Kushungurudzika Mishonga neMhedzisiro Mhedzisiro

Zvemukati

• Sarudzo serotonin reuptake inhibitors
• SSRI mhedzisiro
• Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
• SNRI mhedzisiro
• Tricyclic antidepressants
• TCA mhedzisiro
• Norepinephrine uye dopamine reuptake inhibitors
• NDRI mhedzisiro
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
• MAOI mhedzisiro
• Wedzera-on kana kuwedzera mishonga
• Zvimwe zvinodzvinyirira

Mhedziso

Kurapa kwekushungurudzika kukuru kwekushungurudzika (inozivikanwawo sekushungurudzika kukuru, kiriniki yekushungurudzika, unipolar kushushikana, kana MDD) kunoenderana nemunhu uye kuomarara kwechirwere. Nekudaro, vanachiremba vanowanzo kuwana mhedzisiro yakanaka kana mishonga yemishonga yakanyorwa, yakadai seanodzvinyirira, uye psychotherapy inoshandiswa mukubatana.

Parizvino, anopfuura makumi maviri nemaviri mishonga yekudzvinyirira iripo.

Mishonga yekudzvinyirira yakabudirira pakurapa kushushikana, asi hapana mushonga mumwe wakaratidzwa kuva unoshanda kwazvo - zvinoenderana zvachose nemurwere nemamiriro avo ega. Iwe unofanirwa kutora mishonga nguva dzose kwevhiki dzinoverengeka kuitira kuti uone mhedzisiro uye nekucherechedza chero mhedzisiro.

Heano anonyanya kutaurwa antidepressant mishonga uye avo akajairika mhedzisiro.

Sarudzo serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Iyo yakajairwa nzira yekurapa kwekushungurudzika pakutanga inotanga nemushonga weiyo inosarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).

Kana huropi husingaite yakakwana serotonin, kana isingakwanise kushandisa iripo serotonin nemazvo, muyero wemakemikari muuropi unogona kusaenzana. SSRIs inoshanda kushandura nhanho yeserotonin muuropi.

Kunyanya, SSRIs inovharidzira iyo reabsorption yeserotonin. Nekudzivirira iyo reabsorption, maurotransmitter anogona kutumira uye kugamuchira makemikari mameseji zvinobudirira. Izvi zvinofungidzirwa kuwedzera iyo yekuwedzera-yekusimudzira mhedzisiro yeserotonin uye kugadzirisa zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo.

SSRIs inowanzozivikanwa inosanganisira:

• fluoxetine (Prozac)
• citalopram (Celexa)
• paroxetine (Paxil)
• sertraline (Zoloft)
• escitalopram (Lexapro)
• fluvoxamine (Luvox)

SSRI mhedzisiro

Migumisiro yakajairika inowanikwa nevanhu vanoshandisa SSRIs inosanganisira:

• matambudziko ekugaya, kusanganisira manyoka
• kusvotwa
• muromo wakaoma
• kusagadzikana
• kutemwa nemusoro
• kushaya hope kana kukotsira
• kudzikira chishuwo chepabonde uye kunetseka kusvika pachirume
• kusagadzikana kwe erectile
• kushungurudzika (jitteriness)

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) dzimwe nguva inonzi mbiri reuptake inhibitors. Ivo vanoshanda nekudzivirira iyo reuptake, kana kudzorerazve, yeserotonin uye norepinephrine.

Nedzimwe serotonin uye norepinephrine inotenderera muuropi, uropi kemikari bharanzi inogona kugadziriswazve, uye maurotransmitter anofungidzirwa kuti anotaurirana zvinobudirira. Izvi zvinogona kugadzirisa mamiriro uye kubatsira kubvisa zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo.

SNRIs inonyanya kutaurwa inosanganisira:

• venlafaxine (Effexor XR)
• desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
• duloxetine (Cymbalta)

SNRI mhedzisiro

Migumisiro yakajairika inowanikwa nevanhu vanoshandisa SNRIs inosanganisira:

• kuwedzera kudikitira
• kuwedzerwa kweropa
• kurova kwemoyo
• muromo wakaoma
• kukurumidza kurova kwemoyo
• Matambudziko ekugaya, kazhinji kuzvimbirwa
• kuchinja mukudya
• kusvotwa
• dzungu
• kusagadzikana
• musoro
• kushaya hope kana kukotsira
• yakadzikira libido uye kunetseka kusvika orgasm
• kushungurudzika (jitteriness)

Tricyclic antidepressants

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) akaumbwa muma1950, uye vaive pakati pekutanga antidepressants anoshandiswa kurapa kushushikana.

