Autism Kurapa Nhungamiro

Zvemukati

• Yakashandiswa maitiro kuongorora
• Kufungisisa maitiro ekurapa
• Kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi hwemagariro
• Inonzwisisika yekubatanidza kurapa
• Kurapa pabasa
• Kurapa kwekutaura
• Mishonga
• Zvakadini nedzimwe nzira dzokurapa?
• Chinokosha

Chii chinonzi autism?

Autism spectrum kusagadzikana chiitiko chinokanganisa maitiro emunhu, kushamwaridzana, kana kudyidzana nevamwe. Yaimbove yakaputsika mumatambudziko akasiyana senge Asperger's syndrome. Izvozvi zvave kurapwa seyakagadziriswa ine yakafara-yakatambanuka tarisiro yezviratidzo uye kuomarara.

Kunyange hazvo yave kunzi autism spectrum disorder, vanhu vazhinji vachiri kushandisa izwi rekuti "autism."

Iko hakuna mushonga we autism, asi nzira dzinoverengeka dzinogona kubatsira kugadzirisa mashandiro emagariro, kudzidza, uye hupenyu hwehupenyu kune vese vana nevakuru vane autism. Rangarira kuti autism ndiyo yakasarudzika-yakavakirwa mamiriro. Vamwe vanhu vangangoda kushoma kurapwa, asi vamwe vangangoda kurapwa kwakanyanya.

Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti uzive kuti yakawanda yekutsvagisa nezve kurapwa kweatism inotarisa kuvana. Izvi zvinonyanya nekuti zviripo zvinoratidza kuti kurapwa kunonyanya kushanda kana watanga usati wasvitsa makore 3. Zvakadaro, mazhinji marapirwo akagadzirirwa vana anogona kubatsira vanhu vakuru zvakare.

Verenga pamusoro kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve dzakasiyana nzira dzekurapa autism.

Yakashandiswa maitiro kuongorora

Inoshandiswa maitiro ekuongorora (ABA) ndeimwe yemishonga inonyanyo shandiswa ye autism kune vese vakuru nevana. Icho chinoreva kune akateedzana ehunyanzvi akagadzirirwa kukurudzira hunhu hwakanaka uchishandisa mubayiro system.

Kune akatiwandei marudzi eABA, anosanganisira:

• Discrete kuyedza kudzidziswa. Iyi nzira inoshandisa nhevedzano yemiyedzo kukurudzira nhanho-nhanho kudzidza. Kururamisa maitiro uye mhinduro zvinokomborerwa, uye zvikanganiso zvinofuratirwa.
• Kutanga kwakasimba maitiro ekupindira. Vana, kazhinji vari pasi pemakore mashanu, vanoshanda-mumwe-mumwe nachiremba kana muboka diki. Zvinowanzoitwa mukati memakore akati wandei kubatsira mwana kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana uye kudzikisira hunhu hunonetsa, kusanganisira hukasha kana kuzvikuvadza.
• Inokosha mhinduro yekudzidzisa. Iri zano rinoshandiswa munharaunda yemumwe munhu yemazuva ese iyo inodzidzisa hunyanzvi hwakakosha, senge kurudziro yekudzidza kana kutanga kutaurirana.
• Kupindira maitiro kupindira. Murapi anoshanda nemumwe munhu kuvabatsira kuti vanzwisise kuti sei uye sei vanhu vanoshandisa mutauro kutaura uye kuwana zvinhu zvavanoda.
• Hwakanaka hunhu hunotsigira. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuita shanduko yezvakatipoteredza kumba kana mukirasi kuitira kuti hunhu hwakanaka huwedzere kunzwa.

Kufungisisa maitiro ekurapa

Kuziva kwehunhu hwekurapa (CBT) rudzi rwekurapa kwekutaura uko kunogona kushanda kurapwa kwe autism kwevana nevakuru. Munguva dzeCBT zvikamu, vanhu vanodzidza nezve kubatana pakati pemanzwiro, pfungwa, uye maitiro. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuziva mifungo nemanzwiro zvinokonzeresa maitiro asina kunaka.

A inoratidza kuti CBT inonyanya kubatsira mukubatsira vanhu vane autism kugadzirisa kusagadzikana. Izvo zvinogona zvakare kuvabatsira kuti vanzwisise zvirinani manzwiro mune vamwe uye kutsungirira zvirinani mumagariro mamiriro.

Kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi hwemagariro

Kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi hwemagariro (SST) inzira yekuti vanhu, kunyanya vana, vakudziridze hunyanzvi hwemagariro. Kune vamwe vanhu vane autism, kudyidzana nevamwe kwakaoma zvikuru. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kumatambudziko mazhinji nekufamba kwenguva.

Mumwe munhu ari pasi peSST anodzidza hunyanzvi hwekudyidzana, kusanganisira maitiro ekuita hurukuro, kunzwisisa kuseka, uye kuverenga manzwiro emanzwiro. Kunyange ichinyanyo shandiswa muvana, SST inogona zvakare kushanda kune vechidiki nevakuru vechidiki mune yavo yekutanga makore makumi maviri.

Inonzwisisika yekubatanidza kurapa

Vanhu vane autism dzimwe nguva vanokanganiswa zvisingaite nekutora kwekunzwa, sekuona, kurira, kana kunhuwidza. Zvemagariro kusangana kurapa kunoenderana nedzidziso yekuti kuva nedzimwe pfungwa dzako dzakawedzeredzwa kunoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kudzidza uye kuratidza hunhu hwakanaka.

