva mukukuvara kwehuropi.

Chii chinonzi agraphia?

Kunyora, iwe unofanirwa kugona kuendesa nekubatanidza hunyanzvi hwakasiyana.

Uropi hwako hunofanira kukwanisa kugadzirisa mutauro. Mune mamwe mazwi, iwe unofanirwa kugona kushandura pfungwa dzako kuita mazwi.

Iwe unofanirwa kugona ku:

• sarudza mavara akakodzera kuperetera iwo mazwi
• ronga maitiro ekudhirowa mifananidzo yemifananidzo yatinodaidza mavara
• nyatsozviteedzera neruoko rwako

Paunenge uchiteedzera mavara, iwe unofanirwa kugona kuona izvo zvauri kunyora izvozvi uye kuronga zvauchazonyora zvinotevera.

Agraphia inoitika kana chero nzvimbo yeuropi yako yakabatanidzwa mukunyora ichikuvara kana kukuvara.

Nekuti ese ari maviri mitauro inotaurwa uye yakanyorwa inogadzirwa neakaomesesa akabatana neural network muuropi, vanhu vane agraphia vanowanzo kuve nekumwe kukanganisika kwemitauro.

Vanhu vane agraphia kazhinji vanonetsekawo kuverenga kana kutaura nemazvo.

Agraphia vs. Alexia vs. Aphasia

Agraphia ndiko kurasikirwa kwekugona kunyora. Aphasia inowanzoreva kurasikirwa kwekugona kutaura. Alexia, kune rimwe divi, ndiko kurasikirwa kwesimba rekuziva mazwi awaimboverenga. Nechikonzero ichocho, alexia dzimwe nguva inonzi "izwi kupofumadza."

Ese matatu eaya matambudziko anokonzerwa nekukuvadzwa kwenzvimbo dzekugadzirisa mitauro muuropi.

Ndedzipi mhando dzeAgraphia?

Iko agraphia inoratidzika senge inosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo ipi yeuropi yakakuvara.

Agraphia inogona kuputswa muzvikamu zviviri zvakafara:

• pakati
• peripheral

Inogona kupatsanurwazve zvichienderana nechikamu chipi cheichi chiitiko chekunyora chakakanganisika.

Central agraphia

Central agraphia inoreva kurasikirwa kwekunyora kunokonzerwa nekusagadzikana mumutauro, kutaridzika, kana mota nzvimbo dzehuropi.

Zvichienderana nekuti kukuvara kuri kupi, vanhu vane central agraphia vanogona kusakwanisa kunyora mazwi anonzwisisika. Kunyora kwavo kunogona kuve nekukanganisa kuperetera kazhinji, kana syntax inogona kunetsa.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzepakati agraphia dzinosanganisira:

Akadzika agraphia

Kukuvara kuruboshwe parietal lobe yeuropi dzimwe nguva kunokuvadza kugona kwekurangarira kuperetera mazwi. Hunyanzvi uhwu hunozivikanwa sekunyora zvinyorwa.

Neakadzika agraphia, munhu haangonetseke kurangarira chiperengo cheshoko, asi vanogona zvakare kuva nenguva yakaoma yekurangarira maitiro "ekuridza" izwi.

Hunyanzvi uhu hunozivikanwa sekugona phonological. Kudzika agraphia kunoonekwawo nekukanganisa kwesemantic - mazwi anovhiringidza ane zvirevo zvinoenderana - semuenzaniso kunyora mufambisi wechikepe panzvimbo ye gungwa.

Alexia ane agraphia

Dambudziko iri rinoita kuti vanhu varasikirwe nekwaniso yekuverenga pamwe nekunyora. Vanogona kunge vachikwanisa kuridza izwi, asi havagone kuwana chikamu chendangariro yavo yekunyora iyo inochengeterwa mavara etsamba.

Mashoko ane zviperengo zvisina kujairika anowanzo kunetsa kupfuura mazwi anoteera akareruka mapereti mapatani.

Lexical agraphia

Dambudziko iri rinosanganisira kurasikirwa nekwanisiro yekuperetera mazwi asina kunyorwa nhare.

Vanhu vane mhando iyi yeagraphia havagone kuperetera zvisizvo mazwi.Aya ndiwo mazwi anoshandisa lexical spelling system kwete pane fonotiki spelling system.

Phonological agraphia

Ichi kusagadzikana ndiko kusiyanisa kwe lexical agraphia.

Iko kugona kuridza izwi kukanganiswa. Kuperetera izwi nenzira kwayo, munhu ane phonological agraphia anofanira kuvimba nezviperengo zvinodzidziswa mumusoro.

Vanhu vane dambudziko iri vane dambudziko shoma kunyora mazwi ane zvirevo zvekongiri senge hove kana tafura, nepo ivo vaine nguva yakaoma kunyora isinganzwisisike pfungwa senge kutenda uye rukudzo.