TCAs dzinoshanda nekuvharidzira iyo reabsorption yeNoradrenaline uye serotonin. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira muviri kuwedzeredza mabhenefiti-ekusimudzira mabhenefiti eiyo noradrenaline uye serotonin iyo yainoburitsa zvakasikwa, izvo zvinogona kugadzirisa mamiriro uye kudzikisira mhedzisiro yekushushikana.

Vanachiremba vazhinji vanopa maTCA nekuti anofungidzirwa kunge akachengeteka semishonga mitsva.

Iwo anonyanya kutaurwa maTCA anosanganisira:

• amitriptyline (Elavil)
• imipramine (Tofranil)
• doxepin (Sinequan)
• trimipramine (Surmontil)
• clomipramine (Anafranil)

TCA mhedzisiro

Mhedzisiro kubva kune ino kirasi yeanodzvinyirira inowanzo kuve yakaoma. Varume vanowanzo kuve nemhedzisiro mashoma kupfuura vakadzi.

Mhedzisiro yakajairika inosangana nevanhu vanoshandisa maCAA inosanganisira:

• kurema kuwedzera
• muromo wakaoma
• kusaona zvakanaka
• kutsimwaira
• kukurumidza kurova kwemoyo kana kusagadzikana kwemoyo
• kuvhiringidzika
• matambudziko edundira, kusanganisira kunetseka kuita weti
• kuvimbiswa
• kurasikirwa nechido chepabonde

Norepinephrine uye dopamine reuptake inhibitors

Parizvino imwe chete NDRI ndiyo FDA inogamuchirwa kushushikana.

• buproprion (Wellbutrin)

NDRI mhedzisiro

Mhedzisiro yakajairika inosangana nevanhu vanoshandisa NDRIs inosanganisira:

• pfari, painotorwa pamwero wakakwira
• kushushikana
• hyperventilation
• huta
• kushungurudzika (jitteriness)
• kugumbuka
• kuzunza
• kunetseka kurara
• kusagadzikana

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) mishonga iyo inowanzo gadzirirwa chete kana mimwe mishonga yakati wandei nemishonga zvikundikana.

MAOIs anodzivirira uropi kubva pakuputsa makemikari norepinephrine, serotonin, uye dopamine. Izvi zvinobvumidza huropi kuchengetedza huwandu hwakakwira hwemakemikari aya, ayo anogona kusimudzira mamood uye nekuvandudza kutaurirana kweurotransmitter.

MaMAI anozivikanwa anosanganisira:

• phenelzine (Nardil)
• selegiline (Emsam, Eldepryl, uye Deprenyl)
• tranylcypromine (Parnate)
• isocarboxazid (Marplan)

MAOI mhedzisiro

MAOIs anowanzo kuve nemhedzisiro mhedzisiro, mazhinji acho akakomba uye anokuvadza. MAOIs zvakare ane mukana wekudyidzana kune ngozi nezvikafu uye nepamusoro-pe-mishonga.

Mhedzisiro yakajairika inosangana nevanhu vanoshandisa MAOI anosanganisira:

• kurara masikati
• kushaya hope
• dzungu
• yakaderera BP
• muromo wakaoma
• huta
• kurema kuwedzera
• kudzikisira chishuwo chebonde kana kunetsekana kusvitsa
• kusagadzikana kwe erectile
• matambudziko edundira, kusanganisira kunetseka kuita weti

Wedzera-on kana kuwedzera mishonga

Zvekurapa-kusagadzikana kushushikana kana kwevarwere vanoramba vaine zviratidzo zvisina kugadziriswa, wechipiri mushonga unogona kupihwa.

Iyi yekuwedzera-pamishonga inowanzo shandiswa kurapa kumwe kusagadzikana kwehutano hwepfungwa uye inogona kusanganisira anti-kunetseka mishonga, inosimbisa manzwiro, uye antipsychotic.

Mienzaniso yeantipsychotic iyo yakagamuchirwa neKudya neDrug Administration (FDA) yekushandisa sekuwedzera-pane ekurapa kwekuora mwoyo anosanganisira:

• aripiprazole (Gonesa)
• quetiapine (Seroquel)
• olanzapine (Zyprexa)

Iyo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yemimwe mishonga yekuwedzera inogona kufanana nemamwe antidepressants.

Zvimwe zvinodzvinyirira

Atypical mishonga, kana iyo isingakodzere mune chero ezvimwe zvezvinodhaka zvikamu, zvinosanganisira mirtazapine (Remeron) uye trazodone (Oleptro).

Huru mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yemishonga iyi kukotsira. Nekuti ese ari maviri mishonga iyi inogona kukonzera kutonhodza, anowanzo kutorwa husiku kudzivirira kutarisisa uye kutarisisa matambudziko.