Deredza njodzi yako yechibereko-gomarara

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Mugore rapfuura, iwe waona misoro yenyaya - kubva ku "Iyo Cancer Vaccine YeRamangwana?" ku "Maitiro Ekuuraya Kenza" -- izvo zvave zviratidzo zvebudiriro huru mugomarara rechibereko. Chokwadi, kwave nenhau dzakanaka kuvakadzi munharaunda iyi yemishonga: Iko mukana wekudzivirira, pamwe negwara idzva rekuongorora, zvinoreva kuti vanachiremba vari kuvhara nzira dziri nani dzekubata, kurapa uye kunyange kudzivirira chirwere ichi chegynecologic, icho charova zviuru gumi nezvitatu. Vakadzi veAmerica uye vanotora hupenyu hwe4,100 gore negore.

Kumwe kwekufambira mberi kwakakosha mumakore apfuura kwave kuwanikwa kwekuti 99.8 muzana yezviitiko zvegomarara remuromo wechibereko zvinokonzerwa nemamwe maronda ehutachiona hweHIV (STI) anozivikanwa sevanhu papillomavirus, kana HPV. Utachiona uhwu hwakapararira kwazvo zvokuti 75 muzana yevaAmerica vanoita zvepabonde vanohuwana pane imwe nguva muupenyu hwavo uye mamiriyoni 5,5 ezvirwere zvitsva zvinoitika gore negore. Nekuda kwekubatwa nechirwere ichi, chikamu chimwe kubva muzana chevanhu chinova nemapundu panhengo dzakavandika uye chikamu chegumi kubva muzana chevakadzi vanova nemaronda asina kujairika kana kuti ane kenza pamuromo wechibereko, izvo zvinowanzoonekwa nePap test.

Chii chaunoda kuziva kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kugomarara remuchibereko? Hedzinoi dzimwe mhinduro kumibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa pamusoro pehukama huripo pakati pegomarara remuchibereko neutachiona hweHPV.

1. Mushonga wechibereko negomarara unowanikwa riini?

Mumakore mashanu kusvika gumi, vanodaro nyanzvi. Nhau dzakanaka ndedzekuti ongororo ichangoburwa yakaburitswa mu Iyo New England Chinyorwa cheMishonga yakaratidza kuti jekiseni inokwanisa kupa zana muzana kudzivirira paHPV 16, dambudziko rinowanzobatana negomarara remuromo wechibereko. Merck Research Laboratories, iyo yakagadzira mushonga unoshandiswa muchidzidzo ichi, pari zvino iri kushanda pane chimwe chigadzirwa chinodzivirira pamhando ina dzeHIVV: 16 ne18, izvo zvinopa 70 muzana yekenza yemukondombera, anodaro munyori wekudzidza Laura A. Koutsky, Ph. .D., Yunivhesiti yeWashington epidemiologist, uye HPV 6 ne11, izvo zvinokonzeresa makumi mapfumbamwe muzana ezvepabonde.

Asi kunyangwe mushonga uripo, hazvigoneke kuti iwe, mukadzi mukuru, uve wekutanga mumutsara kuugamuchira. "Vakanyatsokwanisa kukwikwidza vachave vasikana nevakomana vane makore gumi kusvika gumi nematatu ekuberekwa," anodaro Koutsky. “Tinofanirwa kubayisa vanhu nhomba vasati vaita bonde uye vabatwa neutachiona uhu.

Mishonga inoverengeka yekurapa - iyo yaizopihwa mushure mehutachiona kuti ikurumidze kupindura immune kuhutachiona - iri kuongororwawo, anodaro Thomas C. Wright Jr., MD, purofesa wezvekurwara paColumbia University muNew York City, asi haisati yaonekwa kuti inoshanda (zvakadaro).

