5 mhando dzekenza yeganda: maitiro ekuziva uye zvekuita

Zvemukati

• 1. Basal cell carcinoma
• 2. Squamous cell carcinoma
• 3. Merkel carcinoma
• 4. Malignant melanoma
• 5. Masarcomas eganda

Kune akati wandei mhando yegomarara reganda uye makuru acho ari basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma uye malignant melanoma, kuwedzera kune mamwe asina kujairika mhando senge Merkel's carcinoma uye ganda sarcomas.

Iyi kanzira inokonzerwa nekukura kusingaenzanisike uye kusadzora kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemasero anoumba matanda eganda uye anogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira:

• Isiri-melanoma kenza yeganda: uko basal cell, squamous cell kana Merkel carcinoma inosanganisirwa, izvo zvinowanzo kuve nyore kurapa, nemikana mikuru yekurapa;
• Kenza yeganda reMelanoma: inosanganisira chete malignant melanoma, inova mhando ine njodzi zvakanyanya uye ine mukana wakaderera wekurapa, kunyanya kana ikazivikanwa padanho repamberi;
• Skin sarcomas: inosanganisira Kaposi's sarcoma uye dermatofibrosarcoma, iyo inogona kuoneka munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri uye inoda kurapwa kwakanangana nerudzi.

Kana pakaonekwa chiratidzo chinonyumwa paganda, icho chinoshandura ruvara, chimiro kana kuwedzera saizi, unofanirwa kubvunza dermatologist kuti uone kana paine hutachiona uye zvekuita mune imwe neimwe nyaya.

Tarisa uone vhidhiyo inotevera yekuti ungaziva sei zviratidzo zvegomarara reganda:

1. Basal cell carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma ndiyo yakanyanya kuomarara uye yakajairika mhando yekenza isiri-melanoma, inoenderana neinopfuura 95% yematambudziko, uye inowoneka mumasero ebasal ari munzvimbo yakadzika yeganda, ichioneka seyakajeka pingi chigamba pa ganda raanokura zvishoma nezvishoma, rinogona kunge riine goko pakati pechitema uye rinogona kubuda ropa nyore. Rudzi urwu rwegomarara rwunowanzoitika kune vanhu vane ganda rakanaka, mushure memakore makumi mana, nekuda kwekuratidzwa nezuva nezuva muhupenyu hwese.

Kwazvinogona kumuka: inogara ichiwanzoonekwa mumatunhu ane kuwanda kwezuva, senge kumeso, mutsipa, nzeve kana ganda romusoro, asi zvinogona zvakare kuoneka mune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Zvekuita: kana paine fungidziro, dermatologist inofanirwa kubvunzurudzwa kuti iongorore ganda uye kutanga kurapa kwakakodzera, uko, mune izvi zviitiko, kunoitwa nekuvhiyiwa kudiki kana laser application kubvisa tsvina uye kubvisa maseru ese akanganiswa. Nzwisisa zvakawanda nezve rudzi urwu rwegomarara nemarapirwo aro.

2. Squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma ndiyo yechipiri mhando yakajairika yekenza isiri-melanoma kenza yeganda uye inowanikwa mumaseru anokatyamadza ari munzvimbo dzepamusoro dzeganda. Rudzi urwu rwegomarara rwakanyanya kuwanikwa muvanhurume, kunyangwe rwunogona zvakare kukura mumadzimai ezera chero ripi zvaro, kunyanya kune vanhu vane ganda rakareruka, maziso nebvudzi nekuti rine melanin shoma, inova iyo pigment yeganda inodzivirira pamwaranzi ye ultraviolet

Mhando yegomarara iyi inoonekwa iri bundu rakatsvukuruka paganda kana bharanzi rinobvaruka rogadzira chihure, kana kuita kunge chipfukuto.

Kujekeswa nezuva ndiko kunokonzera squamous cell carcinoma asi zvinogona kuitikawo kune avo vanorapwa chemotherapy uye radiotherapy kurapwa kana vane matambudziko esingaperi eganda, senge maronda asingapore. Kazhinji, vanhu vanoonekwa kuti vane actinic keratosis chigamba, uye vasingawani kurapwa kunoratidzwa nachiremba, zvakare vane mukana wakakura wekuvandudza rudzi urwu rwegomarara reganda.

Kwazvinogona kumuka: inogona kuoneka pese pese pamuviri asi yakajairika mumatunhu akaoneswa kuzuva, senge ganda romusoro, maoko, nzeve, miromo kana mutsipa, izvo zvinoratidza zviratidzo zvekukuvara kwezuva sekushaikwa kwekusimba, kuunyana kana kuchinja paganda reganda.

