Chikafu chemukati: chii icho uye nezvayo
Zvemukati
- Chii ichochi
- Mhando dzekudya zvinovaka muviri
- Maitiro ekudyisa munhu chikafu chemukati
- 1. Kudya kwakatswanywa
- 2. Mazano ekupinda
- Zvinogona kuitika
- Kana isingashandiswe
Kudya kwemukati imhando yechikafu inobvumidza kupihwa kwehutano hwese, kana chikamu chayo, kuburikidza nemudumbu, kana munhu asingakwanise kudya chikafu chakajairika, zvimwe nekuti zvinofanirwa kumedza akawanda macalorie, kana nekuti pane kurasikirwa yezvinhu zvinovaka muviri, kana nekuti zvinofanirwa kusiya dumbu rekuzorora richizorora.
Rudzi urwu rwechikafu runogoneswa kuburikidza nechubhu, inozivikanwa sepombi yekudyisa, iyo inogona kuiswa kubva mumhino, kana kubva pamuromo, kuenda mudumbu, kana kuura. Kureba kwayo nenzvimbo kwainoiswa zvinosiyana zvichienderana nechirwere chiri pasi, mamiriro ehutano, nguva inofungidzirwa uye chinangwa chinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa.
Imwe nzira isingawanzo kuzivikanwa yekupa kudya kwekudya kuri kuburikidza neostomy, umo chubhu inoiswa yakananga kubva paganda kuenda mudumbu kana ura, ichiratidzwa apo rudzi urwu rwekudya runofanira kuitwa kweanopfuura mavhiki mana, sezvazvinoitika mukati. zviitiko zvevanhu vane advanced Alzheimer's.
Chii ichochi
Chikafu chemukati chinoshandiswa pazvinenge zvakakodzera kupa macalorie mazhinji uye aya haakwanise kupihwa neyakajairwa kudya, kana kana chimwe chirwere chisingabvumidze kudyiwa kwemakorori nemuromo. Zvisinei, ura hunofanira kunge huri kushanda zvakanaka.
Nekudaro, mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu apo chikafu chechokwadi chinogona kupihwa ndeichi:
- Vana vasati vatanga pasi pemavhiki makumi maviri nemana ekuberekwa;
- Kufema kunetseka chirwere;
- Kukanganiswa kweiyo gastrointestinal turakiti;
- Kushungurudzika kwemusoro;
- Pfupi ura chirwere;
- Acute pancreatitis muchikamu chekupora;
- Chisingaperi manyoka uye kuzvimba ura chirwere;
- Kupisa kana caustic esophagitis;
- Malabsorption chirwere;
- Kusadya kwakakwana;
- Dambudziko rekudya, senge anorexia nervosa.
Uye zvakare, rudzi urwu rwechikafu runogona zvakare kushandiswa senzira yekuchinja pakati pehutano hwevabereki, inoiswa yakanangana mutsinga, nekudyisa kwemuromo.
Mhando dzekudya zvinovaka muviri
Kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekupa kudya kunovaka muviri kuburikidza nehubhu, iyo inosanganisira:
| Mhando | Chii | Kubatsirwa | Kukanganisa |
| Nasogastric | Iri chubhu inopinzwa nemumhino mudumbu. | Ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa nekuti ndiyo iri nyore kuisa. | Zvinogona kukonzera mhino, esophageal kana tracheal kutsamwa; inogona kufamba-famba kana ichikosora kana kurutsa uye inogona kukonzera kusvotwa. |
| Orogastric uye oroenteric | Inoiswa kubva pamuromo kuenda mudumbu kana ura. | Hazvitadzisi mhino, ichiva chinonyanya kushandiswa mukuzvarwa. | Inogona kutungamira mukuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemate. |
| Nasoenteric | Iyo probe yakaiswa kubva mumhino kusvika kuura, iyo inogona kuiswa kumusoro kune duodenum kana jejunum. | Zviri nyore kufamba; zviri nani kubvumirwa; inoderedza mukana wekuti probe inozovhiringidzwa uye inokonzeresa kutenderera kwemudumbu. | Inoderedza chiito chejusi yegastric; inopa njodzi yekuparadzwa kwemukati; inogumira kusarudzwa kwemafomula uye zvirongwa zvekudyisa. |
| Gastrostomy | Iyo chubhu inoiswa yakanangana paganda kusvika mudumbu. | Izvo hazvitadzise nzira yemhepo; inobvumira kushandiswa kwemahombekombe akakura uye zviri nyore kushandisa. | Inoda kuiswa nekuvhiya; zvinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kweflux; zvinogona kukonzera hutachiona uye kutsamwa kweganda; inopa njodzi yekuzorwa kwemimba. |
| Duodenostomy uye jejunostomy | Iyo probe inoiswa yakananga kubva paganda kuenda kune duodenum kana jejunum. | Inoderedza njodzi yekushuva kwemijusi yegastric kumapapu; inobvumira kufudza munguva yekuvhiya kwe gastric kuvhiya. | Zvakanyanya kuoma kuisa, zvinoda kuvhiyiwa; inopa njodzi yekuvharika kana kuputika kwepurojekiti; zvinogona kukonzera manyoka; iwe unoda infusion pombi. |
Rudzi urwu rwekudyisa runogona kupihwa nesirinji, inozivikanwa seye bolus, kana kuburikidza nesimba remagetsi kana pombi yekumukisa. Sezvineiwo, inofanirwa kupihwa kanenge katatu kusvika kumaawa mana, asi pane zviitiko apo kudyisa kunogona kuitwa zvichiramba, nerubatsiro rwepombi yekumukisa. Rudzi urwu rwepombi runoteedzera ura kufamba, zvichiita kuti kufudza kuve nani kunoregererwa, kunyanya kana chubhu ichiiswa mumatumbo.