2. Dzimwe mhando dzeHPV dzine njodzi kupfuura dzimwe here?

Ehe. Pakati pemhando dzinopfuura zana dzakasiyana dzeHPV dzakaonekwa, dzakawanda (dzakadai seHPV 6 ne11) dzinozivikanwa kuti dzinokonzera warts, idzo dzisina kunaka uye dzisingabatanidzi nekenza yechibereko. Mamwe, akadai seHPV 16 ne18, ane ngozi zvakanyanya. Dambudziko nderekuti kunyangwe iyo iripo HPV bvunzo (ona mhinduro Nha.

Thomas Cox, MD, director weWomen's Clinic paUniversity yeCalifornia, Santa Barbara, anoshuma kuti miedzo mitsva iri kuvandudzwa iyo ichakwanisa kusarudza mhando dzemumwe nemumwe, asi isingawanikwe kune rimwe gore kana maviri. "Iyi miedzo inozokwanisa kutaura kana uine chirwere cheHIVV chinoramba chiripo chine njodzi, icho chinowedzera mukana wako wecancer yegomarara, kana rudzi rweHPV runogona kunge rwunononoka [kureva., Ruchapera rwoga] kana nenjodzi shoma, Anowedzera.

3. HPV inorapika here?

Ndizvo zvinokakavadzana. Vanachiremba havana nzira ipi zvayo yekurwisa utachiona pachahwo. Vanogona, zvisinei, kurapa kuchinja kwesero uye majekiseni anogona kukonzera nemishonga yakadai seAldara (imiquimod) uye Condylox (podofilox) kana nechando, kupisa kana kucheka warts. Kana kuti vanogona kuraira kungotarisa mamiriro ezvimwe shanduko. Muchokwadi, zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana zvehutachiona - kunyangwe vachiburitsa zviratidzo kana kwete - zvinongo nyangarika mukati megore rimwe kana maviri. Asi vanachiremba havazive kana izvi zvichireva kuti wakaporeswa kubva kuhutachiona kana kana immune system yako ichangobva kuikurira saka iri kurara yakarara mumuviri wako nenzira iyo herpes virus inoita.

4. Ndinofanira kuwana bvunzo itsva ye "Liquid Pap" pane yePap smear?

Kune zvimwe zvikonzero zvakanaka zvekutora ThinPrep, sekudanwa kwemvura cytology, Cox anodaro. Ese maedzo bvunzo anotarisa shanduko yesero pamuromo wechibereko iyo inogona kukonzeresa kugomarara, asi ThinPrep inogadzira zvirinani sampuro kuti zviongororwe uye yakati rebei zvishoma kupfuura Pap smear. Pamusoro pezvo, maseru akakwenenzverwa kubva pamuromo wechibereko weThinPrep anogona kuongororwa neHIVV nezvimwe zvirwere zvepabonde, saka kana pawanikwa chakaipa, haufanire kudzokera kuna chiremba wako kuti upe mumwe muenzaniso. Nezvikonzero izvi, kuyedzwa kwemvura ndiko kwave kunyanyoitwa bvunzo dzegomarara rechibereko muUnited States. (Kana iwe usina chokwadi kuti bvunzoi yauri kugamuchira, bvunza chiremba wako kana mukoti.)

5. Ndichiri kudikanwa here kuti ndinyore bvunzo dzePap gore rega?

Nhungamiro itsva kubva kuAmerican Cancer Society inoti kana ukasarudza kutora ThinPrep kwete Pap smear, unongoda kuongororwa makore maviri ega ega. Kana iwe wapfuura makore makumi matatu (mushure meiyo njodzi yako yekutapukirwa neHPV inodzikira) uye uine katatu akatevedzana zvakajairika, unokwanisa kuenda kunze kwekuongororwa makore maviri kana matatu ega ega.

Imwe caveat ndeyekuti kunyangwe ukasvetuka Paps wepagore, magynecologists vachiri kukurudzira kuti uongororwe pelvic gore rega rega kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti maovha ako akajairika uye, kana usiri murume mumwe chete, kuyedza dzimwe njovhera, senge chlamydia.