Gerstmann chirwere

Gerstmann syndrome ine zviratidzo zvina:

• chigunwe agnosia (kusakwanisa kuziva minwe)
• kurudyi-kuruboshwe kuvhiringidzika
• agraphia
• acalculia (kurasikirwa kwekugona kwekuita mashoma manhamba mashandiro sekuwedzera kana kubvisa)

Iyo syndrome inoitika semhedzisiro yekukuvara kuruboshwe angular gyrus, kazhinji nekuda kwesitiroko.

Asi zvave zvakare nekupararira kwehuropi kwakapararira nekuda kwemamiriro akaita se:

• lupus
• kudhakwa
• carbon monoxide chepfu
• kunyanyisa kuratidza kutungamira

Peripheral agraphia

Peripheral agraphia zvinoreva kurasikirwa nekugona kwekunyora. Ipo ichikonzerwa nekukuvara kwehuropi, inogona kutadza kuita kunge inosanganiswa nemota basa kana kuona kunoonekwa.

Inosanganisira kurasikirwa kwekuziva kwekugona kusarudza nekubatanidza tsamba kuti dziumbe mazwi.

Apraxic agraphia

Dzimwe nguva inonzi "yakachena" agraphia, apraxic agraphia ndiko kurasikirwa kwekugona kunyora iwe uchiri kugona kuverenga nekutaura.

Dambudziko iri dzimwe nguva panenge paine ronda kana kubuda kweropa kumberi kwekukomba, parietal lobe, kana temporal lobe yehuropi kana mu thalamus.

Vatsvagiri vanodavira kuti apraxic agraphia inokonzeresa iwe kuti usakwanise kuwana nzvimbo dzehuropi hwako dzinokutendera kuti uronge mafambiro aunofanirwa kuita kuti utore zvimiro zvemavara.

Visuospatial agraphia

Kana mumwe munhu aine visuospatial agraphia, vanogona kusakwanisa kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvavo zvakatwasuka.

Ivo vanogona kusanganisa zvikamu zvemashoko zvisirizvo (semuenzaniso, kunyora Ia msomeb ody panzvimbo ye Ndiri mumwe munhu). Kana ivo vanogona kuisira kwavo kunyora kune imwe quadrant yeiyo peji.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanhu vane mhando iyi yeagraphia vanosiya mavara kubva kumazwi kana kuwedzera kurova kune mamwe mavara sezvavanonyora. Visuospatial agraphia yave ichibatanidzwa nekukuvara kune kurudyi hemisphere yeuropi.

Anodzokorora agraphia

Iyo zvakare inonzi inodzokorora agraphia, iko kukanganisika kwekunyora kunokonzera vanhu kudzokorora mavara, mazwi, kana zvikamu zvemazwi sezvavanonyora.

Dysexecutive agraphia

Mhando iyi yeagraphia ine maficha eaphasia (kutadza kushandisa mutauro mukutaura) uye apraxic agraphia. Iyo inosanganisirwa nechirwere cheParkinson kana kukuvara kune kumberi kwemukati wehuropi.

Nekuti inosanganisirwa nematambudziko ekunyora ane chekuita nekuronga, kuronga, uye kutarisa, ayo anoonekwa semabasa makuru, rudzi urwu rwekunyora kusagadzikana dzimwe nguva runodanwa.

Mumhanzi agraphia

Kazhinji, munhu aimboziva kunyora mimhanzi anorasikirwa nemano iwayo nekuda kwekukuvara kwehuropi.

Mune yakashumwa muna2000, mudzidzisi wepiyano uyo akavhiyiwa huropi akarasikirwa kugona kwake kunyora ese mazwi nemumhanzi.

Kukwanisa kwake kunyora mazwi nemitsara kwakapedzisira kwadzorerwa, asi kugona kwake kunyora marimba uye mutinhimira hazvina kupora.

Chii chinokonzera agraphia?

Chirwere kana kukuvara kunokanganisa nzvimbo dzehuropi dzinobatanidzwa mukunyora kunogona kutungamira kuagraphia.

Unyanzvi hwemitauro hunowanikwa munzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzechikamu chikuru cheuropi (iro divi rakatarisana neruoko rwako rukuru), mune parietal, kumberi, uye lobes yepanyama.

Mitauro yemitauro muuropi ine neural yekubatana pakati peumwe neumwe iwo anofambisa mutauro. Kukuvadza kunzvimbo dzemitauro kana kubatana pakati padzo kunogona kukonzera agraphia.

Zvinonyanya kukonzera agraphia zvinosanganisira:

Kurohwa

Kana iko kupihwa kweropa kunzvimbo dzemitauro yehuropi hwako kukanganiswa nesitiroko, unogona kurasikirwa neako kugona kunyora. vakaona kuti kusagadzikana kwemitauro kunowanzoitika nekuda kwesitiroko.

Kushungurudzika kwepfungwa kukuvara

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kukuvara kwepfungwa kunorwadza se "bump, blow, kana jolt kumusoro iyo inokanganisa mashandiro ehuropi."

