Antiemetic Zvinodhaka

Zvemukati

• Mhando dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya
• Antiemetics yechirwere chekufamba
• Antiemetics yemudumbu furuu
• Antiemetics yekemotherapy
• Antiemetics yekuvhiya
• Antiemetics yechirwere chemangwanani
• Migumisiro yechirwere yemasikirwo emasikirwo
• Natural antiemetic kurapwa
• Antiemetic zvinodhaka zvakachengeteka pakubata
• Antiemetic zvinodhaka zvakachengeteka kuvana
• Zvekurwara kwekufamba
• Zvegastroenteritis
• Kutora

Chii chinonzi antiemetic zvinodhaka?

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inorayirwa kuti ibatsire nekusvotwa uye kurutsa izvo zvinokanganisa mimwe mishonga. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mishonga yeanesthesia inoshandiswa panguva yekuvhiya kana chemotherapy yekenza. Antiemetic zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswawo pakurutsa uye kurutsa kunokonzerwa ne:

• chirwere chekufamba
• kurwara kwemangwanani panguva yekuzvitakura
• zviitiko zvakakomba zvedumbu furu (gastroenteritis)
• zvimwe zvirwere

Iyi mishonga inoshanda nekukanganisa maurotransmitter receptors ane chekuita nekurutsa. Neurotransmitters ndiwo maseru anogamuchira iwo masaini ekutumira tsinga yekushushikana. Nzira dzinodzora maitiro emuviri dzakaoma. Mhando yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshandiswa inoenderana nechikonzero.

Mhando dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya

Mimwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inotorwa nemuromo. Zvimwe zvinowanikwa sejekiseni kana sechirugu chakaiswa pamuviri wako saka haufanire kumedza chero chinhu. Mhando yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yaunofanira kutora inoenderana nezviri kukonzera zviratidzo zvako.

Antiemetics yechirwere chekufamba

Antihistamine inodzivirira kusvotwa uye kurutsa kunokonzerwa nekufamba kwechirwere kunowanikwa pamusoro pekambani (OTC). Ivo vanoshanda nekuchengeta nzeve yako yemukati kubva mukunyatso kuona kufamba uye inosanganisira:

• dimenhydrinate (Dramamine, Gravol)
• meclizine (Dramamine Mashoma Akotsira, Bonine)

Antiemetics yemudumbu furuu

Iyo dumbu furuu, kana gastroenteritis, inokonzerwa nehutachiona kana hutachiona. Iyo OTC zvinodhaka bismuth-subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) inoshanda nekupfekedza mudumbu mako. Iwe unogona zvakare kuyedza OTC glucose, fructose, kana phosphoric acid (Emetrol).

Antiemetics yekemotherapy

Nausea uye kurutsa ndizvo zvakajairika chikamu chemotherapy kurapwa. Antiemetic zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa kare uye shure kwekemotherapy kudzivirira zviratidzo.

Mimwe mishonga yekurapa inosanganisira:

• serotonin 5-HT3 vanogamuchira vanopokana: dolasetron (Anzemet), granisetron (Kytril, Sancuso), ondansetron (Zofran, Zuplenz), palonosetron (Aloxi)
• dopamine vanopikisa: prochlorperazine (Compazine), domperidone (Motilium, haiwanike muUS), olanzapine (Zyprexa)
• NK1 vapikisi vanopokana: aprepitant (Emend), rolapitant (Varubi)
• corticosteroids: dexamethasone (DexPak)
• cannabinoids: cannabis (mbanje yekurapa), dronabinol (Marinol)

Antiemetics yekuvhiya

Postoperative nausea uye kurutsa (PONV) inogona kukonzerwa neanesthesia inoshandiswa panguva yekuvhiya. Mishonga yemishonga inoshandiswa kurapa PONV inosanganisira:

• serotonin 5-HT3 vanogamuchira vanopokana: dolasetron, granisetron, negavano
• dopamine vanopikisa: metoclopramide (Reglan), droperidol (Inapsine), domperidone
• corticosteroids: dexamethasone

Antiemetics yechirwere chemangwanani

Kurwara kwemangwanani kunoitika panguva yepamuviri. Nekudaro, antiemetic zvinodhaka hazviwanzo kupihwa kunze kwekunge zvakakomba.

