Steroid yeCOPD

Zvemukati

• Oral steroids
• Kubatsirwa
• Zvimwe zvinokanganisa
• Zvekungwaririra
• Inhaled steroids
• Kubatsirwa
• Zvimwe zvinokanganisa
• Zvekungwaririra
• Kusanganiswa inhalers
• Kubatsirwa
• Zvimwe zvinokanganisa
• Zvekungwaririra
• Njodzi uye yambiro
• Mimwe mishonga yeCOPD
• Yako COPD yekurapa chirongwa
• Kugadziriswa kwepulmonary
• Kurega kusvuta
• Hupenyu hwakanaka
• Chinokosha

Mhedziso

Chisingaperi obstructive pulmonary chirwere (COPD) izwi rinoshandiswa kutsanangura mashoma akakomba mapapu mamiriro. Izvi zvinosanganisira emphysema, chisingaperi bronchitis, uye asthma isingadzoreki.

Zviratidzo zvikuru zveCOPD ndezvi:

• kufema kwekufema, kunyanya kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge waita
• kurira
• kukosora
• kuvakwa kwemamusese mumhepo yako nzira

Kunyange pasina mushonga uripo weCOPD, akati wandei emishonga aripo anogona kazhinji kudzikisira kuomarara kwezviratidzo.

Steroid ndeimwe yemishonga inowanzo kupihwa kune vanhu vane COPD. Ivo vanobatsira kudzora kuzvimba mumapapu ako kunokonzerwa nekupisa-kumusoro.

Steroid inouya mumuromo uye inhaled mafomu. Kune zvekare mishonga yemubatanidzwa inosanganisira steroid uye mumwe mushonga. Mhando imwe neimwe yesteroid inoshanda zvishoma zvakasiyana mukudzora kana kudzivirira zviratidzo zvinopisa.

Oral steroids

Iwe unowanzo shandisa steroid mupiritsi kana fomu remvura kune zvine mwero kana zvakakomba flare-up, inozivikanwawo sekunyanyisa kwekuwedzera.

Iyi inomhanyisa-yekuita mishonga yemumuromo inowanzo gadzirirwa kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi, kazhinji mazuva mashanu kusvika manomwe. Dozi yako inoenderana nekuoma kwezviratidzo zvako, simba remumwe mushonga, uye zvimwe zvinhu.

Semuenzaniso, muyero wevakuru we prednisone unogona kunge uri chero kubva pamashanu kusvika makumi matanhatu emamirigiramu (mg) zuva nezuva.

Mishonga yekunyorera uye dzimwe sarudzo dzekurapa dzinofanira kugara dzichiitwa pane mumwe munhu.

Pakati pezvinonyanya kutaurwa zvemuromo steroids eCOPD ndeaya:

• kudonhedza (Prednisone Intensol, Rayos)
• hydrocortisone (Cortef)
• prednisolone (Yakagara)
• methylprednisolone (Medrol)
• dexamethasone (Dexamethasone Intensol)

Prednisone uye prednisolone inoonekwa seisina-mazita emishonga yekurapa COPD.

Off-label kushandisa zvinodhaka zvinoreva kuti mushonga wakabvumidzwa neDFA nechinangwa chimwe unoshandiswa nechinangwa chakasiyana chisina kubvumidzwa. Nekudaro, chiremba achiri kugona kushandisa mushonga wechinangwa icho. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo FDA inodzora kuyedzwa uye kubvumidzwa kwemishonga, asi kwete mashandisiro anoita vanachiremba mishonga yekurapa varwere vavo. Nekudaro, chiremba wako anokwanisa kukunyorera mushonga asi ivo vanofunga zvakanakira iwe. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve off-label kushandisa zvinodhaka.

Kubatsirwa

Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza oral steroids zvinowanzokubatsira iwe kutanga kufema nekukurumidza zvakanyanya.

Izvo zvinowanzo gadzirirwawo kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi. Izvi zvinokuita kuti usanyanya kusangana nematambudziko anosangana nekushandisa kwenguva refu kwemushonga.

Zvimwe zvinokanganisa

Zvimwe zvinokanganisa kubva mukushandisa kwenguva pfupi kweSteroid zvinowanzo kuve zvidiki, kana zvikaitika zvachose. Zvinosanganisira:

• kuchengetwa kwemvura
• kuzvimba, kazhinji mumaoko nemaoko
• kuwedzera kweropa
• mafungiro

Kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga iyi kunogona kukwidza njodzi yako ye:

• chirwere cheshuga
• cataract
• osteoporosis, kana kurasikirwa kwefupa
• hutachiona

Zvekungwaririra

Oral steroids inogona kudzikisa immune system yako. Iva kunyanya kufunga nezvekugeza maoko ako uye kudzikisa kusangana kwako nevanhu vanogona kunge vane hutachiona hunogona kutapuriranwa nyore.

