Hepatitis B - vana

Hepatitis B muvana iri kuzvimba uye nehuturu hutachiona hwechiropa nekuda kwehutachiona nehutachiona hwehepatitis B (HBV).

Zvimwe zvinowanzoitika hutachiona hutachiona hutachiona hunosanganisira hepatitis A uye hepatitis C.

HBV inowanikwa muropa kana mvura yemumuviri (urume, misodzi, kana mate) emunhu ane hutachiona. Hutachiona hauripo pachituru (mutsvina).

Mwana anogona kuwana HBV kuburikidza nekubata neropa kana mvura yemumuviri yemunhu ane hutachiona. Kujekesa kunogona kuitika kubva ku:

• Amai vane HBV panguva yekuzvarwa. Hazviite sekunge HBV inopfuudzwa kumucheche ichiri mudumbu raamai.
• Kuruma kubva kune munhu ane hutachiona kunotyora ganda.
• Ropa, mate, kana chero imwe mvura yemumuviri kubva kune munhu ane hutachiona iyo inogona kubata zororo kana kuvhurika paganda remwana, maziso, kana muromo.
• Kugovana zvinhu zvemunhu, zvakadai sebhurosi rezino, nemumwe munhu ane hutachiona.
• Kubatirirwa netsono mushure mekushandiswa nemunhu ane hutachiona hweHBV.

Mwana haakwanise kuwana hepatitis B kubva mukumbundira, kutsvoda, kukosora, kana kuhotsira. Kuyamwisa amai vane hepatitis B kwakachengeteka kana mwana akarapwa zvakanaka panguva yekuzvarwa.

Vechidiki vasina kubayiwa jekiseni vanogona kuwana HBV panguva yebonde risina kuzvidzivirira kana kushandisa zvinodhaka.

Vazhinji vana vane hepatitis B havana kana kana mashoma mashoma zviratidzo. Vana vari pasi pemakore mashanu kashoma kuva nezviratidzo zvehepatitis B. Vana vakura vanogona kukura zviratidzo 3 kusvika 4 mwedzi mushure mekunge hutachiona hwapinda mumuviri. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvehutachiona hutsva kana huchangobva kuitika ndezvi:

• Nzara kurasikirwa
• Kuneta
• Low fever
• Tsandanyama uye kurwadza kwemajoini
• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa
• Ganda reyero nemeso (jaundice)
• Weti yakasviba

Kana muviri uchikwanisa kurwisa HBV, zviratidzo zvinopera mumasvondo mashoma kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu. Izvi zvinonzi acute hepatitis B. Acute hepatitis B haikonzeri matambudziko anogara narini.

Mubatsiri wehutano wemwana wako achaita bvunzo dzeropa dzinodaidzwa kuti hepatitis viral panel. Iyi bvunzo inogona kubatsira kuongorora:

• Utachiona hutsva (acute hepatitis B)
• Chirwere chisingaperi kana chenguva refu (chisingaperi hepatitis B)
• Hutachiona hwakaitika munguva yakapfuura, asi hauchipo

Iyi inotevera bvunzo inoona kukuvara kwechiropa uye njodzi yekenza yechiropa kubva kusingaperi hepatitis B:

• Chikamu cheAlbumin
• Chiropa basa bvunzo
• Prothrombin nguva
• Chiropa biopsy
• Abdominal ultrasound
• Chiropa gomarara bundu mamaki akadai alpha fetoprotein

Iye mupi anotarisawo huwandu hwehutachiona hweHBV muropa. Bvunzo iyi inoratidza kuti kurapwa kwemwana wako kuri kushanda sei.

Acute hepatitis B haidi chero kurapwa kwakakosha. Ma immune system emwana wako acharwisa chirwere ichi. Kana pasina chiratidzo chehutachiona hweHBV mushure memwedzi mitanhatu, ipapo mwana wako apora zvizere. Zvisinei, nepo hutachiona huripo, mwana wako anogona kupfuudza hutachiona kune vamwe. Iwe unofanirwa kutora matanho ekubatsira kudzivirira chirwere kubva pakupararira.

Chirwere hepatitis B inoda kurapwa. Chinangwa chekurapa ndechokubvisa chero zviratidzo, kudzivirira chirwere kubva pakupararira, uye kubatsira kudzivirira chirwere chechiropa. Ita shuwa kuti mwana wako:

• Anowana zororo rakawanda
• Inonwa mvura yakawanda
• Anodya chikafu chine hutano

Mupiki wemwana wako anogona zvakare kukurudzira mishonga yeantiviral. Mishonga inoderera kana kubvisa HBV muropa:

• Interferon alpha-2b (Intron A) inogona kupihwa kuvana vane makore 1 gore kana kupfuura.
• Lamivudine (Epivir) uye entecavir (Baraclude) anoshandiswa muvana vane makore maviri makore zvichikwira.
• Tenofovir (Viread) inopihwa kuvana vane makore gumi nemaviri zvichikwira.