Hyperemesis gravidarum kusangana kwepamuviri kunokonzeresa kusvotwa uye kurutsa. Kana iwe uine ichi chiitiko, chiremba wako anogona kuraira:

• antihistamines, senge dimenhydrinate
• vitamini B-6 (pyridoxine)
• dopamine vanopikisa, senge prochlorperazine, promethazine (Pentazine, Phenergan)
• metoclopramide kana mamwe marapirwo asingashande

Migumisiro yechirwere yemasikirwo emasikirwo

Iyo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inoenderana nerudzi rweantiemetic mushonga waunotora:

• bismuth-subsalicylate: rima-rakasviba rurimi, pfumbu-nhema zvituru
• antihistamines: kutsumwaira, kuoma muromo
• dopamine vanopikisa: muromo wakaoma, kuneta, kuzvimbirwa, tinnitus, mhasuru mhasuru, kusagadzikana
• neurokinin receptor agonists: kuderera kuita weti, kuoma muromo, chirungurira
• serotonin 5-HT3 vanogamuchira vanopokana: kuvimbiswa, muromo wakaoma, kuneta
• corticosteroids: kuzvidzora, acne, kuwedzera kuda kudya uye nyota
• cannabinoids: shanduko mukuona, dzungu

Kana iwe ukawana chero cheanotevera, bvunza chiremba wako:

• kuwedzera kwekusvotwa kana kurutsa
• kuvimbiswa kwakanyanya
• kushaya simba kwetsandanyama
• kugwinha
• kurasikirwa kwekunzwa
• kukurumidza kurova kwemoyo
• kukotsira zvakanyanya
• kutaura kwakashata
• zviratidzo zvepfungwa, sekufungidzira kana kuvhiringidzika

Natural antiemetic kurapwa

Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yemasikirwo antiemetic ginger (Zingiber officinale). Ginger ine vapikisi vashanu-HT3 vanozivikanwa sema gingerols. Zvidzidzo zvekiriniki zvinoratidza kuti ginger inogona kushanda pakurapa kusvotwa uye kurutsa. Ginger nyowani nyowani mumvura inopisa kugadzira tii, kana kuyedza makandi, ginger mabhisikiti, kana ginger ale.

Aromatherapy ine peppermint yakakosha mafuta inogona zvakare kuve nzira yekukunda kusvotwa uye kurutsa. Edza kukwiza madonhwe akati wandei kumashure kwemutsipa wako uye nekufema kwakadzika.

Cannabis yakaratidzirwawo kuve. Izvozvi yave kuwanikwa zviri pamutemo mumatunhu mazhinji, asi inogona kutorwa semushonga usiri pamutemo mune vamwe.

Antiemetic zvinodhaka zvakachengeteka pakubata

Motion chirwere zvinodhaka se meclizine uye dimenhydrinate zvakachengeteka kune vakadzi vane nhumbu. Vitamin B-6 uye dopamine vanopikisa vakawanikwa vakachengeteka, asi vanongoshandiswa mune zvakakomba zviitiko zvekurwara kwemangwanani.

Cannabis kana mbanje haina njodzi kushandisa panguva yekuzvitakura. Mushonga uyu unobatanidzwa nehuremu hwekuzvarwa huremu uye kuwedzera njodzi yehuropi nehunhu matambudziko muvana. Pepto-Bismol hainawo kukurudzirwa.

Antiemetic zvinodhaka zvakachengeteka kuvana

Iyo inogara iri zano rakanaka kubvunza chiremba usati wapa mushonga kuvana.

Zvekurwara kwekufamba

Dimenhydrinate uye diphenhydramine (Benadryl) inogona kushandiswa kurapa kusvotwa muvana vanopfuura makore maviri ekuberekwa, asi ita shuwa kuti iwe unoteedzera kuraira kwedosi.

Zvegastroenteritis

Ongororo dzichangoburwa dzakawana kuti ondansetron inogona kuve yakachengeteka uye inoshanda kune vana vane chirwere chakakomba chegastroenteritis.

Promethazine haifanire kushandiswa nevacheche kana vana vadiki. Usape bismuth-subsalicylate kuvana vane makore gumi nemaviri ekuberekwa kana vadiki.

Kutora

Kune akawanda antiemetic madhiragi ekurapa kusvotwa uye kurutsa, asi mushonga waunofanira kuedza zvinoenderana nezvinokonzera zviratidzo zvako. Ita shuwa kuti iwe uverenge iwo mavara zvakanyatsonaka kana uteedzere rairo yechiremba wako. Kune zviitiko zvakapfava zvekusvotwa kana kurutsa, edza mushonga wemakwenzi senge ginger.