Iyo mishonga inogona zvakare kubatsira kune osteoporosis, saka chiremba wako anogona kukuraira iwe kuti uwedzere yako vhitamini D uye calcium kudya kana kutanga kutora zvinodhaka kurwisa kurasikirwa kwepfupa.

Oral steroids inofanira kutorwa nechikafu.

Inhaled steroids

Iwe unogona kushandisa inhaler kununura steroid yakananga mumapapu ako. Kusiyana nemuromo steroids, inhaled steroid inowanzo kuve yakanakira vanhu vane zviratidzo zvakagadzikana.

Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa nebulizer. Uyu muchina unoshandura mushonga kuti uve mhute yakanaka yeerosol. Iyo zvino inopomba mhute kuburikidza neyakagadziriswa chubhu uye kupinda mumask yaunopfeka mhiri mumhino nemuromo.

Inhaled steroid inowanzo shandiswa semushonga wekuchengetedza kuchengetedza zviratidzo pasi pesimba kwenguva refu. Maitiro anoyerwa muma micrograms (mcg). Chaiwo madhizaizi anotangira pamakumi mana emicg puff kubva kune inhaler kusvika ku250 mcg pakufuta.

Mimwe inhaled steroids yakanyanyisa uye ine simba kuitira kuti igone kubatsira kudzora akanyanya epamusoro eCOPD zviratidzo. Mafomu akaomarara eCOPD anogona kudzorwa nemadhora asina kusimba.

Mienzaniso yeinhaled steroids yeCOPD inosanganisira:

• beclomethasone dipropionate (Qvar Redihaler)
• budesonide (Pulmicort Flexhaler)
• ciclesonide (Alvesco)
• flunisolide (Aerospan)
• fluticasone propionate (Flovent)
• mometasone (Asmanex)

Iyi inhaled steroids haisi FDA-inogamuchirwa kurapa COPD asi inogona kushandiswa sechikamu cheimwe zvirongwa zvekurapa. Iko kusanganisa zvigadzirwa zvinotsanangurwa pazasi zvinonyanya kushandiswa.

Kubatsirwa

Kana zviratidzo zvako zvishoma nezvishoma zvichiwedzera, inhaled steroids inogona kuvabatsira kuti vasaramba vachifambira mberi nekukurumidza. Kutsvagisa kunoratidza kuti vanogona zvakare kucheka pane iyo nhamba yekuwedzeredza kwakanyanya kwaunowana.

Kana asthma iri chikamu cheCOPD yako, inhaler inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya.

Zvimwe zvinokanganisa

Izvo zvinogona kuitika mhedzisiro yeinhaled steroids inosanganisira huro huro uye chikosoro, pamwe nehutachiona mumuromo mako.

Iko kune zvakare njodzi yekuwedzera yemabayo nekushandisa kwenguva refu kweshaidhi inhaled.

Zvekungwaririra

Inhaled steroids haina kuitirwa kuregedza nekukurumidza kubva kuCOPD flare-up. Muzviitiko izvi, mushonga wekuputa unonzi bronchodilator unogona kubatsira kubvisa kukosora uye kukubatsira kubata mweya wako.

Kuti uderedze njodzi yekutapukirwa nemuromo, sukurudza muromo wako uye gwinya nemvura mushure mekushandisa iyo inhaler.

Kusanganiswa inhalers

Steroid inogona zvakare kusanganiswa nebronchodilators. Iyi ndiyo mishonga inobatsira kusunungura mhasuru dzakakomberedza nzira dzako dzekufema. Mishonga yakasiyanasiyana inoshandiswa mukubatanidza inhaler inogona kunongedza iyo hombe kana diki nzira dzekufema.

Zvimwe zvinowanzobatanidzwa inhalers zvinosanganisira:

• albuterol uye ipratropium bromide (Combivent Respimat)
• fluticasone-salmeterol inhalation powder (Advair Diskus)
• budesonide-formoterol inhalation poda (Symbicort)
• fluticasone-umeclidinium-vilanterol (Trelegy Ellipta)
• fluticasone-vilanterol (Breo Ellipta)
• mometasone-formoterol inhalation powder (Dulera), iri off-label yekushandisa uku

Kubatsirwa

Mubatanidzwa inhalers ita nekukurumidza kumisa kufema uye kukosora, uye kubatsira kuvhura nzira dzekufema kuti dzive nyore kufema. Mimwe yekubatanidza inhalers yakagadzirirwa kupa izvo mabhenefiti kwenguva yakareba mushure mekushandisa.