Zvekuita: sekune mamwe marudzi, zvakakosha kuti ubvunze dermatologist kuti usimbise mhando yechitema uye utange kurapwa, izvo, mune izvi zviitiko, zvinotanga kuitwa nekuvhiyiwa kudiki kana imwe nzira, sekushandisa kutonhora, kubvisa yakawanda akachinja masero. Mushure meizvozvo, kana zvichidikanwa, radiotherapy inogona zvakare kuitwa, semuenzaniso, kubvisa maseru akasara.

3. Merkel carcinoma

Merkel cell carcinoma rudzi rusinganzwisisike rwekenza isiri-melanoma uye inowanzoitika kune vanhu vakura nekuda kwekugara kwenguva refu kwezuva muhupenyu hwavo hwese kana vanhu vane immune system isina kusimba.

Rudzi urwu rwegomarara runowanzoonekwa serisingarwadzi, rine ruvara rweganda kana bhuruu-dzvuku kumeso, mumusoro kana mutsipa uye rinowedzera kukura nekupararira nekukurumidza kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Kwazvinogona kumuka: inogona kuoneka kumeso, mumusoro kana mumutsipa, asi inogona zvakare kukura chero kupi pamuviri, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzisina kuratidzwa nezuva.

Zvekuita: dermatologist inofanirwa kubvunzwa kana banga, hure kana bundu zvikaonekwa kuti zvinoshanduka pakukura, chimiro kana ruvara, zvinokura nekukurumidza kana kubuda ropa nyore mushure mekukuvara kudiki, sekugeza ganda kana kuveura, semuenzaniso. Iyo dermatologist inofanirwa kuongorora ganda uye kutanga kurapa kwakakodzera, uko, mune izvi zviitiko, kunogona kuitwa nekuvhiya, radiotherapy, immunotherapy kana chemotherapy.

4. Malignant melanoma

Malignant melanoma ndiyo inonyanya kukanganisa mhando yegomarara pane zvese uye inowanzo kuoneka sedema rerima rinozokanganisa nekufamba kwenguva.Inogona kuuraya kana ikasazivikanwa nekukurumidza, sezvo ichigona kukurumidza uye kusvika kune dzimwe nhengo dzakaita sepapu. Heano maitiro ekuongorora ganda chiganda kuti uone kana chingave melanoma.

Kwazvinogona kumuka: inowanzo kukura mumatunhu akasvinudzwa kuzuva senge kumeso, mapendekete, ganda romusoro kana nzeve, kunyanya mune vanhu vane ganda rakapfava.

Zvekuita: Sezvo mhando yegomarara iri iine mukana wakakura wekurapa kana kurapwa kwatanga padanho rekutanga, zvakakosha kuti nzvimbo dzine rima, dzinokura nekufamba kwenguva uye dziine chimiro chisina kujairika, dzinoongororwa nekukurumidza nachiremba weshumba. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kurapwa kunotangwa nekuvhiya kubvisa mazhinji maseru, uye mushure meizvozvo, zvinowanzo fanirwa kuve ne radiotherapy kana chemotherapy kubvisa maseru akasara paganda.

5. Masarcomas eganda

Skin sarcomas, senge Kaposi's sarcoma kana dermatofibrosarcoma, rudzi rwecancer yakaipa yeganda inobata yakadzika matanda eganda.

Dermatofibrosarcoma inogona kuoneka nekukurumidza mushure mekumwe kushungurudzika, mune yekuvhiya vanga kana kupisa, nehutachiona nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwerudzi rwe8 (HHV8) kana nemajini ekuchinja. Inowanzo kuve yakajairika mumajaya, asi inogona zvakare kuitika kune vakadzi, chero zera, uye inoratidzika senzvimbo tsvuku kana yepepuru paganda uye inogona kufanana neapimple, vanga kana kuberekwa, kunyanya mutumbi wemuviri. Mune mamwe matanho epamberi anogona kuumba maronda panzvimbo yebundu, kubuda ropa kana necrosis yeganda rakakanganiswa.

Kaposi's sarcoma, kune rumwe rutivi, yakajairika kune vanhu vane immune system isina kusimba, sevanhu vakaiswa kana vane hutachiona hweHIV kana herpes hutachiona mhando 8. Rudzi urwu rwebundu rinoratidzika semavara matsvuku-epepuru paganda. uye inogona kukanganisa muviri wese. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve Kaposi's sarcoma.

Kwazvinogona kumuka: zvakajairika kuoneka pahunde, musoro, mutsipa, makumbo, maoko uye mune zvisingawanzoitika mudumbu.

Zvekuita: dermatologist inofanirwa kubvunzwa kana pakatsvuka gwanza paganda kuti riongororwe zvakakwana. Rudzi urwu rwebundu rine hukasha, rinogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri uye rinofanirwa kurapwa nekuvhiya, radiation radiation kana molecular therapy. Pamusoro pezvo, vanhu vane hutachiona hweHIV vanofanirwa kugara vachitevera kurapwa uye kunwa mishonga yekudzivirira hutachiona.