Poikilocytosis: chii icho, mhando uye pazvinoitika

Zvemukati

• Mhando dze poikilocytes
• Kana poikilocytes angaonekwa
• 1. Sickle cell anemia
• 2. Myelofibrosis
• 3. Hemolytic anemias
• 4. Zvirwere zvechiropa
• 5. Iron kushaya anemia

Poikilocytosis izwi rinogona kuoneka mumufananidzo weropa uye rinoreva kuwedzera kwenhamba yemapoikilocytes anotenderera muropa, ayo ari maseru matsvuku ane chimiro chisina kujairika. Masero matsvuku eropa ane chimiro chakakomberedzwa, akapfava uye ane akareruka nzvimbo yepakati pakati nekuda kwekuparadzirwa kwehemoglobin. Nekuda kwekuchinja kwembrane yemasero matsvuku eropa, panogona kunge paine shanduko muchimiro chavo, zvichikonzera kutenderera kwemasero matsvuku eropa ane chimiro chakasiyana, chinogona kukanganisa basa ravo.

Iwo makuru poikilocytes anoonekwa mune microscopic kuongororwa kweropa madrepanocyte, dacryocyte, ellipocyte uye macodocyte, ayo anowanzoonekwa mune anemias, ndosaka zvakakosha kuti uzvizive kuitira kuti kupererwa neropa kusiyane, zvichibvumira kuongororwa uye kutanga kwekurapa zvakanyanya zvakakwana.

Mhando dze poikilocytes

Poikilocytes inogona kucherechedzwa microscopically kubva muropa smear, iri:

• Spherocytes, umo maErythrocyte akatenderera uye ari madiki pane akajairwa erythrocyte;
• Dacryocytes, ayo ari masero matsvuku eropa ane chimiro chemisodzi kana donhwe;
• Acanthocyte, umo ma erythrocyte ane chimiro chakatsetwa, icho chingave chakafanana nechimiro chegirazi bhodhoro chivharo;
• Codocytes, ayo ari maseru matsvuku-akaita seropa nekuda kwekuparadzirwa kwehemoglobin;
• Elliptocytes, umo erythrocyte vane oval chimiro;
• Drepanocytes, ayo ari masero matsvuku eropa akaita sejeko uye anoonekwa kunyanya musero cell anemia;
• Stomatocytes, ayo ari masero matsvuku eropa ane nzvimbo nhete pakati, yakafanana nemuromo;
• Schizocytes, umo ma erythrocyte ane chimiro chisingazivikanwe.

Mumushumo wehemogram, kana poikilocytosis ikawanikwa panguva yekuongororwa kwemaikorosikopu, kuvepo kwepoikilocyte yakatarwa kunoratidzwa mumushumo.Kuzivikanwa kwepoikilocytes kwakakosha kuitira kuti chiremba atarise mamiriro emunhu uye, maererano neshanduko yakacherechedzwa, anogona kuratidza mashandiro emimwe bvunzo kuti apedze kuongororwa uye kutanga kurapwa mushure.

Kana poikilocytes angaonekwa

Poikilocytes anoonekwa semhedzisiro yeshanduko ine chekuita nemaseru matsvuku eropa, senge shanduko yemakemikari mumembere yemasero aya, shanduko yemagetsi mune enzymes, zvisizvo zvine hukama nehemoglobin uye kuchembera kwesero reropa dzvuku Shanduko idzi dzinogona kuitika muzvirwere zvakati wandei, zvichikonzera poikilocytosis, kuve iwo mamiriro makuru.

1. Sickle cell anemia

Sickle cell anemia chirwere chinozivikanwa zvakanyanya nekuchinja kwechimiro chesero tsvuku reropa, iro rine chimiro chakafanana neicho chejeko, richizivikanwa serejere. Izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwekuchinja kweimwe yeketani inoumba hemoglobin, iyo inoderedza kugona kwehemoglobin kusunga kune oksijeni uye, nekudaro, kutakurwa kuenda kunhengo uye nyama, uye kunowedzera kuoma kweiyo tsvuku reropa reropa kuti ipfuure mutsinga .

Nekuda kwekuchinja uku uye kudzikira kwekufambisa kweoksijeni, munhu wacho anonzwa kuneta zvakanyanya, anopa marwadzo akajairika, pallor uye kudzora kwekukura, semuenzaniso. Dzidza kuziva zviratidzo nezviratidzo zve sickle cell anemia.

Kunyangwe jeko cell iri hunhu hwekenza masero anemia, zvinokwanisika kucherechedza, mune dzimwe nguva, kuvapo kwemakodocyte.

2. Myelofibrosis

Myelofibrosis rudzi rwe myeloproliferative neoplasia iyo ine hunhu hwekuvapo kwe dacryocyte inotenderera muropa remupendero. Kuvapo kwema dacryocyte kunowanzo kuratidza kuti pane shanduko mumapfupa emapfupa, zvinova zvinoitika mu myelofibrosis.

Myelofibrosis inozivikanwa nekuvapo kweshanduko dzinosimudzira shanduko mukugadzirwa kwemaseru mumongo wemapfupa, iine kuwanda kweuwandu hwemasero akura mumongo wemapfupa anosimudzira kuumbwa kwemavanga mumwongo wemapfupa, zvichideredza basa rayo pamusoro nguva. Nzwisisa kuti chii myelofibrosis uye kuti inofanira kurapwa sei.

3. Hemolytic anemias

Hemolytic anemias inoratidzirwa nekugadzirwa kwemasero ekudzivirira anoita zvinopesana nemasero matsvuku eropa, kusimudzira kuparadzwa kwavo uye kunotungamira pakuonekwa kwezviratidzo zvekushaya ropa, senge kuneta, kupora, dzungu uye kushaya simba, semuenzaniso. Semhedzisiro yekuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa, pane kuwedzera mukugadzirwa kwemasero eropa nemongo wepfupa uye spleen, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa kugadzirwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa, senge maspherocytes uye ellipocytes. Dzidza zvakawanda nezve hemolytic anemias.

4. Zvirwere zvechiropa

Zvirwere zvinokanganisa chiropa zvinogona zvakare kutungamira mukubuda kweapoikilocytes, kunyanya stomatocytes uye acanthocyte, uye kumwe kuyedza kunokosha kuti uongorore zvinoitwa nechiropa kana zvichikwanisika kuongorora chero shanduko.

5. Iron kushaya anemia

Iron kushomeka anemia, inonziwo kushomeka kwesimbi anemia, inozivikanwa nekuderera kwehuwandu hwekutenderera hemoglobin mumuviri uye, nekudaro, oxygen, nekuti iron yakakosha pakuumbwa kwehemoglobin. Nekudaro, zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvinoonekwa, sekushaya simba, kuneta, kuora moyo uye kunzwa kupera simba, semuenzaniso. Kuderera kwehuwandu hwesimbi inotenderera kunogona zvakare kufarira kutaridzika kwemapoikilocytes, kunyanya macodocyte. Ona zvimwe nezve kushomeka kwesimbi anemia.