Zvimwe zvinokanganisa

Zvinogona kuitika mhedzisiro yemubatanidzwa inhalers inosanganisira:

• kukosora uye kufema
• kurova kwemoyo
• huta
• kusvotwa
• musoro
• dzungu
• hutachiona pahuro kana mumuromo

Fonera hofisi yechiremba wako kana iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchitaurwa mubatanidzwa inhaler (kana chero mushonga). Kana iwe uchinetseka kufema kana kuva nekurwadziwa pachipfuva, fonera 911 kana kutsvaga kurapwa kwekukurumidzira nekukasira.

Zvekungwaririra

Mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inoitika kana iwe ukatora musanganiswa wemishonga mazuva ese, kunyangwe kana zviratidzo zvako zviri pasi pekutonga. Kumira kamwe kamwe kunogona kutungamira kuzviratidzo zvakanyanya.

Sezvo neyakajairwa steroid inhaler, kushandiswa kwemubatanidzwa inhaler kunofanirwa kuteverwa nemuromo sukurudza kubatsira kudzivirira hutachiona mumuromo mako.

Njodzi uye yambiro

Steroid mune chero chimiro inoisa njodzi kana ikashandiswa kwenguva yakareba.

Steroid inogona zvakare kubatana nemimwe mishonga. Kusanganisa prednisone nemapiritsi ekunyaradza maronda akadai seaspirin (Bayer) kana ibuprofen (Advil, Midol), inogona kukwidza njodzi yako yezvironda uye kubuda ropa mudumbu.

Kutora maNSAID uye steroid pamwechete kwenguva yakareba zvinogona zvakare kukonzera kusaenzana kwemagetsi, izvo zvinokuisa panjodzi yematambudziko emoyo neitsvo.

Iwe unofanirwa kurega chiremba wako azive mishonga yese uye zvinowedzera zvaunotora kuitira kuti vakugone kukuzivisa nezve zvinogona kusangana. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinodhaka zvaunogona kutora pano neapo kuitira kurwadziwa nemusoro.

Mimwe mishonga yeCOPD

Mukuwedzera kune steroid uye bronchodilators, mimwe mishonga inogona kubatsira mukuderedza kupisa-up uye kudzora zviratidzo.

Pakati pavo pane phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors. Ivo vanobatsira kudzora kuzvimba uye kuzorodza mweya. Izvo zvinonyanya kubatsira kune vanhu vane bronchitis.

Iwe unogona zvakare kupihwa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana iwe uine hutachiona hutachiona izvo zviri kuita kuti zviratidzo zvako zveCOPD zviwedzere. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona zvakare kubatsira kudzora kuwedzera kwakanyanya, asi haina kuitirwa kudzora kwechiratidzo kwenguva refu.

Yako COPD yekurapa chirongwa

Steroid uye mimwe mishonga inongova zvikamu zvehurongwa hwese hwekurapa COPD. Iwe unogona zvakare kuda oxygen kurapwa.

Nerubatsiro rweanotakurika uye akareruka matangi eoksijeni, unogona kufema muoksijeni kuti uone kuti muviri wako unowana zvakakwana. Vamwe vanhu vanovimba neoksijeni kurapwa pavanorara. Vamwe vanoishandisa pavanenge vari kushingaira mukati mezuva.

Kugadziriswa kwepulmonary

Kana iwe uchangobva kugamuchira chirwere cheCOPD, iwe ungangoda pulmonary rehabilitation. Ichi chirongwa chedzidzo chinokubatsira iwe kudzidza nezve kurovedza muviri, kudya kunovaka muviri, uye mamwe mararamire shanduko aungaite kuti uvandudze hutano hwako hwemapapu.

Kurega kusvuta

Imwe yematanho akakosha aunotora kana iwe uchisvuta kurega kusvuta. Kusvuta ndicho chinonyanya kukonzera COPD, saka kusiya iyo tsika kwakakosha kudzikisa zviratidzo uye kudzikira kufambira mberi kweichi chinotyisa hupenyu.

Taura nachiremba wako nezve zvigadzirwa uye marapirwo anogona kukubatsira kurega.

Hupenyu hwakanaka

Kurasikirwa nehuremu uye kurovedza muviri zuva nezuva zvinokurudzirwawo kubatsira kudzikisa zviratidzo.

Kuchengetedza hupenyu hune hutano uye hunoshanda hakurape COPD, asi zvinokubatsira iwe kuvandudza hutano hwemapapu nekusimudzira masimba ako esimba.

Chinokosha

COPD idambudziko rakakura rehutano. Zvisinei, kana iwe ukatevera mirairo yechiremba wako uye ukaita shanduko dzakakodzera muhupenyu hwako, unogona kuwedzera hutano hwako hwekufema uye hwako hupenyu hwehupenyu.