Retinitis pigmentosa: Chii icho, Zviratidzo uye Kurapa

Zvemukati

• Ungaziva sei
• Maitiro ekusimbisa
• Zvinokonzera
• Dzimwe mhando dze retinitis
• Kurapwa kunoitwa sei

Retinitis, inonziwo retinosis, inosanganisira seti yezvirwere zvinokanganisa retina, inzvimbo yakakosha yekuseri kweziso iro rine masero ane basa rekutora mifananidzo. Zvinokonzeresa zviratidzo sekurasika zvishoma nezvishoma kwemaonero uye kugona kusiyanisa mavara, uye zvinogona kutungamira kuhupofu.

Chikonzero chikuru ndeche retinitis pigmentosa, chirwere chinodzikira chinokonzera kurasikirwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwemaonero, kazhinji yenguva, kunokonzerwa nehutachiona uye hutachiona hutachiona. Uye zvakare, zvimwe zvinokonzeresa retinitis zvinogona kusanganisira hutachiona, senge cytomegalovirus, herpes, gwirikwiti, syphilis kana fungi, kukuvara kumeso uye kuita kune chepfu kwemimwe mishonga, senge chloroquine kana chlorpromazine, semuenzaniso.

Kunyangwe pasina mushonga, zvinokwanisika kurapa chirwere ichi, zvinoenderana nechakakonzera uye nekukuvara kwekukuvara, uye zvinogona kusanganisira kudzivirira kubva kumagetsi ezuva uye kuwedzererwa kwevhitamini A uye omega 3.

Ungaziva sei

Pigmentary retinitis inokanganisa mashandiro emasero e-photoreceptor, anonzi makoni nematanda, ayo anotora mifananidzo muvara uye munzvimbo dzine rima.

Inogona kukanganisa 1 kana ese maziso, uye makuru zviratidzo anogona kumuka ndeaya:

• Kuona kwakashata;
• Kupera kana kushandurwa kwekuona, kunyanya munzvimbo dzisina mwenje;
• Husiku upofu;
• Kurasikirwa kwemaonero ekuona kana kushandurwa kwenzvimbo inoonekwa;

Kuona kurasikirwa kunogona kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, pamwero unosiyana zvichienderana nechakakonzera, uye kunogona kutungamira kuhupofu muziso rakabatwa, iro rinodaidzwa zvakare kuti amaurosis. Uye zvakare, retinitis inogona kuitika chero pazera, kubva pakuberekwa kusvika pakuva munhu mukuru, izvo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nechikonzero chayo.

Maitiro ekusimbisa

Muedzo unoona retinitis ndewekumashure kweziso, kunoitwa nachiremba wemaziso, uyo anoona mamwe mavara erima mumaziso, muchimiro cheburi, rinozivikanwa sema spicule.

Uye zvakare, mimwe miedzo inogona kubatsira mukuongororwa ndeyeyedzo yekuona, mavara uye ndima yekuona, tomography kuongororwa kwemaziso, electroretinography uye retinography, semuenzaniso.

Zvinokonzera

Pigmentary retinitis inokonzerwa zvakanyanya nezvirwere zvakagarwa nhaka, zvinopfuudzwa kubva kuvabereki kuenda kuvana, uye iyi nhaka yemagariro inogona kumuka nenzira nhatu:

• Autosomal inotonga: uko mubereki mumwe chete anofanirwa kuendesa kuti mwana akanganiswe;
• Autosomal yakawandisa: mune izvo zvakafanira kuti vaviri vabereki vapfuure jeni kuti mwana abatwe;
• Yakabatanidzwa kune X chromosome: inopfuudzwa nemajini emadzimai, nevakadzi vakatakura jeni rakakanganiswa, asi vachiparadzira chirwere, kunyanya kuvana vechirume.

Mukuwedzera, chirwere ichi chinogona kukonzera chirwere, icho kunze kwekukanganisa maziso, chinogona kukanganisa dzimwe nhengo nemabasa emuviri, senge Usher syndrome.

Dzimwe mhando dze retinitis

Retinitis inogona zvakare kukonzerwa neimwe mhando yekuzvimba mune iro retina, senge hutachiona, kushandiswa kwemishonga uye kunyange kurova kumeso. Sezvo kutadza kuona mumamiriro ezvinhu aya kwakagadzikana uye kuchidzora nekurapwa, mamiriro aya anonziwo pigmentary pseudo-retinitis.

Zvimwe zvezvikonzero zvikuru ndezvi:

• Cytomegalovirus hutachiona hutachiona, kana CMV, iyo inobata maziso evanhu vane hutachiona hwehutachiona, sevarwere veAIDS, uye kurapwa kwavo kunoitwa nemishonga inorwisa mishonga, yakadai seGanciclovir kana Foscarnet, semuenzaniso;
• Zvimwe zvirwere nemavirusi, semafomu akakomba ehepe, gwirikwiti, rubella nehuku, hutachiona hwakafanana Treponema pallidum, iyo inokonzera syphilis, zvipembenene zvakadai se Toxoplasma gondii, iyo inokonzera toxoplasmosis uye fungi, senge Candida.
• Kushandisa zvinodhaka zvine chepfu, senge Chloroquine, Chlorpromazine, Tamoxifen, Thioridazine uye Indomethacin, semuenzaniso, ari mishonga inogadzira kudiwa kwekutarisa kwemaziso panguva yekushandisa kwavo;
• Inovhuvhuta mumaziso, nekuda kwekukuvara kana tsaona, iyo inogona kukanganisa basa retiina.

Aya marudzi eretinitis anowanzo bata ziso rimwe chete.

Kurapwa kunoitwa sei

Retinitis haina mushonga, zvisinei kune mamwe marapirwo, anotungamirwa na ophthalmologist, ayo anogona kubatsira kudzora uye kudzivirira kufambira mberi kwechirwere, sekuwedzera kwevhitamini A, beta-carotene uye omega-3.

Izvo zvakakoshawo kuve nekudzivirira kubva pakuratidzwa kune mwenje wemapfupi wavelengths, nekushandisa magirazi ane UV-A dziviriro uye B blockers, kudzivirira kumhanyisa kwechirwere.

Chete kana iri yezvikonzero zvinotapukira, zvinokwanisika kushandisa madhiragi senge maantibayoti uye maantivirals, kurapa hutachiona uye nekuderedza kukuvara kune iro retina.

Uye zvakare, mune chiitiko chekuti kurasikirwa kwemaonero kwakatoitika, ophthalmologist inogona kuraira zvinoyamura senge kukudza magirazi uye maturusi emakomputa, izvo zvinogona kubatsira kusimudzira hupenyu hwevanhu ava.