6. Ikozvino pane ongororo yeHPV. Ini ndinofanira kuitora here?

Parizvino, zvakanyatso kukodzera kana iwe uine isina kujairika Pap bvunzo mhedzisiro inonzi ASCUS, inomirira Atypical squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ona mhinduro Nha. kuenderera mberi nekuedzwa kana kurapwa. Uye kana vasina, unowana vimbiso yekuti hausi panjodzi yegomarara remuchibereko.

Asi bvunzo yeHPV haina kufanira seyepagore yekuongororwa bvunzo (pamwe nePap bvunzo kana yega), nekuti inogona kutora hutachiona hwenguva pfupi, zvichitungamira kune kusiri madikanwa kumwe kuongororwa uye kunetseka. Nekudaro, iyo US Chikafu neDrug Administration (FDA) ichangobvumidza kushandiswa kweiyo bvunzo pamwe chete nePap smear yevakadzi vanopfuura makore makumi matatu, uye vanachiremba vazhinji vanokurudzira kuti iwe uve neyakaedzwa mbiri makore matatu ese. "Nguva iyoyo yaizopa nguva yakaringana yekubata vana vechizvaro, izvo zvinononoka kufambira mberi," anodaro Wright, asi asiri kutora nyaya dzechinguvana. (Ehe, izvo chete kana mhedzisiro yacho yakajairika.

7. Kana ndikawana bvunzo dzePap dzisina kujairika, ndeapi mamwe mabvunzo andinoda?

Kana bvunzo yako yePap ikadzoserwa nemhedzisiro yeASCUS, nhungamiro ichangoburwa inoratidza kuti une sarudzo nhatu dzakaenzana dzekuwedzera kuongororwa: Unogona kudzokorora bvunzo dzePap mbiri dzakaparadzana mwedzi mina kusvika mitanhatu, bvunzo yeHPV, kana colposcopy (maitiro emuhofisi panguva iyo iyo chiremba inoshandisa chiyero chakavhenekwa kuti chiongorore zvinogona kuitika). Mimwe mhedzisiro inogona kuve yakakomba isina kujairika - nemazwi akadai seAGUS, LSIL uye HSIL - anofanirwa kuteverwa nekukasira necolposcopy, anodaro National Cancer Institute's Diane Solomon, MD, uyo akabatsira kunyora nhungamiro dzichangoburwa pamusoro penyaya iyi.

8. Kana ndiine HPV, mukomana wangu kana murume / mukadzi wangu anofanira kuongororwawo here?

Aiwa, pane chikonzero chidiki cheizvozvo, anodaro Cox, sezvo iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge pasina chinogona kuitwa kumurapa kana asina warts kana HPV shanduko (inozivikanwa semaronda) panhengo yake yekubereka. Zvakare, parizvino hapana FDA-inogamuchirwa kuongorora bvunzo yevanhurume.

Nezve kutapurirana kweHIVV kune vamwe vatsva, zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kushandisa kondomu kunogona kudzora njodzi yezvirwere zvine chekuita neHIVV, zvinosanganisira maringe ezvepabonde uye gomarara remuromo wechibereko. Asi makondomu anoita kunge anongodzivirira zvakanyanya, nekuti haavhare ganda rese renhengo. "Kuzvidzivirira ndiyo chete nzira chaiyo yekudzivirira kubatwa neHIVV," Wright anotsanangura. Kana jekiseni reHPV ravepo, zvisinei, varume -- kana kunyanya vakomana vasati vabva zera -- vachanangwa kubaiwa pamwe chete nevasikana vezera rimwe chete.

Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve HPV, bata:

- IAmerican Social Health Association (800-783-9877, www.ashastd.org) - Iwo maCentre ekurwisa nekudzivirira STD Hotline (800-227-8922, www.cdc.gov/std)

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