Hazviwanzo kujeka kuti ndeipi mishonga inofanirwa kupihwa. Vana vane chirwere chisingaperi chehepatitis B vanogona kuwana mishonga iyi kana:

• Chiropa chinoshanda nekukurumidza chinowedzera
• Chiropa chinoratidza zviratidzo zvekukuvara kwenguva refu
• HBV level yakakwira muropa

Vana vazhinji vanokwanisa kubvisa miviri yavo yeHBV uye havana chirwere chenguva refu.

Zvisinei, vamwe vana havafi vakabvisa HBV. Izvi zvinonzi chirwere chisingaperi chehepatitis B.

• Vana vadiki vanowanzo tarisa chirwere chehepatitis B.
• Vana ava havanzwe kurwara, uye vanorarama hupenyu hune hutano. Nekudaro, nekufamba kwenguva, vanogona kukura zviratidzo zvekureba-kwenguva (kusingaperi) kukuvara kwechiropa.

Vanenge vese vacheche uye vangangoita hafu yevana vanowana hepatitis B vanokudziridza iyo yenguva refu (isingagumi) mamiriro. Kuongororwa kweropa kwakanaka mushure memwedzi mitanhatu kunosimbisa hepatitis B. chisingaperi Chirwere hachizokanganisa kukura uye kukura kwemwana wako. Kugara uchiongorora kunoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa chirwere muvana.

Iwe unofanirwa zvakare kubatsira mwana wako kudzidza kudzivirira kudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere iye zvino uye pakuva munhu mukuru.

Zvinogona kuitika zve hepatitis B zvinosanganisira:

• Kukuvara kwechiropa
• Chiropa cirrhosis
• Kenza yechiropa

Izvi zvinetso zvinowanzoitika panguva yekukura.

Fonera mupi wemwana wako kana:

• Mwana wako ane zviratidzo zvehepatitis B
• Hepatitis B zviratidzo hazviendi
• Zviratidzo zvitsva zvinokura
• Mwana ndeweboka rine njodzi huru yehepatitis B uye haana kunge aine mushonga weHBV

Kana mukadzi ane nhumbu ane chirwere chakakomba kana chisingaperi hepatitis B, matanho aya anotorwa kudzivirira hutachiona kubva pakupfuudzwa kumwana pakuzvarwa:

• Vacheche vachangoberekwa vanofanirwa kugamuchira mushonga wavo wekutanga wehepatitis B uye imwe yeti yeemogoglobulins (IG) mukati memaawa gumi nemaviri.
• Mucheche anofanira kuzadza majekiseni ese ehepatitis B sekurudzirwa mumwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga.
• Vamwe vakadzi vane nhumbu vanogona kupihwa mishonga yekudzikisa huwandu hweHBV muropa ravo.

Kuchengetedza hutachiona hwehepatitis B:

• Vana vanofanirwa kuwana muyero wekutanga wekudzivirira hepatitis B pakuberekwa. Ivo vanofanirwa kuve neese matatu kupfura mune akateedzana nezera remwedzi mitanhatu.
• Vana vasina kuwana jekiseni vanofanira kuwana "catch-up" doses.
• Vana vanofanirwa kudzivirira kusangana neropa uye mvura yemumuviri.
• Vana havafanirwe kugoverana mabhurosi emazino kana chero zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kutapukirwa.
• Vakadzi vese vanofanirwa kuongororwa HBV panguva yepamuviri.
• Vanamai vane hutachiona hweHBV vanogona kuyamwisa mwana wavo mushure mekudzivirira.

Chinyararire hutachiona - HBV vana; Antivirals - hepatitis B vana; HBV vana; Kubata - hepatitis B vana; Kutapukira kwaamai - hepatitis B vana

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. Zvirongwa zvekudzivirira hutachiona (VISs): hepatitis B VIS. www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statement/hep-b.html. Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 15, 2019. Yakasvika muna Ndira 27, 2020.

Nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira webhusaiti. Zvirongwa zvekudzivirira hutachiona: majekiseni ekutanga emwana wako. www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statement/multi.html. Yakagadziridzwa Kubvumbi 5, 2019. Yakasvika munaNdira 27, 2020.

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