SIT inoedza kuburitsa kunze kwemunhu mhinduro kumanzwiro ekusimudzira. Zvinowanzoitwa nachiremba anoshanda uye anovimba nekutamba, sekudhonza mujecha kana kusvetuka tambo.

Kurapa pabasa

Occupational therapy (OT) inzvimbo yehutano inotarisa pakudzidzisa vana nevakuru hunyanzvi hunokosha hwavanoda muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kune vana, izvi zvinowanzo sanganisira kudzidzisa hunyanzvi hwemotokari, hunyanzvi hwekunyora, uye hunyanzvi hwekuzvichengeta.

Kune vanhu vakuru, OT inotarisa mukuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekuzvimirira hwekugara, senge kubika, kuchenesa, uye kubata mari.

Kurapa kwekutaura

Kurapa kwekutaura kunodzidzisa hunyanzvi hwekutaura hunogona kubatsira vanhu vane autism kutaurirana zvirinani. Zvinowanzoitwa pamwe neanotaura-mutauro pathologist kana wehutano hwebasa.

Inogona kubatsira vana kuvandudza mwero uye mutinhimira wekutaura kwavo, pamusoro pekushandisa mazwi nemazvo. Inogona zvakare kubatsira vakuru kuvandudza matauriro avanoita nezve pfungwa uye manzwiro.

Mishonga

Iko hakuna chero mishonga yakanyatsogadzirirwa kurapa autism. Zvisinei, mishonga yakawanda inoshandiswa kune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuitika ne autism inogona kubatsira nezvimwe zviratidzo.

Mishonga inoshandiswa kubatsira kubata autism inowira mumapoka mashoma.

• Antipsychotic. Mimwe mitsva mishonga yekurapa chirwere chepfungwa inogona kubatsira nechisimba, kuzvikuvadza, uye nematambudziko ehunhu mune vese vana nevakuru vane autism. Iyo FDA ichangobvumidza kushandiswa kwe risperidone (Risperdal) uye apripiprazole (Abilify) kurapa zviratidzo zve autism.
• Zvinodzvinyirira. Nepo vanhu vazhinji vane autism vachitora mishonga yekudzvinyirira, vatsvagiri havasati vaine chokwadi chekuti vanonyatso batsira nezviratidzo zveatism. Zvakadaro, izvo zvinogona kubatsira pakurapa obsessive-inomanikidza kusagadzikana, kushushikana, uye kushushikana mune vanhu vane autism.
• Zvinokurudzira. Zvinokurudzira, senge methylphenidate (Ritalin), zvinowanzo shandiswa kurapa ADHD, asi zvinogona zvakare kubatsira nezviratidzo zvinopindirana zve autism, zvinosanganisira kusatarisira uye kusagadzikana. Kutarisa kushandiswa kwemishonga yekurapa kweatism kunoratidza kuti inenge hafu yevana vane autism vanobatsirwa kubva kune zvinokurudzira, asi vamwe vanoona zvakashata mhedzisiro.
• Anticonvulsants. Vamwe vanhu vane autism vane pfari, saka mishonga yekudzivirira dzimwe nguva inorayirwa.

Zvakadini nedzimwe nzira dzokurapa?

Kune dzakawanda zvisingaenzaniswi kurapa autism kunoedzwa nevanhu. Nekudaro, hapana hunyanzvi hwekutsvagisa hunotsigira nzira idzi, uye hazvizivikanwe kuti dzinoshanda here. Mamwe acho, senge chelation kurapwa, anogona zvakare kukuvadza kupfuura kunaka.

Zvakadaro, autism inzvimbo yakatambanuka inokonzeresa zviratidzo zvakasiyana. Kungoti chimwe chinhu chisingashande kune mumwe munhu hazvireve kuti hachizobatsira mumwe. Shanda pamwe chete nachiremba kana uchitsvaga mune dzimwe nzira dzokurapa. Chiremba akanaka anogona kukubatsira kuti ufambise tsvagurudzo yakatenderedza marapirwo aya uye kudzivirira nzira dzinogona kuve nenjodzi dzisina kutsigirwa nesainzi.

Dzimwe nzira dzokurapa dzinoda kutsvagisisa dzinosanganisira:

• isina-guten, chikafu chisina makesi
• magumbeze ane huremu
• melatonin
• vhitamini C
• omega-3 mafuta acids
• zvidzori
• vitamini B-6 uye magnesium zvakabatana
• oxetocin
• CBD mafuta

Kana iwe usinganzwe wakasununguka kutaura nezve dzimwe nzira dzekurapa nachiremba wako, funga kutsvaga mumwe chiremba wezvekurapa kuti akubatsire iwe kuwana kurapwa kwakakodzera. Sangano risingabatsiri Autism Speaks rinokutendera kuti utsvage zvakasiyana siyana zveatism zviwanikwa nehurumende.

Chinokosha

Autism inzvimbo yakaoma isina mushonga. Nekudaro, kune nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekurapa uye mishonga inogona kubatsira kubata zviratidzo zvayo. Shanda nachiremba wako kuti uone chirongwa chinonyanya kubatsira chekurapa iwe kana mwana wako.