Chero kukuvara kwakadai kunokanganisa nzvimbo dzemitauro yehuropi, kunyangwe zvichibva mukudonha mushawa, tsaona yemotokari, kana kugwinha panhandare yenhabvu, zvinogona kukonzeresa kwenguva pfupi kana zvachose agraphia.

Dementia

Agraphia iyo inoramba ichinyanya kukura ndeye, vamwe vanodavira, chimwe chezviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuora mwoyo.

Nemhando dzakawanda dzekushushikana, kusanganisira yeAlzheimer's, vanhu havangorasikirwa chete nekwaniso yekutaurirana zvakajeka mukunyora, asi vanogona zvakare kukura matambudziko nekuverenga nekutaura sezvo mamiriro avo achienderera.

Izvi zvinowanzoitika nekuda kweatrophy (kudzikira) kwenzvimbo dzemitauro yehuropi.

Zvipembenene zvishoma zvakajairika

Chironda inzvimbo yezvisikwa zvisina kujairika kana kukuvara mukati mehuropi. Maronda anogona kukanganisa zvakajairika mashandiro enzvimbo mavanowanikwa.

Vanachiremba paMayo Clinic vanoti maronda ehuropi kune zvikonzero zvinoverengeka, zvinosanganisira:

• mamota
• aneurysm
• tsinga dzakaremara
• mamiriro akaita akawanda sclerosis uye sitiroko

Kana ronda rikaitika munzvimbo yeuropi iyo inokubatsira iwe kunyora, agraphia inogona kunge iri imwe yezviratidzo.

Agraphia inoonekwa sei?

Computed tomography (CT), yakakwira-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uye positron emission tekinoroji (PET) zviyero zvinobatsira vanachiremba kuona kukuvara kwenzvimbo dzehuropi uko kunogadziriswa nzvimbo dzemitauro.

Dzimwe nguva shanduko idzi dzakavanzika uye haigone kuonekwa nemiedzo iyi. Chiremba wako anogona kukupa iwe kuverenga, kunyora, kana kutaura bvunzo kuti uone kuti ndeapi marongero emitauro angave akakanganisika nekukuvara kwako.

Chii chinonzi kurapwa kweagraphia?

Muzviitiko zvakakomba uko kukuvara kuuropi kuri kwekusingaperi, zvinogona kunge zvisingaite kudzoreredza zvakakwana munhu wekare nhanho yeunyanzvi hwekunyora.

Zvisinei, kune kumwe kutsvagurudza kunoratidza kuti kana kugadzirisa kunosanganisira akasiyana nzira dzakasiyana dzemitauro, mhedzisiro yekudzosa iri nani pane kana zano rimwe chete rashandiswa.

Mumwe 2013 akawana kuti hunyanzvi hwekunyora hwakavandudzwa kune vanhu vane alexia neagraphia pavakaita nguva zhinji dzekurapwa umo mavakaverenga iwo iwo iwo mavara kasingaperi kusvikira vakwanisa kuverenga mazwi ese pane tsamba netsamba.

Iyi nzira yekuverenga yaibatanidzwa pamwe nekudyidzana kuperetera maitiro uko vatori vechikamu vaigona kushandisa chiperengo mudziyo kuvabatsira kuona uye kugadzirisa kwavo zviperengo zvikanganiso.

Rehabilitation Therapists vanogona zvakare kushandisa musanganiswa wekuona mazwi kudhiraira, mnemonic zvishandiso, uye anagrams kubatsira vanhu kudzidzazve kudzidza.

Ivo vanogona zvakare kushandisa chiperengo uye mitsara-kunyora maitiro uye kuverenga nemuromo uye chiperengo maitiro ekugadzirisa kushomeka munzvimbo dzakawanda panguva imwe chete.

Vamwe vakave nekubudirira vachishandisa madhiragi ekusimbisa kubatana pakati pezwi rizwi (phonemesi) nekuziva kwetsamba dzinomiririra ruzha (graphemes).

Idzi nzira dzinogona kubatsira kushongedza vanhu nemaitiro ekugadzirisa, kuti vakwanise kushanda zvirinani, kunyangwe kana kukuvara kwehuropi kusingadzokere shure.

Chinokosha

Agraphia ndiko kurasikirwa kwekwaniso yekugona kutaurirana mukunyora. Inogona kukonzerwa ne:

• zvinoshungurudza kukuvara kwehuropi
• sitiroko
• mamiriro ehutano senge dementia, pfari, kana maronda ehuropi

Kazhinji yenguva, vanhu vane agraphia vanowanawo nyonganiso mukukwanisa kwavo kuverenga nekutaura.

Kunyangwe hazvo mamwe marudzi ekukuvara kwehuropi asingadzoreke, vanhu vanogona kukwanisa kuwana mamwe ekugona kwavo kugona nekushanda pamwe nevarapi kuti vadzidze zvakare kuronga, kunyora, uye kuperetera nekururama kukuru.