Bronchiolitis

Bronchiolitis iri kuzvimba uye mamasi anovaka mune zvidiki mhepo nzira mumapapu (bronchioles). Inowanzo kukonzerwa nehutachiona hutachiona.

Bronchiolitis inowanzo bata vana vari pasi pezera rechipiri, iine zera repamusoro remwedzi mitatu kusvika kumitanhatu. Chirwere chakajairika, uye dzimwe nguva chakanyanya. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera chikonzero. Vanopfuura hafu yevacheche vese vanooneswa hutachiwana nekuzvarwa kwavo kwekutanga.

Mamwe mavhairasi anogona kukonzera bronchiolitis anosanganisira:

• Adenovirus
• Furuwenza
• Parainfluenza

Hutachiona uhwu hunopararira kuvacheche nekusangana nemhuno nemhuno yehuro yemumwe munhu ane chirwere. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana mumwe mwana kana munhu mukuru ane hutachiona:

• Kuhotsira kana kukosora padyo uye madonhwe madiki mudenga anobva afemerwa mukati nemucheche
• Anobata matoyi kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinobva zvabatwa nemucheche

Bronchiolitis inoitika kazhinji mukudonha uye munguva yechando kupfuura dzimwe nguva dzegore. Icho chikonzero chakajairika chekuti vacheche vaiswe muchipatara munguva yechando uye kutanga kwechirimo.

Njodzi zvinhu zvebronchiolitis dzinosanganisira:

• Kuva pautsi hwefodya
• Kuva mudiki pane mwedzi mitanhatu
• Kugara pakazara vanhu
• Kwete kuyamwiwa
• Kuzvarwa pamberi pemasvondo makumi matatu nemanomwe ekuberekwa

Vamwe vana vane mashoma kana mashoma zviratidzo.

Bronchiolitis inotanga sehutachiona hwepamusoro hwekupemha hutachiona. Mukati memazuva maviri kusvika matatu, mwana anowedzera matambudziko ekufema, anosanganisira kufema uye kukosora.

Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira:

• Bluish ganda nekuda kwekushaya oxygen (cyanosis) - kurapwa kwechimbichimbi kunodiwa
• Kufema kunetseka kunosanganisira kufema uye kufema kwekufema
• Kukosora
• Kuneta
• Kupindwa nechando
• Tsandanyama dzakakomberedza mbabvu dzinonyura mukati apo mwana anoedza kufemera mukati (inonzi intercostal retitions)
• Mhino dzemucheche dzinofutunuka kana uchifema
• Kukurumidza kufema (tachypnea)

Anopa hutano anoita bvunzo dzepanyama. Kupururudzira uye kutinhira kurira kunogona kunzwika kuburikidza neiyo stethoscope.

Kazhinji yenguva, bronchiolitis inogona kuongororwa zvichienderana nezviratidzo uye bvunzo.

Miedzo inogona kuitwa inosanganisira:

• Magasi eropa
• Chest x-ray
• Tsika yemuenzaniso wemvura yemumhino kuti utarise hutachiona hunokonzera chirwere

Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa ndechekusunungura zviratidzo, senge kunetseka kufema uye kufema. Vamwe vana vangangoda kugara muchipatara kana matambudziko avo ekufema akasavandudzika mushure mekuonekwa mukiriniki kana mukamuri rekukurumidzira.

Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya haishande pakurwisa hutachiona. Mishonga inorapa hutachiona inogona kushandiswa kurapa vana vanorwara zvikuru.

Pamba, matanho ekubvisa zviratidzo anogona kushandiswa. Semuyenzaniso:

• Ita kuti mwana wako anwe mvura zhinji. Mukaka wemuzamu kana fomura yakanakira vana vari pasi pemwedzi gumi nembiri. Electrolyte zvinwiwa, zvakadai sePedialyte, zvakare zvakanaka kune vacheche.
• Ita kuti mwana wako afeme mweya wakanyorova (wakanyorova) kuti ubatsire kusunungura mamina anonamira. Shandisa humidifier kunyorovesa mweya.
• Ipa mwana wako munyu wemhino madonhwe. Wobva washandisa girobhu rekusveta yemhino kuti ubatsire kudzikamisa mhino yakazara.
• Iva nechokwadi chekuti mwana wako anowana zororo rakawanda.

Usatendera chero munhu kuputa mumba, mumota, kana chero padhuze nemwana wako. Vana vari kunetseka kufema vangangoda kugara muchipatara. Ikoko, kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira oxygen oxygen uye zvinwiwa zvinopihwa kuburikidza nevevine (IV).

Kufema kunowanzoita zvirinani nezuva rechitatu uye zviratidzo zvinowanzojeka mukati mevhiki. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, mabayo kana mamwe matambudziko akanyanya kufema anokura.

Vamwe vana vanogona kunge vaine matambudziko nekufema kana kufema pavanokura.

Fonera mupiki wako ipapo ipapo kana enda kuimba yekukurumidzira kana mwana wako:

• Anoneta zvakanyanya
• Ine ruvara rwebhuruu paganda, nzara, kana miromo
• Inotanga kufema zvakanyanya
• Ane dzihwa dzinongoerekana dzawedzera
• Anonetseka kufema
• Iine mhino inoputika kana kudzora chipfuva kana ichiedza kufema

Kazhinji zviitiko zvebronchiolitis hazvigone kudzivirirwa nekuti hutachiona hunokonzera hutachiona hwakazara munzvimbo. Kuchenjerera kugeza maoko, kunyanya kutenderedza vacheche, kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kutapukirwa kwehutachiona.

Mushonga unonzi palivizumab (Synagis) unosimudzira immune system ungakurudzirwa kune vamwe vana. Chiremba wemwana wako achakuzivisa iwe kana mushonga uyu wakakodzera mwana wako.

Yekufema syncytial hutachiona - bronchiolitis; Furu - bronchiolitis; Kubvongodza - bronchiolitis

• Bronchiolitis - kubuda
• Nzira yekufema kana iwe uchinge uchinge uchishaya mweya wekufema
• Okisijeni chengetedzo
• Postural abudise
• Kushandisa oxygen kumba
• Uchishandisa oxygen kumba - chii chekubvunza chiremba wako

• Bronchiolitis
• Kazhinji mapapu uye alveoli

Imba SA, Ralston SL. Kurira, bronchiolitis, uye bronchitis. Mune: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Chinyorwa chePediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 418.

Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS; American Academy yePediatrics, et al. Clinical tsika nhungamiro: kuongororwa, manejimendi, uye kudzivirira bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2014; 134 (5): e1474-e1502. PMID: 25349312 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25349312.

Walsh EE, Englund JA. Utachiona hunokanganisa zvakanyanya nhengo dzekufema nadzo. Mune: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, uye Bennett's Maitiro uye Maitiro Ezvirwere zvinotapukira. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chitsiko 158.