Immunotherapy yeMetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

Zvemukati

• Chii chinonzi immunotherapy?
• Cytokines
• Interleukin-2 (IL-2)
• Interferon-alfa
• Checkpoint inhibitors
• Nivolumab (Opdivo)
• Ipilimumab (Yervoy)
• Zvinogona kuitika mhedzisiro
• Tora woenda nazvo

Mhedziso

Kune akatiwandei marapirwo e metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), kusanganisira kuvhiya, kwakanangwa kurapwa, uye chemotherapy.

Asi mune dzimwe nguva, unogona kumira kupindura kune yakanangwa kurapwa. Dzimwe nguva, zvinangwa zvekurapa zvinodhaka zvinogona kukonzera zvakakomba mhedzisiro kana kuwiriranwa.

Kana izvi zvikaitika, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira imwe nzira yekurapa inonzi immunotherapy. Heano kutarisa kwakadzama pane chinonzi immunotherapy, uye kana zvakakunakira iwe.

Chii chinonzi immunotherapy?

Immunotherapy imhando yekurapa kenza iyo inoshandisa zvakasikwa uye zvinhu zvakagadzirwa kushandura maitiro maseru mumuviri wako. Mamwe marudzi eununotherapy anoshanda kurwisa kana kuparadza cancer maseru. Vamwe vanosimbisa kana kukurudzira immune system yako uye kubatsira kubata zviratidzo uye mhedzisiro yekenza yako.

Kune maviri makuru marudzi eiyo immunotherapy ekurapa metastatic RCC: cytokines uye checkpoint inhibitors.

Cytokines

Cytokines ndedzemunhu-dzakagadzirwa shanduro dzemapuroteni mumuviri anoita uye anowedzera immune system. Iwo ma cytokines maviri anowanzo shandiswa kurapa kenza yeitsvo ndeye interleukin-2 uye interferon-alpha. Ivo vakaratidzirwa kubatsira kudzikisa kenza yeitsvo mune mashoma muzana evarwere.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2)

Iyi ndiyo cytokine inoshanda kwazvo pakurapa kenza yeitsvo.

Kuwedzera kweiyo IL-2, zvisinei, kunogona kukonzera kwakanyanya uye dzimwe nguva kuuraya mhedzisiro. Iyi mhedzisiro inosanganisira kuneta, kushomeka kweropa, kunetseka kufema, kuwanda kwemvura mumapapu, kubuda ropa mumatumbo, manyoka, uye kurwiswa kwemoyo.

Nekuda kwehunogona kuisa njodzi panjodzi, IL-2 inowanzo kupihwa kune vanhu vane hutano hwakakwana kuti vatsungirire mhedzisiro.

Interferon-alfa

Interferon-alfa imwe cytokine dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa kurapa kenza yeitsvo. Inowanzo kupihwa se subcutaneous jekiseni katatu pavhiki. Yayo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro inosanganisira furu-kunge zviratidzo, kuda kurutsa, uye kuneta.

Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvikanganiso zvisinganyanyi kuoma kupfuura IL-2, interferon haina kushanda kana ichishandiswa pachayo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, inowanzo shandiswa pamwe chete nechinongedzo chinodhaka chinonzi bevacizumab.

Checkpoint inhibitors

Immune system yako inozvidzivirira kubva pakurwisa maseru akajairika mumuviri wako nekushandisa "nzvimbo dzekutarisa." Aya ndiwo mamorekuru pane ako maseru immune anofanirwa kuvhurwa kana kuvharwa kuti atange immune immune mhinduro. Kanzura masero dzimwe nguva aishandisa aya ekuongorora kuti arege kutariswa nema immune system.

Checkpoint inhibitors mishonga inotarisa nzvimbo dzakadai dzekuongorora. Ivo vanobatsira kuchengetedza yako immune system mhinduro kune cancer maseru mukutarisa.

Nivolumab (Opdivo)

Nivolumabis immune checkpoint inhibitor iyo inotarisa uye inovhara PD-1. PD-1 ipuroteni pane yako immune system's T maseru anovadzivirira pakurwisa mamwe maseru mumuviri wako. Izvi zvinobatsira kusimudzira immune yako kurwisa cancer maseru uye dzimwe nguva inogona kudzikisira saizi yemamota.

Nivolumab inowanzo kupihwa intravenously kamwe pasvondo mbiri. Iyo sarudzo inoshanda kune vanhu vane RCC yatanga kukura zvakare mushure mekushandisa mamwe marapirwo emishonga.

Ipilimumab (Yervoy)

Ipilimumab imwe immune system inhibitor iyo inovavarira iyo CTLA-4 protein paT masero. Inopihwa mukati, kazhinji kamwe pamasvondo matatu ekurapwa mana.

Ipilimumab inogona zvakare kushandiswa musanganiswa nivolumab. Izvi ndezvevanhu vane gomarara repfungwa repamusoro avo vasati vawana kurapwa.

Iko kusanganisa kwakaratidzwa kuwedzera zvakanyanya huwandu hwekupona. Inowanzo kupihwa muzvikamu zvina, ichiteverwa nekosi ye nivolumab yega.

Iyo data kubva kuichi chidzidzo yakaburitswa muNew England Zvinyorwa zveMishonga yakaratidza yakanaka-gumi nemana-mwedzi wehuwandu huwandu hwekupona pamwe nekubatana kurapwa kwe nivolumab uye ipilimumab.

Musi waApril 16, 2018, iyo FDA yakabvumidza iyi mubatanidzwa yekurapa vanhu vane hurombo- uye wepakati- njodzi yakakwira renal cell carcinoma.

Zvinogona kuitika mhedzisiro

Iwo akajairika mhedzisiro mhedzisiro ye immune checkpoint inhibitors kuneta, kuputika kweganda, kuchenesa, uye manyoka. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, PD-1 uye CTLA-4 inhibitors zvinogona kutungamira kumatambudziko akakomba emuviri anogona kutyisidzira hupenyu.

Kana iwe parizvino uri kugamuchira immunotherapy kurapwa neimwe kana ese ari maviri emishonga iyi uye wotanga kuona chero mitsva mhedzisiro, mhan'arira kuna chiremba wako nekukasira.

Tora woenda nazvo

Mushonga wauchasarudza iwe nachiremba wako zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvinoverengeka. Kana iwe uri kurarama ne metastatic RCC, taura nachiremba wako nezve ako marapirwo sarudzo.

Pamwe chete, munogona kukurukura kuti ingangova nzira yekurapa inoshanda here. Vanogona zvakare kutaura newe nezve chero kunetsekana kwauinako pamusoro pemhedzisiro kana kureba kwekurapwa.