Maitiro ekudyisa munhu chikafu chemukati
Chikafu uye huwandu hunofanirwa kupihwa hunoenderana nezvimwe zvinhu, senge zera, chinzvimbo chekudya, zvido, chirwere uye kugona kwekugaya. Nekudaro, icho chakajairika chinhu kutanga kufudza ine yakaderera vhoriyamu ye20 mL paawa, iyo inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.
Nutrients inogona kupihwa kuburikidza nechikafu chakapwanyika kana kuburikidza neyakaisirwa fomula:
1. Kudya kwakatswanywa
Inosanganisira kuitisa chikafu chakatswanywa uye chakamanikidzwa kuburikidza nesprobe. Panyaya iyi, nyanzvi yezvinovaka muviri inofanirwa kuverenga zvakadzama dhayeti, pamwe nehuwandu hwechikafu uye nenguva yavanofanirwa kupihwa. Mune chikafu ichi zvakajairika kusanganisira miriwo, tubers, nyama dzakaonda uye michero.
Nyanzvi yezvinovaka muviri inogona zvakare kufunga nezvekuwedzera kudya kwacho nefomula yekudyira, kuve nechokwadi chekuwanika kwezvose zvinovaka muviri, kudzivirira kusakwana kwekushomeka kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri.
Kunyangwe iri padyo nechikafu chekare, rudzi urwu rwechikafu rune njodzi yakanyanya yekushatiswa nemaabhakitiriya, ayo anogona kupedzisira adzikisira kufakwa kwevamwe zvinovaka muviri. Uye zvakare, sezvo ichiine chikafu chakapwanyika, chikafu ichi zvakare chinopa njodzi huru yekuvharika kweprobe.
2. Mazano ekupinda
Kune akati wandei akagadzirira-akagadzirwa mafomula ayo anogona kushandiswa kudzvinyirira izvo zvido zvevanhu pane chikafu chekupinda, icho chinosanganisira:
- Polymeric: mafomura ane zvese zvinovaka muviri, kusanganisira mapuroteni, makabhohaidhiretsi, mafuta, mavitamini uye mamineral.
- Semi Elementary, oligomeric kana semi-hydrolyzed: mafomura ane zvinovaka muviri zvakafanogadzirwa, zvichive nyore kupinza padumbu remudumbu;
- Elementary kana hydrolyzed: vane zvese zviri nyore zvinovaka muviri mukuumbwa kwavo, zviri nyore kwazvo kupinza padumbu remukati.
- Modular: iwo mafomula ane chete macronutrient semapuroteni, makabhohaidhiretsi kana mafuta. Aya mafomasi anoshandiswa kunyanya kuwedzera huwandu hwesarudzo yemacronutrient.
Pamusoro peizvi, kune mamwewo mafomula akasarudzika ayo akajairirwa kune zvimwe zvirwere zvisingaperi zvakaita seshuga, matambudziko echiropa kana kusagadzikana kwetsvo.
Zvinogona kuitika
Munguva yekudya kunovaka muviri, mamwe matambudziko anogona kumuka, kubva kumatambudziko emuchina, senge kuvharirwa kwetubhu, kuenda kuzvirwere, sekushushikana nemabayo, kana kuputika kwemukati, semuenzaniso.
Matambudziko emagetsi kana kushaya mvura, vhitamini uye kushomeka kwemamineral, kuwedzerwa shuga yeropa kana kusaenzana kwe electrolyte kunogona kuitika. Uye zvakare, panogona zvakare kuve nezviitiko zvemanyoka, kuzvimbirwa, kuzvimba, reflux, kuda kurutsa kana kurutsa.
Nekudaro, zvese izvi zvinetso zvinogona kudzivirirwa kana paine hutarisiro uye nhungamiro kubva kuna chiremba, pamwe nekubata kwakakodzera kwechubhu uye mafomula ekudyisa.
Kana isingashandiswe
Chikafu chemukati chinopesana nevarwere vari panjodzi huru yekukonzeresa broncho, kureva kuti, fluid kubva muhubhu inogona kupinda mumapapu, ayo anowanzoitika kune vanhu vane chinetso chekumedza kana vanotambura ne Reflux yakaoma.
Uye zvakare, mumwe anofanirwa zvakare kudzivirira kushandisa chikafu chemukati muvanhu vane decompensed kana kusagadzikana, vane chirwere chisingaperi, kuvharika kwematumbo, kurutsa kazhinji, gastric hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, acute pancreatitis kana mune kesi panenge paine intestinal atresia. Muzviitiko zvese izvi, sarudzo yakanakisa inowanzo kushandiswa kwehutano hwevabereki. Ona kuti rudzi urwu rwechikafu runosanganisira chii.
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